Digital Commons Network^™

Auxiliary Hypoglycemic Effect Of Compound Nutritional Powder On Stz Rats, Sheng Qing-Hai, Liu Cheng, Pan Li-Na, Wang Jia-Qi, Jia Yan-Ju

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on evaluating the auxiliary blood glucose-lowering function of self-made compound nutritional powder in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods:SD rats were intravenously injected with STZ to construct a pancreatic islet injury type 2 diabetes model. The compound nutritional powder was given by oral gavage at doses of 1.68, 3.35 and 6.70 g/kg for 30 days. Fasting blood glucose and blood glucose were measured after 30 days. Glucose tolerance index to investigate the effect of compound nutrients on STZ rats.Results:The compound nutritional powder was positive for the fasting blood glucose and glucose tolerance indexes of STZ rats; …

Optimization Of Carrot Heat Pump Drying Process By Response Surface Methodology, Peng Yu-Hang, Wang Guang-Hong, Sun Fei-Xue, Jin Ting-Xiang

Food and Machinery

Objective:This study focuses on optimizing the heat pump drying process of carrot.Methods:On the basis of single factor experiment, Box-Behnken experiment was designed. Color difference, rehydration ratio and β-carotene content were used to study the effects of initial temperature, drying temperature rise and slice thickness on carrot drying quality. The regression equation was established, and the interaction between three independent factors on the response was analyzed. The optimal drying process parameters and the predicted values of carrot heat pump drying were obtained. Finally, the optimal parameters were determined by comparing the experimental results with the predicted values.Results:The …

Research Progress On Nutrient Components And Application Of The Exported “Qinzhou Huang” Millet, Zhang Xin-Xin, Yang Yan-Qiang, Hua Jin, Wu Xi

Food and Machinery

In this review, the cultivation environment, research and development status, nutritional composition, health effect and application in food and medicine of Changzhi region characteristic export products“Qinzhou Huang”millet were summarized,and its development prospects, development and utilization were prospected.

Research Progress On Extraction, Compound Of Walnut Oil And Its Function, Deng Xin-Yu, Huang Min-Ru, Huang Da-Rong, Du Bing, Li Pan

Food and Machinery

In this paper, walnut oil was reviewed from four aspects: nutritional components, extraction technology, efficacy and compounding. The changes of nutritional components of walnut oil with different extraction technology and compounding methods were discussed. The future research direction was prospected. The constraints of emerging technology and the new compounding method of walnut oil were the focus of walnut oil research in the future.

Effects Of Simultaneous Combination Of Steam And Microwave Cooking On The Quality Of Pork Ribs, Yao Qing, Chen Yan-Ping, Sun Ying-Ying, Fang Kun, Cao Ya-Qun, Xu Yan-Shun

Food and Machinery

Objective:To determine the quality changes of the quality of pork ribs in simultaneous combination of steam and microwave cooking.Methods:The physicochemical quality, texture, fatty acids, amino acids, total thiol group, total carbonyl and vitro protein digestibility of pork ribs treated with simultaneous combination of steam and microwave were investigated.Results:The simultaneous combination of steam and microwave could significantly reduce the cooking time compared with the single steaming. And the combined cooking of microwave with 500 W and steam with 1 300 W for 13 min (MS-13) could reduce 48% of the cooking time. Compared with other groups, the pork …

The Adaptation Of Export-Scale Urban Farmers Amid The Covid-19 Pandemic In Bandung Metropolitan, Kinanti Indah Safitri, Oekan Soekotjo Abdoellah, Budhi Gunawan, Parikesit -, Yusep Suparman, Akhmad Zainal Mubarak, Margareth Pardede

The Qualitative Report

These days, urban agriculture is more than a hobby. It has expanded into a local commercial business, even to an export scale. However, urban farmers who have commercialized their products must adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic situation, which has impacted many aspects of global life. This research used a mixed-method approach. We collected quantitative data from 107 respondents on the household commercialization index, income level, and education level of export-scale-urban farmers in the Bandung metropolitan area, West Java, Indonesia. We also used qualitative data to determine how farmers were adapting to difficult situations due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This information …

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter Newsletter, Issue #61 Fall Break 2022

Gamma Sigma Delta, Nebraska Chapter: Newsletters

President’s Message

Award of Merit Recipients: Dr. Richard B. Ferguson & Dr. Janos Zempleni

Teaching Award Recipient: Dr. Renee McFee

Research Award Recipient: Dr. Patricio Grassini

Extension Award Recipient: Dr. Justin McMechan

Outstanding Graduate Student: Gabriela Inveninato Carmona

Outstanding Senior Award: Callie McCright

Outstanding Undergraduate Student: Elizabeth Karnopp

New Members Inducted

When Someone Tells You They’ve Received An Invitation to GSD Membership… How do you respond?

Gamma Sigma Delta Committees

In Memoriam: James Henry Williams Jr., 100; Howard Lyle Wiegers, 105; Terry J. Klopfenstein, 82; William (Bill) Robert Raun, 64; Don Joseph Kubik, 85; Mary Rosalind Morris, 101; Roy L. …

Perceptions And Readiness Of Foodservice Establishments At The Onset Of The Covid-19 Pandemic In Metro Manila And Region Iv-A, Philippines, Von Ryan M. Ebron, Irma U. Danao, Marie Faye R. Nguyen- Orca, Anna Teresa O. Orillo, Joyce P. Parco

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

The study evaluated the perceptions and readiness of food business operators about COVID-19 through an online survey with respondents from Metro Manila and Region IV-A. Generally, they are knowledgeable about COVID-19 and its transmission, as reflected in their scores. The same is true about their attitude towards “new normal” practices. Years of operation, asset size, and continued operations and delivery services showed significant positive correlation with attitude scores. The resilience of some food business operators may be attributed to having more resources that enabled them to carry the added costs of what the new normal foodservice practices entailed. New normal …

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2022

Louisiana Agriculture

LSU AgCenter researchers constantly search for ways to improve Louisiana agriculture by increasing yields and profitability. They also seek to understand new and less popular crops that could thrive in our region. Professor Yan Chen is helping develop the tea industry along the Gulf Coast, working closely with producers to understand how to grow tea (Camellia sinensis) in the region, and her work is featured in the latest issue of Louisiana Agriculture magazine. The magazine also includes a look into Grow Louisiana and Growing Farmers, two programs designed to help beginning farmers learn the business. Researchers from the …

Soybean Management For Seed Composition: The Perspective Of U.S. Farmers, Andre F. Borja Reis, Luiz Rosso, Dan Davidson, Peter Kovacs, Larry C. Purcell, Frederick E. Below, Shaun Casteel, Hans J. Kandel, Seth Naeve, Sotirios V. Archontoulis, Ignacio A. Ciampitti

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] compositional quality is mainly provided by the seed concentration of protein and oil. These traits are critical for sustaining global use, and although there is demand for high protein soybean, no mechanism to differentiate production is in place. At the opposite end of the supply chain, farmers are remunerated on a mass basis without having any incentive regarding seed composition. This study evaluated farmers' perspectives and knowledge on soybean quality and their propensity to adopt quality improvement technologies. Farmers from the main U.S. producing regions (n = 271) were investigated with a …

Increased Signal-To-Noise Ratios Within Experimental Field Trials By Regressing Spatially Distributed Soil Properties As Principal Components, Jeffrey C. Berry, Mingsheng Qi, Balasaheb V. Sonawane, Amy Sheflin, Asaph Cousins, Jessica Prenni, Daniel P. Schachtman, Peng Liu, Rebecca S. Bart

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Environmental variability poses a major challenge to any field study. Researchers attempt to mitigate this challenge through replication. Thus, the ability to detect experimental signals is deter-mined by the degree of replication and the amount of environmental variation, noise, within the experimental system. A major source of noise in field studies comes from the natural heterogeneity of soil properties which create microtreatments throughout the field. In addition, the variation within different soil properties is often nonrandomly distributed across a field. We explore this challenge through a sorghum field trial dataset with accompanying plant, microbiome, and soil property data. Diverse sorghum …

Expression Of Atwri1 And Atdgat1 During Soybean Embryo Development Influences Oil And Carbohydrate Metabolism, Cintia Lucía Arias, Truyen Quach, Tu Huynh, Hanh Nguyen, Ademar Moretti, Yu Shi, Ming Guo, Amira Rasoul, Kyujung Van, Leah Mchale, Thomas E. Clemente, Ana Paula Alonso, Chi Zhang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean oil is one of the most consumed vegetable oils worldwide. Genetic improvement of its concentration in seeds has been historically pursued due to its direct association with its market value. Engineering attempts aiming to increase soybean seed oil presented different degrees of success that varied with the genetic design and the specific variety considered. Understanding the embryo’s responses to the genetic modifications introduced, is a critical step to successful approaches. In this work, the metabolic and transcriptional responses to AtWRI1 and AtDGAT1 expression in soybean seeds were evaluated. AtWRI1 is a master regulator of fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis, and …

The Impact Of Steam-Flaked Rye Replacing Steam-Flaked Corn On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Yearling Steers And The Effect Of Exogenous Megasphaera Elsdenii Administration Techniques On Ruminal Fermentation And Blood Parameters In An Acidosis Challenge Model, Samantha K. Wagner

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A feedlot study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing steam-flaked corn (SFC) with steam-flaked rye (SFR) in the diets of yearling steers (Exp. 1). A separate study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three different administration techniques of Megasphaera elsdenii NCIMB 41125 on rumen fermentation and blood parameters in an acidosis challenge model (Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, SFC was replaced with SFR to create four different treatments, each differing in the ratio of SFC:SFR. The four treatments were 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, and 100:0 SFR:SFC (as a percentage of the grain inclusion). Increasing inclusions of SFR resulted …

Effect Of A Commonly Used Veterinary Antibiotic On Oxidative Stress And Root Transporters Of Edible Legumes And Leafy Crops, Safaa Nassar, Jamilah Borjac

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

Antibiotic accumulation in soil and plants is a rising problem in agriculture creating a serious threat to living organisms in the environment, hence needing huge attention. To this end, glasshouse pot experiments were conducted to simulate contamination by veterinary antibiotic at 150 mg kg^-1 and 4800 mg kg^-1 in a virgin soil in which lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), arugula (Eruca sativa Mill.) and cress (Lepidium sativum L.) were grown, aiming at evaluating the potential toxicity of antibiotic in plants roots during their growth period. Biomarkers of toxicity such as malondialdehyde and proline …

Farmer-Led Small-Scale Irrigation Systems Management In Highland Vegetable Farming In The Cordillera Region, Philippines, Cheryll C. Launio, Marivic O. Abyado

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

Much has been said about large-scale and pump irrigation systems but not much published research is available on small-scale farmer-led irrigation systems supporting highland farming. This study described the management of irrigation sources and farmer-led irrigation systems, and conveyance and distribution technologies supporting highland farming. Data were based on FGDs in 30 barangays and a survey of 279 farmers in three highland provinces. Findings show that 91% of farmers use irrigation from springs, rivers, and creeks; 70% of the conveyance and distribution facilities are farmer-initiated and managed, and micro-irrigation technologies such as sprinklers and drip irrigation are accessible. National irrigation …

Cloning, Expression And Catalytic Function Analysis Of Chitinase From Streptomyces Diastaticus, Li Qin, Wang Li-Mei, Qi Bin

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study focused on improving the production of chitosan oligosaccharides by chitinase degradation of chitin. Methods: Using genetic engineering methods to clone, prokaryotic expressing, and investigating enzymatic properties of the chitinase from Streptomyces diastaticus, and the chitinase activity was explored by homology modeling, amino acid comparison of the catalytic domain, and site-directed mutagenesis. Results: After cloning and prokaryotic expression, the enzyme production cycle was shortened from 7 d to 24 h, and the enzyme activity reached 132 U/L, which was 32% higher than the original bacterial enzyme activity (100 U/L). The amino acids that determine the activity of chitinase …

Effects Of Different Particle Sizes Of Finger Millet On The Quality, Antioxidant Ability And In Vitro Digestibility Of Wheat Bread, Xiao Pan-Fei, Xie Hua, Tao Xiao-Han, Luo Yi-Ni, Tang Yu-Hua, Li Chi-Ling

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to exploit the functional bread of finger millet. Methods: Based on the physical and chemical properties, antioxidant capacity, special digestion characteristics and sensory evaluation of bread, the effects of different particle sizes of finger millet flour on the characteristics of wheat bread were investigated. Results: Compared with the bread without finger millet powder, the bread with 200 mesh finger millet powder increased the total phenol content by 225.78%, the DPPH radical scavenging rate by 42.96% and the iron ion reduction ability by 22.97%. The finger millet powder with smaller particle size showed stronger anti-oxidation ability. Moreover, …

The Development Experience Of Front Of Package Food Warning Labeling In Chile And Its Enlightenments To China, Huang Ze-Ying

Food and Machinery

The study collected materials about front of package food warning labeling from the official website of the Chile Ministry of Health and literatures. Successful experience was summarized from the implementation background, algorithm, and implementation effect of warning labels, comparison of warning labels in other countries, and comparison with other front of package labels. And then several enlightenments were provided to optimize the front of package labeling in China.

Effects Of Natural Compound Preservative And Its Vacuum Synergy On The Shelf Life Of Pre-Conditioned Pork Filling Stuffing, Liu Ping-Yun, Wang Jun-Ru, Ding Yi-Dan, Zhang Gen-Sheng

Food and Machinery

Objective: To study the effect of food preservatives on the freshness of pre-conditioned pork filling stuffing and to solve the problem of easy spoilage and very short shelf life of pre-conditioned pork filling stuffing. Methods: The changes of physicochemical and microbiological indexes of the pre-conditioned pork filling treated with vacuum-packed co-combination preservatives during storage were determined using the total number of colonies or TBA values as evaluation criteria. Results: The optimal ratio of preservatives were as followed: 0.049% nisin, 0.207% D-isoascorbate sodium, 0.029% rosemary extract. Vacuum-packed synergistic compounding preservative treatment can effectively delay the changes of total bacterial colony, …

Effect Of Chitosan On The Waterless Preservation Of Urechis Unicinctus, Li Zhong-Kun, Li Zi-Xuan, Liu Chen-Hao, Liu Chun-E

Food and Machinery

Objective: The aim of the study was to decrease the transportation cost while reducing the nutrition loss of Urechis unicinctus. Methods: Chitosan was used for pretreatment of Urechis unicinctus, and the changes of the main nutritional and physiological indexes of the three groups i.e., control group, after waterless preservation group and recovered group, were measured. Results: The optimal concentration of chitosan was 3 g/L. After being pretreated by chitosan, the survival rate of Urechis unicinctus could reach 67% after 64 h of waterless preservation. The survival rate, muscle glycogen, water holding capacity of the experimental group were all …

Optimization Of Preparation Technology Of Ovalbumin-Peptide By Complex Enzyme And Its Antialcoholic Effect, Qi Xing-Yu, Yan Xiao-Juan, Zhang Hai-Yue

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to verify the antialcoholic activity of ovalbumin peptide and improve the added value of egg products. Methods: Ovalbumin was hydrolyzed by alkaline protease and trypsin. The activity rate of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was taken as index, and the enzymolysis process was optimized by response surface methodology. The total antioxidant activity, hydrolysis degree, amino acid composition and relative molecular weight of ovalbumin peptide were determined to evaluate the antialcoholic effect of ovalbumin peptide. Results: The optimum enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were as follows. Under the conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis time 5 h, dosage of complex enzyme 3 100 …

Optimization Of Process Parameters And Antioxidant Activity Of Purslane Compound Rice, Qi Jia-Hui, Chen Shan-Feng, Yan Yu-Hong, Han Feng, Liu Xin-Hua, Li Rui-Hong

Food and Machinery

Objective: Preparation of Portulaca oleracea compound rice with antioxidant properties. Methods: Broken rice flour is the main raw material and Portulaca oleracea L. was the auxiliary material. On the basis of single factor experiment, response surface experiment was designed with comprehensive score, and the technological parameters of screw speed, barrel temperature, purslane addition and feed moisture, and the antioxidant characteristics of compound rice were detected by the clearance of DPPH and ABTS. Results: The results showed that the optimal formula for preparing purslane compound rice was the follow: The screw speed was 140 r/min, barrel temperature was 120 ℃, purslane …

Research Progress On Extraction, Purification, Analysis And Biological Activity Of Polysaccharides From Opuntia Dillenii Haw., Yang Yan, Zhou Xin, Chen Hua-Guo

Food and Machinery

In this review, the extraction, purification, structural characterization and bioactivity of polysaccharides from Opuntia dillenii Haw. were summarized. This review provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth development and utilization of the polysaccharides.

The Research On Detection Methods For Fat In The Fermented Milk Added With The Cmc-Na, Liu Fang-Fang, Xue Min-Min, Wu Qian, Peng Cheng-Cheng, Deng Ling-Yun

Food and Machinery

Objective: Improving the accuracy of the determination of fat in CMC-Na fermented milk. Methods: The national standard method-alkali hydrolysis method was used to determine the fat contained in CMC-Na fermented milk. By optimizing the key parameters in the alkali hydrolysis method, hydrolysis of hydrolysis instead of ammonia hydrolysis, and adding metal ions to the alkali hydrolysis method, the suitable fat containing CMC-Na fermented milk was explored. Results: ① With the increase of CMC-Na content, the lower the fat result in CMC-Na fermented milk measured by alkaline hydrolysis; ② The change of the four key conditions, such as the ammonia volume, …

Structural Characteristics Of Polysaccharides From Lactarius Hatsudake And Its Effect On Intestinal Flora, Zhang Xin-Fang, Cheng Meng-Ya, Yang Qiao, Chang Song-Lin, Ren Jia-Li

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of Lactarius hatsudake polysaccharide on intestinal flora. Methods: LHP was extracted from L. hatsudake by hot water. LHP-1 and LHP-2 were further purified and characterized. The effects of LHPs on body weight and intestinal microbiome composition were studied in antibiotic-induced mice. Results: LHP-1 was mainly composed of mannose, glucose and galactose. The molar mass ratio of LHP-1 was 3.44∶61.10∶1.22. LHP-2 is mainly composed of mannose and glucose, with a molar mass ratio of 3.84∶153.00. It has a "neuronal" structure and a chain structure region. LHP intervention can restore the structure and …

Optimizations Of Extraction And Separation Process Of Saponins And In Vitro Antioxidant Activity From The Female Gonad Of Apostichopus Japonicus, Zhong Jing-Shi, Zhang Jian, Liu Fang, Wang Gong-Ming, Wang Yi-Xin

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology and HSCCC separation process of saponins from the female gonad of Apostichopus japonicus and to explore their antioxidant activities. Methods: Extraction time, ethanol concentration, ultrasonic time, and solid-to-solvent ratio as the influencing factors were considered in this study, and the extraction process of saponin was optimized using the response surface methodology. The ratio of solvent systems, the volume flow of mobile phases, and the rotation speeds of HSCCC were optimized. The DPPH radical and ABTS radical scavenging experiments were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the crude extracts and …

Research Progress On Functional Properties Of Plant Essential Oils And Their Applications In Fresh Keeping Of Fruits And Vegetables, Rong Pei-Xiu, He Xiao-Qin, Wang Jin-Qiu, Gan Ren-You

Food and Machinery

The extraction technologies of plant essential oils were briefly summarized, and the functional characteristics of plant essential oils and the different application forms of plant essential oils in the preservation of fruits and vegetables were emphatically reviewed, including the essential oils nanocrystallization, the essential oils microencapsulation, and the essential oils combining with physical technologies and so on. This review could provide a theoretical basis for the further application of plant essential oils in the preservation of fruits and vegetables in the future.

Research Progress In Physicochemical Properties And Modification Methods Of Dietary Fiber, Chen Si-Yu, Jiao Ye, Cui Bo, Fang Fang, Yang Jing-Jie, Cheng Yun-Hui

Food and Machinery

This review introduced the classification, structure and physical and chemical properties of dietary fiber, and summarized the relevant research literature on the modification methods and physicochemical properties of dietary fiber at home and abroad in recent years. The development direction of the physicochemical properties of dietary fiber and its modification methods were also prospected, in order to provide a theoretical reference for its efficient and comprehensive utilization.

A Comprehensive Review On Impact Of Microorganisms On Soil And Plant, Tasaddaq Younas, Muhammad Umer, Aqarab Husnain Gondal, Huma Aziz, Muhammad Shehzad Khan, Abdul Jabbar, Haroon Shahzad, Nadia Masaya Panduro-Tenazoa, Muhammad Jamil, Franklin Ore Areche

Journal of Bioresource Management

Soils have the most diversified microbial communities of any environment on the planet. Bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa are all found in abundance in soil. Maintaining a healthy environment for crops requires a strong link between plants and soil microorganisms that are essential for good crop development. Soil bacteria are key regulators of the nutrient cycle. Mineralization, legume nitrogen fixation, and ammonia conversion to plant-available nitrate would all be impossible without bacteria. Effective microorganisms have the ability to boost crop growth and yield. When used in conjunction with organic amendments, these bacteria performs better than to the sole application. It …

Efficacy Of Insecticides Against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) In Maize, Fawzan Masood Mian, Imtiaz Khan, Najeeb Ullah, Aqarab Husnain Gondal, Muhamad Saqib Ajmal, Muhammad Sajid Qureshi, Adnan Ihsan, Muhammad Raziq, Imran Qazi, Abdul Jabbar

Journal of Bioresource Management

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is most destructive specie of genus Spodoptera for several agricultural crops. In Pakistan's Sindh province, the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda was first documented causing serious maize damage in 2019. There is need to develop management strategies against this pest in the country. The current study was conducted to check the toxicity of different insecticides against FAW in maize field. The results showed among tested insecticides, deltamethrin was recorded most toxic insecticide followed by chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate. At 1d days after first spray, least number of larvae were recorded with deltamethrin (0.07 …