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Bulletin No. 384 - Virus And Viruslike Diseases Of Stone Fruits In Utah: A Handbook For Their Identification And Control, B. L. Richards, L. C. Cochran

UAES Bulletins

Intensive research over the last 20 years has shown that many of the previously unexplained and seemingly mysterious disorders of stone fruit trees in Utah are infectious diseases caused by viruses. Others were shown to be the result of noninfectious genetic abnormalities or of adverse chemical and physical factors in the environment of the plant. The purpose of this handbook is to help orchardists and others recognize these diseases and disorders and understand better their etiology or cause. The handbook will also bring together basic information which will aid in their control.

Bulletin No. 377 - Performance Testing Studies With Beef Cattle, James A. Bennett, Doyle J. Matthews

UAES Bulletins

The goal in beef cattle breeding is the production of animals that make rapid and efficient gains and have desirable conformation. Performance testing has recently been advanced as a means of identifying individuals possessing superior productive qualities and as a means of evaluating sires for transmitting these qualities to their offspring. This report gives the results of performance tests conducted with Hereford and Shorthorn calves fed over a constant time period as well as the results of a supplemental study undertaken to gain information that might add refinement to the evaluation of gains in beef cattle.

Bulletin No. 374 - Fertilizer Reuirements Of Alfalfa Hay In Utah, R. F. Nielson, J. P. Thorne, G. T. Baird

UAES Bulletins

This bulletin is a report of one phase of research in agronomy. What is agronomy? Agronomy is the science of crop production and soil management and includes a scientific study of all phases of soils and soil conservation, irrigation practices, fertilizer usage, crop rotations, plant breeding, selection and management of new crop varieties, weed control, and other practices that lead to increased production of better quality crops.

Bulletin No. 373 - Biennial Report Of The Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, 1952-1954

UAES Bulletins

Our way of life is based on the ability of our agriculture to produce abundantly, efficiently, and at a low cost; and the position of agriculture today is largely a result of the research efforts of the state agricultural experiment stations and the United States Department of Agriculture. In the 66 years since the establishment of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, its scientists have found solutions to many of the problems peculiar to its location, topography, and climate. It is logical to rely on these same research forces to solve the problems of the future.

During the past biennium a …

Bulletin No. 372 - The Nutritive Value Of Winter Range Plants In The Great Basin As Determined With Digestion Trials With Sheep, C. W. Cook, L. A. Stoddart, L. E. Harris

UAES Bulletins

During the winter grazing seasons from 1946 to 1953, studies were carried on throughout the desert ranges of western Utah to determine nutritive content and digestibility of range forage plants.

These desert areas receive about 7 inches of precipitation annually and the vegetation consists, chiefly, of saltbush and sagebrush types.

The average floral composition of the desert areas studied was about 74 percent browse, 25 percent grass, and 1 percent forbs. However, on some areas there was more grass than browse and, on still others, large quantities of forbs were present, primarily Russian-thistle.

Digestion trials were carried out under normal …

Bulletin No. 367 - Hybrid Corn Tests In Utah, Rollo W. Woodward, Rex F. Nielson

UAES Bulletins

The last summary of recommended corn hybrids published from this station was in 1939. Since that time there ha been a complete change of corn hybrid being tested and a considerable increase in both acreage and yield throughout the state. Corn used a silage is one of the most productive feed crop that can be grown on the irrigated land of the state. Under favorable moisture and fertility condition , hybrid corn can give outstanding yield of shelled corn per acre. At the present time only about one-sixth of the total corn acreage is devoted to grain, the bulk being …

Bulletin No. 362 - Sugar Beet Yield And Quality As Affected By Plan Population, Soil Moisture Condition, And Fertilization, Jay L. Haddock

UAES Bulletins

In 1605 Oliver de Serres, French agronomist, observed that beets contained sugar-and in 1750 Andrew Marggraf, a German physicist, obtained sugar crystals from beets. It was more than 100 years from Marggraf's discovery until the first successful beet sugar factory was developed in the United States at Alvarado, California, in 1870. Since that time beet sugar has become increasingly more important in our national economy. At present continental United States produces a third of her sugar requirements, 70 to 80 percent of which is from sugar beets. The importance of the sugar beet crop in national and world economy is …

Anther Development In A Male Sterile Line Of Corn, Richard J. Vogl

Bachelors’ Theses

Production of viable pollen through growth and differentiation of the anther appears to depend on the interaction of the tapetum and sporogenous tissue. Very little is known about the nature of this interaction. One way to approach this problem is to study the development of the anther in cases where no viable pollen grains are produced. Highly inbred lines of male sterile corn which are completely pollen sterile have been obtained and are available for study.

Bulletin No. 360 - The Effects Of Fertilizer And Moisture On The Growth And Yield Of Sweet Corn, H. B. Peterson, J. C. Ballard

UAES Bulletins

Sweet corn is becoming an important cash crop in many of the irrigated valleys of the Intermountain West. There are a number of factors that influence the yield of this crop, two of which are soil fertility and moisture. A number of investigations have been conducted where the effects of fertilizer have been measured, and the results of these investigations have been highly variable. In general, however, lack of nitrogen has been a major factor limiting yield.

Bulletin No. 357 - Biennial Report, 1950-1952, R. H. Walker, D. A. Broadbent

UAES Bulletins

For sixty-four years the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station has been studying the problems of the farmer to make life on the farm more profitable and more enjoyable and in turn to improve the economy of the entire state. From the laboratories and from the experimental farms have come research results that have and will continue to mean dollars and cents to the farmer and increased prosperity to the state. Here are a few brief statements of some of the results of the work during the past two years.

Bulletin No. 347 - The Life History And Management Of The Mountain Whitefish Prosopium Williamsoni (Girard) In Logan River Utah, William F. Sigler

UAES Bulletins

In 1948 a comprehensive fishery investigation on Logan River was initiated by the Department of Wildlife Management, Utah State Agricultural College, and the Utah Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit. Three masters' theses have been completed on life histories and populations to date (Thoreson, 1949; Fleener, 1950; Pechacek, 1950). One phase of this investigation is a study of the mountain whitefish Prosopium williamsoni (Girard).

Bulletin No. 344 - The Nutritive Value Of Range Forage As Affected By Vegetation Type, Site, And State Of Maturity, C. Wayne Cook, Lorin E. Harris

UAES Bulletins

Native ranges of Utah are extremely heterogeneous. Pronounced variations exist in soil, seasonal rainfall, temperatures, and altitude on most grazing areas. Rough topography and micro-climates on even individual grazing allotments present variable vegetation types and site conditions. Such variations account for the comparatively large number of species and variable nutritive content found in range forage.

Bulletin No. 341 - Rambouillet And Columbia-Rambouillet Lambs On The Range And In The Feed Lot, T. Donald Bell, Milton A. Madsen, James A. Bennett, Louis L. Madsen, D. Clarence Schmultz

UAES Bulletins

Sheep of predominately Rambouillet breeding have been most popular on southern Utah ranges because of their hardiness and wool-producing ability. In the early years of sheep production in Utah a major portion of the income was derived from the sale of wool. This situation has gradually changed over the past years and now income from the sale of lambs is greater than that from fleeces. Rambouillet rams with improved mutton qualities have been used by some range operators to increase the mutton producing abilities of their ewes. Other operators have used Corriedale, Panama, Columbia, and other white faced crossbred-type rams …

Bulletin No. 338 - Nutrient Deficiencies In Utah Orchards, D. W. Thorne, F. B. Wann

UAES Bulletins

When farm products are sold, some of the essential part of the soil are also marketed. If this process is continued, the soil may be eventually impoverished to the point where it cannot support high crop yields. In addition to direct soil depletion, unbalanced soil management practices may produce soil conditions that prevent or limit the uptake of certain elements by plants even though there may be enough total supply of the elements present to last hundreds or even thousands of years.

Both processes have been going on in many Utah orchards. Sale of fruit has gradually depleted the soil. …

Bulletin No. 342 - The Nutritive Content Of The Grazing Sheep's Diet On Summer And Winter Ranges Of Utah, C. Wayne Cook, Lorin E. Harris

UAES Bulletins

Approximately two million sheep graze the native ranges of Utah each year. These animals are on the range most of the year and their food supply must come from range plants as they are normally selected. The nutritive value of range forage is often borderline or deficient in essential nutrients, yet, sufficiently adequate to prevent obvious physiological disorders. These mild deficiencies may affect the productive efficiency of the animal even though no symptoms are apparent.

Bulletin No. 337 - The Vitamin Content Of Peas As Influenced By Maturity, Fertilizers, And Variety, Ethelwyn B. Wilcox, Katharine E. Morrell

UAES Bulletins

No abstract provided.

Bulletin No. 336 - Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Biennial Report, 1946-1948, R. H. Walker

UAES Bulletins

During the past biennium there has been a general expansion in the research program of the Agricultural Experiment Station. This was made possible through increased state legislative appropriation and through federal funds made available by the Agricultural Research and Marketing Act which passed Congress in August 1946, although funds were not available until August 1947. Grants-in-aid by state and private agencies have also made other research possible.

Bulletin No. 330 - Peach Orchard Soil Mangement Studies, A. L. Stark, D. W. Thorne

UAES Bulletins

Peaches are the most important fruit crop in Utah. The total number of peach trees is greater and the volume of fruit produced for market is larger than of any other fruit. Most of the peaches are produced by a large number of growers who have small plantings. These small orchards contribute substantially to the total income of the growers and it is, therefore, important that maximum yields of high quality fruit be obtained from limited acreage.

A survey of the fruit production problems in Utah reported in 1938 (13) indicated that poor soil management practices were important in contributing …

Bulletin No. 327 - Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Biennial Report, 1944-1946, R. H. Walker

UAES Bulletins

During the past biennium there has been a general expansion in the research program of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station. Although some of the investigations were curtailed by lack of personnel and equipment and the pressure of wartime assignments, many of the staff were able to devote more time to research because of a lessening of the teaching load at the College. The emergency caused a re-examination of the research program, old projects, no longer urgent were weeded out, others were revised to meet the needs of the changing times, and many new projects were initiated to extend the research …

Bulletin No. 324 - Some Physical And Chemical Responses Of Agropyron Spicatum To Herbage Removal At Various Seasons, L. A. Stoddart

UAES Bulletins

Management of arid western ranges must be based upon the physiology of the individual plants which constitute the range. Too little is known of the ability of range plants to continue normal functioning under stress of grazing. Grazing doubtless has some beneficial influences in arid climates because it reduces transpiring surface. Possibly "pruning" has some stimulating effect, especially upon shrubs, and also, grazing animals plant seeds through trampling action. Despite these possible benefits, both trampling and removal of herbage by grazing must be .regarded as fundamentally detrimental to the welfare of plants, especially in arid climates. Trampling, especially on wet …

Bulletin No. 317 - Range Lands Of Utah County And Their Utilization, L. A. Stoddart

UAES Bulletins

Utah County, comprising about 1,394,760 acres, lies in the north central part of Utah immediately west of the precipitous Wasatch Mountains. These mountains, which occupy about the eastern half of the county, vary in elevation from 4,700 feet at the bench lands to 9,000 and 10,000 feet. Extreme elevations of 12,000 feet are found on the highest peaks. The western half of the county, although broken by small mountain ranges, is much more level, lower in elevation, and more arid. Whereas the mountainous eastern parts of the county are marked by higher precipitation and, consequently by relatively dense vegetation, mostly …

Bulletin No. 316 - Marketing Fruits And Vegetables In Utah, W. Preston Thomas, George T. Blanch

UAES Bulletins

During the period from 1920 to 1941 the fruit industry in Utah and other areas or the west went through a period of adjustment. Previous to and during World War I, growers received high prices for fruit which resulted in increased production. However, following the sudden drop in prices of 1920, fruit growers had a hard time to market the large tonnage produced. Returns were low. During this period keen competition for the sale of fruits developed between individual growers and various producing areas. Although the problems of adjustment were severe in most fruit areas of the west, the marketing …

Bulletin No. 315 - Biennial Report, 1942-1944

UAES Bulletins

The war years have made new demands on Station personnel and facilities. With fewer staff members and less adequate equipment the Station has not only carried on the regular project work, but the research program has been expanded, and numerous activities resulting from the emergency have been assumed.

The Station has taken a leading place in the victory food production program. Each year it has assumed the lead in a study of the wartime agricultural production capacity of the state and desirable crop and livestock adjustments studying all the agricultural assets and the ability to produce various crops.

As a …

Bulletin No. 314 - Gains Made By Cattle On Summer Range In Northern Utah, L. A. Stoddart

UAES Bulletins

The Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, in 1934, began experimental studies on the grazing of beef steers on mountainous summer range lands. Although the direct purpose of this work was to find whether supplementing phosphorus in the diet of grazing steers would increase their gains, many incidental observations proved of great interest. Among the most significant were the distribution and extent of weight gains through the summer grazing season and the effects of various factors such as weather upon the gains, causing them to vary greatly from year to year.

Bulletin No. 307 - Skin Folds In Sheep, Milton A. Madsen, Alma C. Esplin, Ralph W. Phillips

UAES Bulletins

Sheep vary greatly, even within breeds, in the number and size of folds in the skin. At one time producers were emphasizing the importance of having a large number of skin folds in fine wool sheep such as the Merino and Rambouillet. This was based on the belief that skin folds were associated with high yields of grease wool and fineness of wool fibers. In recent years the trend has been toward a smoother bodied sheep with longer staple and less grease in the fleece.

The objects of this bulletin are to present a review of the available information concerning …

Bulletin No. 305 - The Composition Of Sumer Range Plants In Utah, L. A. Stoddart, J. E. Greaves

UAES Bulletins

In Utah, a vast industry of livestock grazing, which is the backbone of the state's agriculture, has arisen during the past 75 years. Range land furnishes between 6 and 7 million animal unit months of forage to some 2 1/2 million sheep and 275 thousand range cattle. Income from meat, wool, and range livestock sales in Utah is about $15,801,500 annually, of which $11,700,000 is calculated to be obtained from range lands exclusive of cultivated pastures.

These range lands can be used economically in no other way than by grazing livestock and, because of heavy winter snows and protracted dry …

Bulletin No. 302 - Nutritional Inadequacy Of Beet Molasses Rations For Swine, Russel A. Rasmussen, Harry H. Smith, Ralph W. Phillips, Ton J. Cunha

UAES Bulletins

The feeding of large amounts of beet molasses to young hogs causes a condition that is characterized by a wobbly gait, and that is frequently fatal. Hog raisers have apparently recognized this condition for a number of years, since a number of farmers have reported it in their animals. Some farmers have also reported breeding failures and abortions when beet molasses was fed to brood sows. Consequently, beet molasses has not been considered a good hog feed by Utah raisers.

Beet molasses is a relatively cheap source of carbohydrates and could be used advantageously in pork production if the cause …

A Study Of Origins And Ecological Features Of Hardy, Cultivated, Herbaceous Plants Of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Dorothy Elaine Witheck

Bachelors’ Theses

Gardeners have always been interested in herbaceous plants, chiefly because of their beauty and usefulness. As a result of the great popularity, a large number of attractive varieties have been produced through centuries of' cultivation, selection and breeding. Very early agricultural and medical demands stimulated an interest in the plants, and as early as 372-287 B.C. Theophrastus, a pupil of Aristotle, described about 460 cultivated plants and classified them as herbs, undershrubs, shrubs and trees. Much of the work accomplished by the ancient Greeks was lost and it was not until the sixteenth century that renewed enthusiasm for the study …

Bulletin No. 306 - Report Of The Agricultural Experiment Station Utah State Agricultural College, Logan, R. H. Walker

UAES Bulletins

The agricultural experiment stations have contributed in a very material way to the progress of agriculture in the United States not only by the development of better crops and livestock and production practices, but, through basic research on the many and varied problems of agriculture, they have furnished an understanding of those principles upon which progress must depend.

The permanent value of these research centers to the progress of agriculture is no better illustrated than in the present emergency. The ability of farmers to meet the tremendous additional contributions to defense in the way of increased food supplies is dependent …

Bulletin No. 299 - Control Of Chlorisis In American Grapes, F. B. Wann

UAES Bulletins

The production of grapes is not a major agricultural industry in Utah, but in some areas of the state the crop is an important adjunct to the general fruit farm. This is particularly true in Washington County where European (vinifera) varieties are grown with considerable success, and in the north central counties where American (labrusca) varieties, especially Concord, are grown for the local markets. In this latter area the nutritional disease, chlorosis, is probably the most serious difficulty encountered in the development of a successful vineyard.