Urban Studies and Planning Commons^™

Residential Segregation, Housing Submarkets, And Spatial Analysis: St. Louis And Cincinnati As A Case Study, Sungsoon Hwang

Sungsoon Hwang

This paper considers how spatial analysis of housing submarkets can advance research into residential segregation. While an emphasis on housing submarkets has been proposed as a new construct for modeling housing prices, its use in analyzing residential segregation has been limited. Recent advances in spatial analysis and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) present new opportunities for researchers to exploit the potential of housing submarkets as constructs that offer a more precise way to examine residential segregation. The paper synthesizes literature related to residential segregation and housing submarkets, and demonstrates how to delineate housing submarkets using publicly available data. It examines the …

A Tale Of Two Cities: Residential Segregation In St. Louis And Cincinnati, Sungsoon Hwang

Sungsoon Hwang

This chapter explores spatial patterns and processes of residential segregation in St. Louis and Cincinnati using spatial analytical methods. Mapping Blacks by the location quotient and local Moran’s I shows that Blacks are more spatially clustered in St. Louis, and are more concentrated in Cincinnati. Spatial housing submarkets, local market segments with the distinct preference structure, are delineated using multivariate techniques; results demonstrate that St. Louis has more divided and polarized housing markets than Cincinnati. Spatially varying impacts of factors underlying housing market segmentation were examined using geographically weighted regression. It was shown that a premium for life cycle (or …

Conceptual Framework For Using Gis In Building Community Capital Towards Sustainability, Sungsoon Hwang

Sungsoon Hwang

Sustainability—balancing fundamental human needs with ecological resilience—has been embraced as an overarching policy goal. And communities have been called to participate in the process of attaining that ideal. Community-based organizations (CBOs) can benefit from using GIS in building community assets and developing sustainability initiatives. However, GIS, has not been used widely for these purposes in CBOs yet. In this chapter, I illustrate how geographic information (such as maps) can be useful in community development drawing from community GIS projects, and explain how theories of sustainability and spatial thinking can be utilized in community-based efforts towards sustainability. CBOs can monitor and …

Potential Of Spatial Analysis Of Housing Submarkets In Understanding Residential Segregation, Sungsoon Hwang

Sungsoon Hwang

Residential segregation has important implications for social mobility, namely through achievement gap by neighborhoods. The endeavor to unravel processes leading to residential segregation can benefit from empirical analysis of housing submarkets. This paper discusses how spatial analysis of housing submarkets might be useful in exploring patterns and processes of residential segregation. As a case study, housing submarkets in St. Louis and Cincinnati are empirically delineated using fuzzy clustering, and differences in spatial pattern of residential segregation in these two metropoiltan areas are discussed.

Influence Of Job Accessibility On Housing Market Processes: Study Of Spatial Stationarity In The Buffalo And Seattle Metropolitan Areas, Sungsoon Hwang, Jean-Claude Thill

Sungsoon Hwang

Using Fuzzy Clustering Methods For Delineating Urban Housing Submarkets, Sungsoon Hwang

Sungsoon Hwang

This study investigates whether a fuzzy clustering method is of any practical value in delineating urban housing submarkets relative to clustering methods based on classic (or crisp) set theory. A fuzzy c-means algorithm is applied to obtain fuzzy set membership degree of census tracts to housing submarkets defined within a metropolitan area. Issues of choosing algorithm parameters are discussed on the basis of applying fuzzy clustering to 85 metropolitan areas in the U.S. The comparison between results of fuzzy clustering and those of crisp set counterpart shows that fuzzy clustering yields statistically more desirable clusters.

Extending Spatial Hot Spot Detection Techniques To Temporal Dimensions, Sungsoon Hwang

Sungsoon Hwang

This paper presents how hot spot detection methods can be extended to allow for temporal dimensions. Major concerns are how temporal dimension is incorporated into the framework of point pattern analysis, while maintaining the capability of multi-scale analysis. The study elaborates on expanding the scope of (space) K function in order to count time in the analysis. With the explicit treatment of time as well as space, K function falls into three category depending on the way space and time are controlled; (1) space K function, (2) time K function, (3) space-time K function. Space K function is equivalent to …

Air Medical Coverage And The Correlation With Reduced Highway Fatality Rates: Use Of Adams As A Research Tool, Marie Flanigan, Alan Blatt, L Lombardo, D Mancuso, M Miller, D Wiles, H Pirson, Sungsoon Hwang, Jean-Claude Thill, Kevin Majka

Sungsoon Hwang

The Atlas and Database of Air Medical Services (ADAMS) is a web-based, password-protected, geographic information system containing data on air medical service main and satellite base helipads, communication centers, rotorwing aircraft, and major receiving hospitals for trauma in the United States. ADAMS initially was developed to provide the geographic information needed to support realtime, wireless routing of automatic crash notification (ACN) alerts from a crashed motor vehicle to the nearest air medical transport service and trauma center. This coupling of ADAMS and ACN technology to enhance emergency communications is expected to speed delivery of emergency medical care to crash victims …

Empirical Study On Location Indeterminacy Of Localities, Sungsoon Hwang, Jean-Claude Thill

Sungsoon Hwang

It is often the case that locality boundaries are not sharply delineated in our mental maps. This paper examines the level of uncertainty involved in perceiving qualitative boundaries of urban vs. rural localities. To measure location indeterminacy of locality, we begin with modeling locality as fuzzy region or also known as egg-yolk model which is composed of core, boundary, and exterior. The more a specific locality (e.g., Buffalo, Amherst) is geocoded within core, the more locality is location-determinant. 5460 fatal traffic accidents gathered from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) in New York State from year 1996 to 2001 are …