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Full-Text Articles in Urban Studies and Planning

Spatial Equilibrium In The Labor Market, Philip E. Graves Jan 2013

Spatial Equilibrium In The Labor Market, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

The paper discusses two approaches to spatial equilibrium in the labor market. The more traditional approach of labor economics assumes wage differentials represent arbitrageable differences in utility, with implications 1) that migration should be toward higher wage areas and 2) that migration flows will lead to convergence in wages over space. The more recent approach of urban/regional economics follows Roback in examining the implications of assumed equilibrium in utility over space. In this view wage differentials are compensatory (along with rent differentials) for amenity variation over space. The implications for wage convergence over space are complicated, but in general there …


The Hedonic Method Of Valuing Environmental Policies And Quality, Philip E. Graves Jan 2013

The Hedonic Method Of Valuing Environmental Policies And Quality, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

Benefit-cost analysts attempt to compare two states of the world, the status quo and a state in which a policy having benefits and costs is being contemplated. For environmental policies, this comparison is greatly complicated by the difficulty in inferring the values that individuals place on an increment to environmental quality. Unlike ordinary private goods, environmental goods are not directly exchanged in markets with observable prices. In this chapter, the hedonic approach to inferring the benefits of an environmental policy is examined.


Non-Optimal Levels Of Suburbanization, Philip E. Graves Jan 2003

Non-Optimal Levels Of Suburbanization, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

Suburbanization has many causes, among which is the attempt to relocate to acquire a more desirable vector of local public goods. The traditional economists' procedure for valuing public goods involves vertical aggregation of marginal willingness to pay, at a given income level. This approach is flawed by failing to recognize that individuals will not work for goods that cannot be acquired individually with higher incomes. There will be a parallel input market failure any time there is a public good output market failure, thus the `given income' of the traditional valuation method is too low. Hence, traditional valuation methods result …


Examining The Role Of Economic Opportunity And Amenities In Explaining Population Redistribution, Peter R. Mueser, Philip E. Graves Jan 1995

Examining The Role Of Economic Opportunity And Amenities In Explaining Population Redistribution, Peter R. Mueser, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

This paper develops a model of migration integrating equilibrium and disequilibrium components in which individuals and firms form rational expectations about future opportunities. Levels of migration are derived as functions of variations in factors influencing migrant labor demand ("economic opportunity") and migrant labor supply ("residential amenities"). The model is used to estimate the extent to which migration in the United States over the period 1950-1980 is determined by these two classes of exogenous factors.


The Role Of Equilibrium And Disequilibrium In Modeling Regional Growth And Decline: A Critical Reassessment, Philip E. Graves, Peter R. Mueser Jan 1993

The Role Of Equilibrium And Disequilibrium In Modeling Regional Growth And Decline: A Critical Reassessment, Philip E. Graves, Peter R. Mueser

PHILIP E GRAVES

The assumption of interregional equilibrium in migration research has recently been attacked. At issue is the motivation for on-going migration if rents and wages accurately compensate for spatial amenity variations; but if rents and wages fail to accurately compensate potential migrants, then amenity valuations must be flawed. We here show that arguments supporting substantial disequilibrium in the U.S. economy are unconvincing. The substantive issues are then clarified by a model which allows for both equilibrium and disequilibrium migration. We conclude that intertemporally systematic migration stems predominantly from equilibrium forces.


Controlling The Abandonment Of Automobiles: Mandatory Deposits Vs Fines, Dwight Lee, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton Dec 1991

Controlling The Abandonment Of Automobiles: Mandatory Deposits Vs Fines, Dwight Lee, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton

Robert L Sexton

There is no abstract, but the paper describes first-best solutions to the abandonment of automobiles, arguing that litter fines are inefficient with or without a mandatory deposit. However, the latter can generate first-best optimality.


Controlling The Abandonment Of Automobiles: Mandatory Deposits Vs Fines, Dwight Lee, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton Dec 1991

Controlling The Abandonment Of Automobiles: Mandatory Deposits Vs Fines, Dwight Lee, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton

Robert L Sexton

There is no abstract, but the paper describes first-best solutions to the abandonment of automobiles, arguing that litter fines are inefficient with or without a mandatory deposit. However, the latter can generate first-best optimality.


Controlling The Abandonment Of Automobiles: Mandatory Deposits Vs Fines, Dwight Lee, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton Dec 1991

Controlling The Abandonment Of Automobiles: Mandatory Deposits Vs Fines, Dwight Lee, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton

PHILIP E GRAVES

There is no abstract, but the paper describes first-best solutions to the abandonment of automobiles, arguing that litter fines are inefficient with or without a mandatory deposit. However, the latter can generate first-best optimality.


Multimarket Amenity Compensation And The Behavior Of The Elderly, Philip E. Graves, Donald M. Waldman Jan 1991

Multimarket Amenity Compensation And The Behavior Of The Elderly, Philip E. Graves, Donald M. Waldman

PHILIP E GRAVES

There is no abstract for this work.


On The Role Of Amenities In Models Of Migration And Regional Development, Philip E. Graves Jan 1989

On The Role Of Amenities In Models Of Migration And Regional Development, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

See manuscript for full abstract.


Migration With A Composite Amenity: The Role Of Rents, Philip E. Graves Jan 1983

Migration With A Composite Amenity: The Role Of Rents, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

There is no abstract for this work.


Migration And Job Change: A Multinomial Logit Approach (Jue 1983), Peter D. Linneman, Philip E. Graves Jan 1983

Migration And Job Change: A Multinomial Logit Approach (Jue 1983), Peter D. Linneman, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

See paper for the full abstract.


A Life-Cycle Empirical Analysis Of Migration And Climate, By Race (Jue 1979), Philip E. Graves Jan 1979

A Life-Cycle Empirical Analysis Of Migration And Climate, By Race (Jue 1979), Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

There is no abstract for this work.


Household Migration: Theoretical And Empirical Results, Philip E. Graves, Peter D. Linneman Jan 1979

Household Migration: Theoretical And Empirical Results, Philip E. Graves, Peter D. Linneman

PHILIP E GRAVES

See article for detailed abstract.


The Urban Growth Question, Philip E. Graves Jan 1979

The Urban Growth Question, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

City size is controversial...we present a paper that trades off the benefits and the costs of increased size. The issues are inevitably present.