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Full-Text Articles in Urban Studies and Planning
The State-In-Society Approach To Democratization With Examples From Japan, Mary Alice Haddad
The State-In-Society Approach To Democratization With Examples From Japan, Mary Alice Haddad
Mary Alice Haddad
How does an undemocratic country create democratic institutions and transform its polity in such a way that democratic values and practices become integral parts of its political culture? This article uses the case of Japan to advocate for a new theoretical approach to the study of democratization. In particular, it examines how theoretical models based on the European and North American experiences have difficulty explaining the process of democratization in Japan, and argues that a state-in-society approach is better suited to explaining the democratization process diverse cultural contexts. Taking a bottom-up view of recent developments in Japanese civil society through …
From Undemocratic To Democratic Civil Society: Japan's Volunteer Fire Departments, Mary Alice Haddad
From Undemocratic To Democratic Civil Society: Japan's Volunteer Fire Departments, Mary Alice Haddad
Mary Alice Haddad
How do undemocratic civic organizations become compatible with democratic civil society? How do local organizations merge older patriarchal, hierarchical values and practices with newer more egalitarian, democratic ones? This article tells the story of how volunteer fire departments have done this in Japan. Their transformation from centralized war instrument of an authoritarian regime to local community safety organization of a full-fledged democracy did not happen overnight. A slow process of demographic and value changes helped the organization adjust to more democratic social values and practices. The way in which this organization made the transition offers important lessons for emerging democracies …
The Limits And Opportunities Of Networks: Municipalities And Canadian Climate Change Policy, Christopher D. Gore
The Limits And Opportunities Of Networks: Municipalities And Canadian Climate Change Policy, Christopher D. Gore
Christopher D Gore
Research on climate change policy and politics has become increasingly focused on the actions and influence of subnational governments. In North America, this attention has been particularly focused on why subnational governments have taken action in the absence of national leadership, what effect action might have on future national climate policy, and whether the collective action of networks of municipal governments are reshaping and challenging the character of national and global climate governance. This paper examines Canadian municipal climate in light of the absence of a comprehensive and effective climate national strategy. The paper considers various reasons why local governments …
Retos Urbano Ambientales: Disturbio Climático En América Latina Y El Caribe, Clara Irazabal
Retos Urbano Ambientales: Disturbio Climático En América Latina Y El Caribe, Clara Irazabal
Clara Irazabal
Las proyecciones hacia el futuro determinan que podría haber un aumento de hasta 1,7°C de temperatura para el 2050 y hasta 4°C para el final de este siglo, lo que sería catastrófico para la sostenabilidad de vida en el planeta, tal y como la conocemos hoy, Los niveles de aumento del nivel del mar han alcanzado 2 a 3 mm/año desde 1980 en la región. Han sido observados también cambios en los patrones de precipitaciones, con algunas áreas recibiendo más lluvias-sur de Brasil. Paraguay, Uruguay, nordeste de Argentina y noroeste de Perú-y otras con un menor nivel-sur de Chile, suroeste …