Science and Technology Studies Commons^™

Technology Criticism And Data Literacy: The Case For An Augmented Understanding Of Media Literacy, Thomas Knaus

Journal of Media Literacy Education

Reviewing the history of media literacy education might help us to identify how creating media as an approach can contribute to fostering knowledge, understanding technical issues, and to establishing a critical attitude towards technology and data. In a society where digital devices and services are omnipresent and decisions are increasingly based on data, critical analysis must penetrate beyond the “outer shell” of machines – their interfaces – through the technology itself, and the data, and algorithms, which make these devices and services function. Because technology and data constitute the basis of all communication and collaboration, media literate individuals …

Human Supremacy As Posthuman Risk, Daniel Estrada

The Journal of Sociotechnical Critique

Human supremacy is the widely held view that human interests ought to be privileged over other interests as a matter of ethics and public policy. Posthumanism is the historical situation characterized by a critical reevaluation of anthropocentrist theory and practice. This paper draws on animal studies, critical posthumanism, and the critique of ideal theory in Charles Mills and Serene Khader to address the appeal to human supremacist rhetoric in AI ethics and policy discussions, particularly in the work of Joanna Bryson. This analysis identifies a specific risk posed by human supremacist policy in a posthuman context, namely the classification of …

Backing Up Into Advocacy: The Case Of Smartphone Driver Distraction, Robert Rosenberger

The Journal of Sociotechnical Critique

For the last decade, I’ve been studying the topic of the driving impairment of smartphones. While this began as an exclusively academic project, it has increasingly compelled public engagement. One example of this came in an opinion piece I wrote in 2018 in response to a new traffic law. I take the opportunity here to fill out the academic backstory of this particular op-ed, reflect on how this larger project has evolved to include an unanticipated public-facing edge, and abstract some lessons about public writing.

From Protecting To Performing Privacy, Garfield Benjamin

The Journal of Sociotechnical Critique

Privacy is increasingly important in an age of facial recognition technologies, mass data collection, and algorithmic decision-making. Yet it persists as a contested term, a behavioural paradox, and often fails users in practice. This article critiques current methods of thinking privacy in protectionist terms, building on Deleuze's conception of the society of control, through its problematic relation to freedom, property and power. Instead, a new mode of understanding privacy in terms of performativity is provided, drawing on Butler and Sedgwick as well as Cohen and Nissenbaum. This new form of privacy is based on identity, consent and collective action, a …

Space And Defense – Volume Eleven – Number One – Spring 2019, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Nine – Number One – Spring 2016, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Eight – Number One – Spring 2015, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Seven – Number One – Winter 2014, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Six – Number One – Fall 2012, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Five – Number One – Summer 2011, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Four – Number Two – Summer 2010, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Four – Number One – Winter 2010, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Three – Number Two – Fall 2009, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Three – Number One – Summer 2009, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Two – Number Three – Winter 2009, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Two – Number Two – Winter 2008, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume Two – Number One – Winter 2008, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Space And Defense – Volume One – Number One – Fall 2006, Space And Defense Journal

Space and Defense

No abstract provided.

Ontological Boundaries Between Humans And Computers And The Implications For Human-Machine Communication, Andrea L. Guzman

Human-Machine Communication

In human-machine communication, people interact with a communication partner that is of a different ontological nature from themselves. This study examines how people conceptualize ontological differences between humans and computers and the implications of these differences for human-machine communication. Findings based on data from qualitative interviews with 73 U.S. adults regarding disembodied artificial intelligence (AI) technologies (voice-based AI assistants, automated-writing software) show that people differentiate between humans and computers based on origin of being, degree of autonomy, status as tool/tool-user, level of intelligence, emotional capabilities, and inherent flaws. In addition, these ontological boundaries are becoming increasingly blurred as technologies emulate …

Toward An Agent-Agnostic Transmission Model: Synthesizing Anthropocentric And Technocentric Paradigms In Communication, Jaime Banks, Maartje M. A. De Graaf

Human-Machine Communication

Technological and social evolutions have prompted operational, phenomenological, and ontological shifts in communication processes. These shifts, we argue, trigger the need to regard human and machine roles in communication processes in a more egalitarian fashion. Integrating anthropocentric and technocentric perspectives on communication, we propose an agent-agnostic framework for human-machine communication. This framework rejects exclusive assignment of communicative roles (sender, message, channel, receiver) to traditionally held agents and instead focuses on evaluating agents according to their functions as a means for considering what roles are held in communication processes. As a first step in advancing this agent-agnostic perspective, this theoretical paper …

Blockchain Adoption Model For The Global Banking Industry, Zaina Kawasmi, Evans Akwasi Gyasi, Deneise Dadd

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Blockchain has become the new hype term in the business world for the last decade. Due to the new technology’s characteristics and innovative applications, it is being adopted globally in a wide number of industries including the banking industry, yet no adoption model is provided to guide this process. This research aims to contribute to facilitating the successful adoption and implementation of the blockchain new technology in the banking industry. Building on the assumption that the blockchain’s adoption in banking will be directed by the regulations and best practices guidelines of the global banking regulatory bodies and practitioner, this research …

Evaluating Students Information System Success Using Delone And Mclean’S Model: Student’S Perspective, Majaliwa Mkinga, Herman Mandari

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

System success is considered to be an important element in accomplishing the goals of the organization; therefore evaluation of system success needs to be done in order to ensure that investment in Information System is successful. Most of Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) in Tanzania have adopted the use of IS in providing service to their customers. Nevertheless, there is less evidence that system success evaluation has been done in order to identify the desired characteristics which could make IS more effective. Due to that, this study evaluates the effectiveness of Student Information System (SIS) used at the Institute of Finance …

An Integrated View Of Data: Application Of Knowledge Modeling To Data Management, Sung-Kwan Kim, Wenjun Wang

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Data management has become an important challenge. Good data management requires an effective approach to collecting, storing, and accessing data across the enterprise. In this paper, a knowledge modeling approach to data management is introduced with an emphasis on data requirements analysis. A knowledge model can provide a high-level view of organizational data by specifying the structure and relationships of the knowledge contents used in business processes. The proposed knowledge modeling approach is business process oriented and decision oriented. The description of the knowledge contents in the model is based on ontological specification. The model is comprised of five elements: …

Food Printing: Evolving Technologies, Challenges, Opportunities, And Best Adoption Strategies, Sharmin Attarin, Mohsen Attaran

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

3D printing is a process of making three-dimensional objects using additive processes where layers are laid down in succession to create a complete object. Companies across the globe are actively piloting and leveraging the inherent benefits of 3D printing technology. Today, 3D printing can revolutionize food innovation and production through better creativity, customizability, and sustainability. This article highlights 3D printing evolving technologies and trends and identifies its applications and implementation challenges. In this paper, we conducted a literature review to explore 3D printing's current technologies and applications in the food industry, including its advantages, its potential implications, and its obstacles …

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 29 Issue 1, 2020

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of contents

Quantum Computing: Principles And Applications, Yoshito Kanamori, Seong-Moo Yoo

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The development of quantum computers over the past few years is probably one of the significant advancements in the history of quantum computing. D-Wave quantum computer has been available for more than eight years. IBM has made its quantum computer accessible via its cloud service. Also, Microsoft, Google, Intel, and NASA have been heavily investing in the development of quantum computers and their applications. The quantum computer seems to be no longer just for physicists and computer scientists but also for information system researchers. This paper introduces the basic concepts of quantum computing and describes well-known quantum applications for non-physicists. …

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 29 Issue 2, 2020

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of contents

The Impact Of E-Commerce On The Development Of Entrepreneurship In Saudi Arabia, Khulood Al-Mani

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This paper is based on a Ph.D. study investigating the critical challenges facing e-commerce adoption by entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia, identifying the major driving factors, barriers, motivations, perceived advantages, potential problems and some practical solutions as well as future expectations from entrepreneurs’ perspectives. From the study findings, a set of practical recommendations were derived for the government, entrepreneurs and investors in Saudi Arabia to consider, to promote ecommerce entrepreneurship in the county.

The research was undertaken using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques involved in-depth, semi-structured interviews, with (1) e-commerce entrepreneurs, and (2) government authorities, educational initiatives and private support …

Digital Technologies As Antecedents To Process Integration And Dynamic Capabilities In Healthcare: An Empirical Investigation, Tulika Chakravorty, Karunakar Jha, Sunil Barthwal, Samyadip Chakraborty

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Healthcare has been in focus over the past decade due to its criticality and continuous revolution. In this digital era, with the advent of various technologies, healthcare is undergoing a massive transformation. This study attempts to analyze the impacts of three major digital technologies which are being adopted in the healthcare sector which are electronic medical records (EMR), enterprise resource planning (ERP) and internet-of-things (IoT) enabled medical wearables in the hospital context. Focusing towards analyzing the impact of these technologies towards process-integration and further towards dynamic capabilities like quality, agility and responsiveness; the study framework is well-grounded by two theoretical-underpinnings …

Determinants Of Startup Funding: The Interaction Between Web Attention And Culture, Jie Ren, Viju Raghupathi, Wullianallur Raghupathi

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Technology empowers entrepreneurs to pursue alternative funding through platforms like crowdfunding. This research explores significant startup funding factors using Crunchbase. Controlling for common factors (acquisition/funding-rounds/IPO), the research uniquely focuses on web attention - the visibility on social media - and its impact on funding. It also examines the moderating influence of startup’s home country culture (individualism/collectivism). Findings show stronger positive impact of web attention on startup funding for collectivist countries. While individualistic investors value personal goals, collectivists value collaborative goals - inclinations that align with crowdfunding behavior. Therefore while increasing web attention, crowdfunding efforts can be targeted towards collectivist countries.