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Articles 1 - 30 of 86
Full-Text Articles in Science and Technology Studies
Investigation On Welding Arc Interruptions In The Presence Of Magnetic Fields: Arc Length, Torch Angle And Current Pulsing Frequency Influence, Ruham Reis, Americo Scotti, John Norrish, Dominic Cuiuri
Investigation On Welding Arc Interruptions In The Presence Of Magnetic Fields: Arc Length, Torch Angle And Current Pulsing Frequency Influence, Ruham Reis, Americo Scotti, John Norrish, Dominic Cuiuri
Dominic Cuiuri
Arc interruptions have been observed in tandem pulsed gas metal arc welding (GMAW). This fact, which is likely related to magnetic interaction between the arcs, motivated previous study concerning the influence of the welding current on this phenomenon. In order to promote further understanding, this paper investigates the effects of arc length, torch angle, and high-frequency current pulsing on the arc resistance to extinction. To mimic the situation found in tandem GMAW (magnetic field induced by one arc acting on the other arc), external magnetic fields were applied to gas tungsten arc welding arcs. It was verified that short arc …
A Lifetime Individual Sampling Model (Ism) For Heroin Use And Treatment Evaluation In Australia, Nagesh Shukla, Van Hoang, Marian Shahanan, Alison Ritter, Vu Lam Cao, Pascal Perez
A Lifetime Individual Sampling Model (Ism) For Heroin Use And Treatment Evaluation In Australia, Nagesh Shukla, Van Hoang, Marian Shahanan, Alison Ritter, Vu Lam Cao, Pascal Perez
Nagesh Shukla
Illicit drug use has created an enormous burden at societal, family and personal levels. Every year a significant amount of resources is allocated for treatment and the consequences of illicit drug use in Australia and around the world. Heroin is one of the major forms of illicit drugs that are used illegally. Several independent heroin treatment strategies or interventions exist and state-of-the-art research demonstrates their efficacy and relative cost-effectiveness. However, assessing total potential gains and burden from providing all treatment interventions or varying the mix of heroin treatments has never been attempted. Furthermore, the need to include multiple treatments, multiple …
Competitive Adsorption Of Metals On Cabbage Waste From Multi-Metal Solutions, M Hossain, H Ngo, W Guo, L Nghiem, F Hai, S Vigneswaran, Thanh Vinh Nguyen
Competitive Adsorption Of Metals On Cabbage Waste From Multi-Metal Solutions, M Hossain, H Ngo, W Guo, L Nghiem, F Hai, S Vigneswaran, Thanh Vinh Nguyen
Faisal I Hai
This study assessed the adsorption capacity of the agro-waste ‘cabbage’ as a biosorbent in single, binary, ternary and quaternary sorption systems with Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions. Dried and ground powder of cabbage waste (CW) was used for the sorption of metals ions. Carboxylic, hydroxyl, and amine groups in cabbage waste were found to be the key functional groups for metal sorption. The adsorption isotherms obtained could be well fitted to both the mono- and multi-metal models. In the competitive adsorption systems, cabbage waste adsorbed larger amount of Pb(II) than the other three metals. However, the presence of the …
The Effect Of Activated Carbon Addition On Membrane Bioreactor Processes For Wastewater Treatment And Reclamation - A Critical Review, George Skouteris, Devendra Saroj, Paraschos Melidis, Faisal Hai, Sabeha Ouki
The Effect Of Activated Carbon Addition On Membrane Bioreactor Processes For Wastewater Treatment And Reclamation - A Critical Review, George Skouteris, Devendra Saroj, Paraschos Melidis, Faisal Hai, Sabeha Ouki
Faisal I Hai
This review concentrates on the effect of activated carbon (AC) addition to membrane bioreactors (MBRs) treating wastewaters. Use of AC-assisted MBRs combines adsorption, biodegradation and membrane filtration. This can lead to advanced removal of recalcitrant pollutants and mitigation of membrane fouling. The relative contribution of adsorption and biodegradation to overall removal achieved by an AC-assisted MBR process can vary, and "biological AC" may not fully develop due to competition of target pollutants with bulk organics in wastewater. Thus periodic replenishment of spent AC is necessary. Sludge retention time (SRT) governs the frequency of spent AC withdrawal and addition of fresh …
Introduction To Membrane Biological Reactors, Faisal Hai, Kazuo Yamamoto, Chung-Hak Lee
Introduction To Membrane Biological Reactors, Faisal Hai, Kazuo Yamamoto, Chung-Hak Lee
Faisal I Hai
This chapter delineats the rationale of combining the membrane and bioreactor technologies and systematically introduces the membrane biological reactors that are the focus of this book. This is followed by a brief account of the history of the various applications of membranes in conjunction with bioreactors and how the initial formats led to the development of the present day commercialized ones. The relative advantages of membrane biological reactors over the conventional biological processes are presented. The current status of the MBR market is described and the drivers propelling its growth along with the constraints are highlighted. The trends in world-wide …
Gas-Diffusion, Extractive, Biocatalytic And Electrochemical Membrane Biological Reactors, Oskar Modin, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Angelo Basile, Kensuke Fukushi
Gas-Diffusion, Extractive, Biocatalytic And Electrochemical Membrane Biological Reactors, Oskar Modin, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Angelo Basile, Kensuke Fukushi
Faisal I Hai
Several emerging technologies for treatment or resource recovery from wastewater are based on the combination of membranes and biochemical conversions. In this chapter, we review gas-diffusion, extractive, biocatalytic, and electrochemical membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Gas diffusion MBRs facilitate efficient delivery of a gaseous oxidant or reductant such as oxygen, hydrogen, or methane to microbial biofilms treating wastewater. Extractive MBRs completely separate the wastewater stream from the microbes and make toxic wastewaters amenable to biological treatment. Biocatalytic MBRs utilize enzymes or immobilized microbial cells for degradation of persistent xenobiotics or for synthesis of fine chemicals. Electrochemical MBRs make it possible to utilize …
Wastewater Reuse: Removal Of Emerging Trace Organic Contaminants (Troc), Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Stuart Khan, William Price, Kazuo Yamamoto
Wastewater Reuse: Removal Of Emerging Trace Organic Contaminants (Troc), Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Stuart Khan, William Price, Kazuo Yamamoto
Faisal I Hai
This chapter reviews current and new technologies for the removal of emerging TrOC from wastewater for reuse purposes. In particular, it compares the relative performance of Membrane bioreactors (MBR) with other conventional biological processes. It is shown that MBR has many intrinsic advantages over other methods leading to superior performance. Fundamental to this is the presence of a membrane barrier which provides a range of other adsorption mechanisms for TrOC. However, in practice there are many factors affecting TrOC removal by MBR, leading to sometimes conflicting reports in the literature from both lab scale studies as well as full scale …
Rock Bolt Corrosion - An Experimental Study, Naj Aziz, P Craig, Jan Nemcik, Faisal Hai
Rock Bolt Corrosion - An Experimental Study, Naj Aziz, P Craig, Jan Nemcik, Faisal Hai
Faisal I Hai
The effect of long term exposure of full size bolts to corrosive environments is presented. A special test rig was used to test four bolts under different loading conditions. Four X-grade identical profile bolts, each 21·7 mm core diameter (23·7 mm full diameter) were subjected to prolonged corrosion testing using acid sulphate water. The pH value of the circulated water varied between 3·4 and 4·3. The corrosion exposure test period lasted 3·5 years. Two bolts were axially loaded to 10 t and 20 t force respectively, the third bolt was subjected to a 360 Nm torsion load and the fourth …
Membrane Biological Reactors: Theory, Modeling, Design, Management And Applications To Wastewater Reuse, Faisal Hai, Kazou Yamamoto, Chung-Hak Lee
Membrane Biological Reactors: Theory, Modeling, Design, Management And Applications To Wastewater Reuse, Faisal Hai, Kazou Yamamoto, Chung-Hak Lee
Faisal I Hai
Membrane Biological Reactors: Theory, Modeling, Design, Management and Applications to Wastewater Reuse comprehensively covers the salient features and emerging issues associated with the MBR technology. The book provides thorough coverage starting from biological aspects and fundamentals of membranes, via modeling and design concepts, to practitioners’ perspective and good application examples. Membrane Biological Reactors focuses on all the relevant emerging issues raised by including the latest research from renowned experts in the field. It is a valuable reference to the academic and professional community and suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate teaching in Environmental Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology.
Application Of Membrane Technology For The Development Of Sustainable Biotechnology Processes, Faisal Hai, Oskar Modin
Application Of Membrane Technology For The Development Of Sustainable Biotechnology Processes, Faisal Hai, Oskar Modin
Faisal I Hai
The scope of application of membranes in biotechnology has widened significantly in the recent years. Although many of the membrane options are yet to achieve wide industrial applications, they show tremendous potential for the transformation and synthesis of valueadded products, energy production, therapeutic applications and environmental remediation. This chapter provides an overview of membrane applications in selected established and emerging biotechnology processes. Approaches to overcoming the technology bottlenecks that impede the scale-up of such systems have been discussed in this chapter.
Biocatalytic Membrane Reactors For The Removal Of Recalcitrant And Emerging Pollutants From Wastewater, F Hai, L Nghiem, O Modin
Biocatalytic Membrane Reactors For The Removal Of Recalcitrant And Emerging Pollutants From Wastewater, F Hai, L Nghiem, O Modin
Faisal I Hai
The potential fields of application of biocatalytic membrane reactors have widened considerably in recent years. Although biocatalytic membrane reactors, in general, are yet to achieve broad industrial application, in the not too far future they are expected to play a major role, not only for the production, transformation and valorization of raw materials but also for environmental remediations. This chapter comprehensively reviews the laboratory scale studies which demonstrate the potential of biocatalytic membrane reactors in wastewater treatment applications. Studies reponed in the literature, however, serve as proof of concept only. Issues that need to be addressed in order to achieve …
Anaerobic Mbrs, Weijue Gao, Bao-Qiang Liao, Faisal Hai
Anaerobic Mbrs, Weijue Gao, Bao-Qiang Liao, Faisal Hai
Faisal I Hai
Anaerobic MBRs (AnMBRs) have been shown to be one of the most promising technologies for sustainable wastewater treatment. It offers several advantages over the aerobic MBRs, namely, requirement of no energy for aeration, low sludge production and energy resource. Compared to the conventional anaerobic processes, AnMBRs can maintain higher biomass concentrations, have higher treatment capacity, excellent effluent quality, and smaller footprint. Compared with the conventional anaerobic digestion, they are relatively robust to cope with variations in organic loading and inhibitory conditions due to complete retention of biomass by membranes. The AnMBR technology is now gaining acceptance by a wide range …
Scenarios For Peer-To-Peer Learning In Construction With Emerging Forms Of Collaborative Computing, Teemu Leinonen, Jukka Purrna, Kiarii Ngua, Alexander Hayes
Scenarios For Peer-To-Peer Learning In Construction With Emerging Forms Of Collaborative Computing, Teemu Leinonen, Jukka Purrna, Kiarii Ngua, Alexander Hayes
Alexander Hayes Mr.
Many small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Europe are interested in finding new methods of training and workplace learning. Technology-enhanced practices of peer-to-peer learning may offer various new possibilities for SMEs. In this study we consider emerging technologies for informal learning in construction work. These technologies include wearable computing, invisible and ambient computing, augmented reality and novel interaction technologies. Three preliminary scenarios presented in this paper demonstrate how these technologies may be used. These scenarios have been developed, with a focus on the use of technology within a community supporting peer-to-peer learning, that may negate some of the social concerns …
Identity Awareness And Re-Use Of Research Data In Veillance And Social Computing, Alexander Hayes, Stephen Mann, Amir Aryani, Susannah Sabine, Leigh Blackall, Pia Waugh, Stephan Ridgway
Identity Awareness And Re-Use Of Research Data In Veillance And Social Computing, Alexander Hayes, Stephen Mann, Amir Aryani, Susannah Sabine, Leigh Blackall, Pia Waugh, Stephan Ridgway
Alexander Hayes Mr.
Identity awareness of research data has been introduced as a requirement for open research, transparency and reusability of research data in the context of eScience. This requirement includes the capability of linking research data to researchers, research projects and publications, and identifying the license for the data. This connectivity between research data and other elements in research ecosystems is required in order to make the data available and reusable beyond the initial research. In this paper, we examine these capabilities in the domains of veillance and social computing. The dataset cases presented in this paper articulate the challenges that researchers …
Vehicle Routing Problem With Stochastic Demand (Vrpsd): Optimisation By Neighbourhood Search Embedded Adaptive Ant Algorithm (Ns-Aaa), M Nagalakshmi, Mukul Tripathi, Nagesh Shukla, Manoj Tiwari
Vehicle Routing Problem With Stochastic Demand (Vrpsd): Optimisation By Neighbourhood Search Embedded Adaptive Ant Algorithm (Ns-Aaa), M Nagalakshmi, Mukul Tripathi, Nagesh Shukla, Manoj Tiwari
Nagesh Shukla
Taking into account the real world applications, this paper considers a vehicle routing problem with stochastic demand (VRPSD) in which the customer demand has been modelled as a stochastic variable. Considering the computational complexity of the problem and to enhance the algorithm performance, a neighbourhood search embedded adaptive ant algorithm (ns-AAA) is proposed as an improvement to the existing ant colony optimisation. The proposed metaheuristic adapts itself to maintain an adequate balance between exploitation and exploration throughout the run of the algorithm. The performance of the proposed methodology is benchmarked against a set of test instances that were generated using …
Intraband Nonlinear Terahertz Waves Absorption Of Gapped Graphene, Asya Tawfiq, Yee Sin Ang, Chao Zhang
Intraband Nonlinear Terahertz Waves Absorption Of Gapped Graphene, Asya Tawfiq, Yee Sin Ang, Chao Zhang
Yee Sin Ang
The effect of bandgap opening on the intraband nonlinear optical response of graphene in terahertz frequency regime is theoretically investigated. The nonlinear optical response of gapped graphene is found to be sensitively influenced by the bandgap level and temperature. © 2012 IEEE.
Nonlinear Optical Spectrum Of Two-Dimensional Electron Gas With Rashba Spin-Orbit Interaction In Thz Frequency Regime, Yee Sin Ang, C Zhang, Qinjun Chen
Nonlinear Optical Spectrum Of Two-Dimensional Electron Gas With Rashba Spin-Orbit Interaction In Thz Frequency Regime, Yee Sin Ang, C Zhang, Qinjun Chen
Yee Sin Ang
We theoretically calculate the nonlinear optical spectrum of two-dimensional electron gas in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit interaction in terahertz frequency regime. For Rashba coupling parameter in the order of 0.4 eVÅ, the nonlinear optical response exceeds the linear response with the application of an external electric field strength in the order of 103 V/cm.
A Two Dimensional Silicon Detectors Array For Quality Assurance In Stereotactic Radiotherapy: Magicplate-512, A Aldosari, M Petasecca, A Espinoza, M Newall, I Fuduli, C Porumb, S Alshaikh, Z Alrowaili, M Weaver, P Metcalfe, M Carolan, M. Lerch, V Perevertaylo, A Rosenfeld
A Two Dimensional Silicon Detectors Array For Quality Assurance In Stereotactic Radiotherapy: Magicplate-512, A Aldosari, M Petasecca, A Espinoza, M Newall, I Fuduli, C Porumb, S Alshaikh, Z Alrowaili, M Weaver, P Metcalfe, M Carolan, M. Lerch, V Perevertaylo, A Rosenfeld
Anthony A Espinoza Mr
Purpose: Silicon diode arrays are commonly implemented in radiation therapy quality assurance applications as they have a number of advantages including: real time operation (compared to the film) and high spatial resolution, large dynamic range and small size (compared to ionizing chambers). Most diode arrays have detector pitch that is too coarse for routine use in small field applications. The goal of this work is to characterize the two-dimensional monolithic silicon diode array named "MagicPlate-512" (MP512) designed for QA in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and stereotactic radio surgery (SRS). Methods: MP512 is a silicon monolithic detector manufactured on a …
Characterization Of An Innovative P-Type Epitaxial Diode For Dosimetry In Modern External Beam Radiotherapy, A Aldosari, A Espinoza, D Robinson, I Fuduli, C Porumb, S Alshaikh, M Carolan, M Lerch, V Perevertaylo, Anatoly Rosenfeld, M Petasecca
Characterization Of An Innovative P-Type Epitaxial Diode For Dosimetry In Modern External Beam Radiotherapy, A Aldosari, A Espinoza, D Robinson, I Fuduli, C Porumb, S Alshaikh, M Carolan, M Lerch, V Perevertaylo, Anatoly Rosenfeld, M Petasecca
Anthony A Espinoza Mr
Due to the ever-increasing complexity of treatment modalities in radiation therapy, there has been a greater need for detectors to perform quality assurance to ensure patients are treated correctly and safely. Modern radiation therapy techniques involve small field sizes, high dose gradients, and varying intensity of energy and rate. The ideal dosimeter for this treatment should display high spatial resolution, high linearity, accuracy, and radiation hardness. Silicon detectors have been widely used for radiotherapy measurements and have many attractive qualities as a dosimeter; weaknesses of silicon detectors are, however, decreases in sensitivity with accumulated dose. The Centre for Medical Radiation …
Multichannel Data Acquisition System Comparison For Quality Assurance In External Beam Radiation Therapy, I Fuduli, M Newall, A Espinoza, C Porumb, M Carolan, M. Lerch, P Metcalfe, A Rosenfeld, M Petasecca
Multichannel Data Acquisition System Comparison For Quality Assurance In External Beam Radiation Therapy, I Fuduli, M Newall, A Espinoza, C Porumb, M Carolan, M. Lerch, P Metcalfe, A Rosenfeld, M Petasecca
Anthony A Espinoza Mr
Megavoltage photon radiation therapies are widely used in modern cancer treatment. The improvement of the treatment has lead to the need of Quality Assurance (QA) devices to detect malfunctioning or human mistakes during the planning phase and treatment verification. Active electronic devices for 2D or 3D QA in external beam radiotherapy are typically based on analogue/digital mixed signal Data Acquisition Systems (DAS) which are required to have high spatial resolution, large dynamic range, high sensitivity, large numbers of channels and fast real-time capabilities. The Centre of Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP) has developed several multichannel DAS architectures based on different analogue …
Depth Image Super-Resolution Using Multi-Dictionary Sparse Representation, Haoheng Zheng, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Depth Image Super-Resolution Using Multi-Dictionary Sparse Representation, Haoheng Zheng, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Haoheng Zheng
In this paper, we propose a new depth super-resolution technique based on multiple dictionary learning. A novel dictionary selection method using basis pursuit is proposed to generate multiple dictionaries adaptively. A sparse representation of each low-resolution input patch is derived based on the learned dictionaries, and then used to reconstruct the corresponding high-resolution patch. Experimental results are presented which show that the proposed multi-dictionary scheme outperforms existing depth super-resolution methods.
Book Review, Earthea Nance
Book Review, Earthea Nance
Earthea Nance, PhD (Stanford University, 2004)
Book Review published in the journal Water International (2015) The topic… “The book builds upon Nance’s research and presents a comprehensive account of Brazil’s experience of implementing condominial sewerage.” The topic… “From the very beginning, the author expresses her concerns in escaping from preconceived ideas about conventional and participatory development, positioning her views within a third wave of post-structural development discourse, neither universalist nor relativist, that is neither denying nor overvaluing the social content of development.” Research methods… “Nance manages to do so by integrating different areas of established knowledge and examining her research issue from a privileged historical perspective. …
Railroad Privatization And Deregulation: Lessons From Three Decades Of Experience Worldwide, Randolph Resor, Philip Laird
Railroad Privatization And Deregulation: Lessons From Three Decades Of Experience Worldwide, Randolph Resor, Philip Laird
Dr Philip Laird
Railroads exist worldwide, on all inhabited continents. The rail industry began nearly 200 years ago as a series of privately financed ventures in the United Kingdom and the United States, but the ownership model rapidly evolved during the 19th Century. By the middle of the 20th Century, railroads in most parts of the world were government-owned.
A Balanced Approach Is Needed For Sydney - Brisbane Freight, Philip Laird
A Balanced Approach Is Needed For Sydney - Brisbane Freight, Philip Laird
Dr Philip Laird
No abstract provided.
High Speed Rail In Australia - Much Studied And Slow To Start, Philip Laird
High Speed Rail In Australia - Much Studied And Slow To Start, Philip Laird
Dr Philip Laird
High Speed Rail or HSR with electric passenger trains operating at speeds of 250km/h or more is now operational in 11 countries and has been under recent consideration in Australia for future operation between Melbourne, Canberra, Sydney and Brisbane. The paper outlines HSR studies in Australia and conditionally quantifies the potential reduction of aviation fuel use at up to 0.5m litres per annum from the introduction of HSR by 2020 in Australia with a reduction of external costs at $540m per annum by 2020. In addition, HSR in Eastern Australia by 2020 could allow for some 300 slots to be …
Column Experiments Carried Out For The Treatment Of Acidic Groundwater In Acid Sulfate Soil Terrain At The Shoalhaven Floodplain, Buddhima Indraratna, Punyama Pathirage, Laura Banasiak, Long Nghiem
Column Experiments Carried Out For The Treatment Of Acidic Groundwater In Acid Sulfate Soil Terrain At The Shoalhaven Floodplain, Buddhima Indraratna, Punyama Pathirage, Laura Banasiak, Long Nghiem
Laura J Banasiak Dr
No abstract provided.
Remediation Of Acidic Groundwater From Acid Sulfate Soil Terrain By Permeable Reactive Barrier Technology, Laura Banasiak, Buddhima Indraratna
Remediation Of Acidic Groundwater From Acid Sulfate Soil Terrain By Permeable Reactive Barrier Technology, Laura Banasiak, Buddhima Indraratna
Laura J Banasiak Dr
No abstract provided.
Optimum Allocation Of Sample To Strata And Stages With Simple Additional Constraints, Robert Clark, David Steel
Optimum Allocation Of Sample To Strata And Stages With Simple Additional Constraints, Robert Clark, David Steel
Robert Clark
The optimum allocation of a sample to strata and stages in a stratified two-stage design for a simple cost function is well known. In practice there may be reasons to impose simple additional constraints. It is shown how the theory for optimum allocation can be generalized to account for such constraints. A simple way of assessing the effect that each constraint has on the efficiency of the sample design is developed. This general approach allows several additional constraints that are used in practice to be applied. Data from the 1996 redesign of the Australian Monthly Labour Force Survey are used …
Sample Design Using Imperfect Design Data, Robert Clark
Sample Design Using Imperfect Design Data, Robert Clark
Robert Clark
A well-designed sampling plan can greatly enhance the information that can be produced from a survey. Once a broad sample design is identified, specific design parameters such as sample sizes and selection probabilities need to be chosen. This is typically achieved using an optimal sample design, which minimizes the variance of a key statistic or statistics, expressed as a function of design parameters and population characteristics, subject to a cost constraint. In practice, only imprecise estimates of population characteristics are available, but the effects of this variability are usually ignored. A general approach to sample allocation allowing for imprecise design …
Developing The Design Of A Continuous National Health Survey For New Zealand, Robert Clark, Robert Templeton, Anne Mcnicholas
Developing The Design Of A Continuous National Health Survey For New Zealand, Robert Clark, Robert Templeton, Anne Mcnicholas
Robert Clark
Background A continuously operating survey can yield advantages in survey management, field operations, and the provision of timely information for policymakers and researchers. We describe the key features of the sample design of the New Zealand (NZ) Health Survey, which has been conducted on a continuous basis since mid-2011, and compare to a number of other national population health surveys. Methods A number of strategies to improve the NZ Health Survey are described: implementation of a targeted dual-frame sample design for better Maori, Pacific, and Asian statistics; movement from periodic to continuous operation; use of core questions with rotating topic …