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Full-Text Articles in Science and Technology Studies
Ignoring A Level In A Multilevel Model: Evidence From Uk Census Data, Mark Tramner, David Steel
Ignoring A Level In A Multilevel Model: Evidence From Uk Census Data, Mark Tramner, David Steel
Professor David Steel
Because of the inherent multilevel nature of census data, it is often appropriate to use multilevel models to investigate relationships between census variables. For a local population, the data available from the census allow a three-level nested model to be assumed, with an individual level (level 1), an enumeration district (ED) level (level 2), and a ward level (level 3). The consequences of ignoring one of the three levels in this model are assessed here theoretically. Empirical results, based on 1991 UK Census data, are also provided, comparing the variance components estimated from the three-level model with analyses based on …
Analysis Combining Survey And Geographically Aggregated Data, David Steel, Mark Tranmer, D Holt
Analysis Combining Survey And Geographically Aggregated Data, David Steel, Mark Tranmer, D Holt
Professor David Steel
This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction and Overview Aggregate and Survey Data Availability Bias and Variance of Variance Component Estimators Based on Aggregate and Survey Data Simulation Studies Using Auxiliary Variables to Reduce Aggregation Effects Conclusions Acknowledgements
Restricted Quasi-Score Estimating Functions For Sample Survey Data, Yan Lin, David Steel, Raymond Chambers
Restricted Quasi-Score Estimating Functions For Sample Survey Data, Yan Lin, David Steel, Raymond Chambers
Professor David Steel
This paper applies the theory of the quasi-likelihood method to model-based inference for sample surveys. Currently, much of the theory related to sample surveys is based on the theory of maximum likelihood. The maximum likelihood approach is available only when the full probability structure of the survey data is known. However, this knowledge is rarely available in practice. Based on central limit theory, statisticians are often willing to accept the assumption that data have, say, a normal probability structure. However, such an assumption may not be reasonable in many situations in which sample surveys are used. We establish a framework …
The Information In Aggregate Data, David Steel, Eric Beh, Raymond Chambers
The Information In Aggregate Data, David Steel, Eric Beh, Raymond Chambers
Professor David Steel
Ecological inference attempts to draw conclusions concerning individual-level relationships using data in the form of aggregates for groups in the population. The groups are often geographically defined. A fundamental statistical issue is how much information aggregate data contain concerning the relationships and parameters that we are trying to estimate. The information affects the standard errors of estimates as well as the power of any tests of hypothesis. It also affects the ability to tell, from the aggregate data, which different models under consideration are supported by the data. In this chapter likelihood-based methods are considered. We show in general how …