Psychology Commons^™

Semantic Information In The Long-Term Memory Traces Of Nouns, John K. Adams

Student Work

What is the nature of the long-term memory trace of an event or episode (Tulving, 1972)? Recently, several studies (MacLeod, 1976; Nelson, 1971; Nelson, Fehling, & Moore-Glascock, 1979; Nelson & Rothbart, 1972) have addressed this question.

These studies made use of the savings paradigm, which is based upon a well-known phenomenon: Relearning forgotten verbal material is often easier than learning verbal material for the first time. The term savings was used by Ebbinghaus (1885/1964) to refer to this relearning advantage.

Effects Of Participation In Goal Setting When Task Ability And Goal Difficulty Are Held Constant, Melvin G. Cash

Student Work

Undergraduate psychology students (N = 60) were randomly assigned to do-your-best, assigned, or participative goal-setting conditions. The sample was split at the mean on the basis of scores received on a clerical test, resulting in low- and high-ability groups. Specific Goals led to higher performance than did the do-your-best goals. With task ability and goal difficulty held, constant, there was no significant difference between the assigned and participative conditions on goal attainment, goal acceptance, or performance.

When the groups were split on ability, only the low ability group performed significantly better than the do-your-best group. Two reasons are suggested to …

Dogmatism And Inequality: Effects On Affect And Performance, S. Alan Rosenkrantz

Student Work

An experiment was conducted to examine the relationships among dogmatism, perceived fairness, and subjects’ affective responses and performance effectiveness. One hundred and twenty male and female university students were divided into three equity treatment groups: equity, and inequity with ability or without ability to control their inputs. Each inequity group was informed that greater inputs were demanded of them than were demanded of the other groups in exchange for the same rewards. Subjects were also blocked on three levels of dogmatism. Each dependent variable was subjected to analysis of variance in a 3 X 3 factorial design. Inequity with input-control …

Associative, Semantic, 'Thematic, And Syntactic Factors In The Memory Representations Of Sentences, Tracy L. Brown

Student Work

This study addressed two issues in sentence memory: Hie accuracy of Gestalt representations of sentences over strictly associative accounts, and the role of syntactic, semantic, and thematic variables in characterizing the organizational basis of sentence representations. Sixteen pairs of SVO sentences were generated with a single noun shared by both member sentences of each pair. After a study period during which subjects wrote expansions of stimulus sentences, memory for the shared nouns was tested using subject-verb or object-verb cues from one or both member sentences of each pair. According to associative accounts of sentence memory, mixed cues using one component …

The Relationship Between Risk And The Respondent's Level Of Socialization In The Military, Robert E. Wetzel

Student Work

The following thesis deals with a sensitive issue, namely the examination of risk-taking behaviors in a military context. Generally, it is agreed that certain decisions made by the military are considerably more vast and important (in terms of the sociopolitical, and moral ramifications) than decisions reached by non-military groups. In light of this agreement, any analysis of risk-taking behavior could be interpreted as threatening to the image of the military. Understanding the sensitivity of the central theme of the following thesis demands an understanding of the assumptions of the investigation. The two major assumptions of this work are: a) the …