Psychology Commons^™

Conducting Publishable Research From Special Populations: Studying Children And Non-Human Primates With Undergraduate Research Assistants, Jane B. Childers, Kimberley A. Phillips

Jane Childers

Collecting publishable data with only undergraduate research assistants (RAs) is difficult; conducting research with young children or non-human primates (NHPs) adds a layer of difficulty, yet we have been able to successfully sustain and grow research programs in Developmental Psychology and primate Behavioral Neuroscience at Trinity University (TU), a primarily undergraduate institution (PUI) in San Antonio. We each have been conducting research for over 25 years, with most of that time at this type of institution, and have developed effective strategies for publishing articles with undergraduates in this environment.

Kathryn Glenn Natural Environments At School.Pdf, Kathryn Glenn

Kathryn Glenn

Stability Of Infants’ Preference For Prosocial Others: Implications For Research Based On Single-Choice Paradigms, Tyler Nighbor, Carolynn S. Kohn, Matthew P. Normand, Henry Schlinger

Matthew Normand

Some research suggests infants display a tendency to judge others’ prosocial behavior, and in particular, that infants show a strong preference for prosocial others. For example, data from one frequently cited and well-publicized study showed that, after watching a puppet show with three puppets, 74% of infants chose the puppet that “helped” rather than the puppet that “hindered” a third puppet from attaining its goal. The purpose of the current investigation was to replicate these methods and extend them by including a within-subject measure of infant puppet choice across repeated trials to assess the stability of infants’ choice. In the …

Introduction To The Neurosciences And Music Iv: Learning And Memory, Andrea Halpern

Andrea Halpern

The conference entitled "The Neurosciences and Music-IV: Learning and Memory" was held at the University of Edinburgh from June 9-12, 2011, jointly hosted by the Mariani Foundation and the Institute for Music in Human and Social Development, and involving nearly 500 international delegates. Two opening workshops, three large and vibrant poster sessions, and nine invited symposia introduced a diverse range of recent research findings and discussed current research directions. Here, the proceedings are introduced by the workshop and symposia leaders on topics including working with children, rhythm perception, language processing, cultural learning, memory, musical imagery, neural plasticity, stroke rehabilitation, autism, …

The Moderating Effects Of Organized Activities On The Relations Between Body Mass And Social Adjustment In Adolescents, Christopher T. Stanley, Amy M. Bohnert

Amy Bohnert

Overweight and obese children and adolescents often experience social adjusment difficulties, including higher rates of peer victimization and loneliness. Our primary goal was to examine the moderating influences of various aspects of organized activity involvement (i.e., intensity, duration, amount of physical activity, perceived importance, liking, and quality of adult- and peer relationships) on body mass index (BMI) and social adjustment relations. Results suggested that activity involvement moderated BMI-adjustment relations in certain instances. Specifically, fewer hours and less physical activity was associated with less loneliness among heavier adolescents. This study affirms the need for further research to address the impact that …

The Influence Of Gender, Age, Psychological Resilience And Family Interaction Factors Upon Anxiety And Depression In Non-Autism Spectrum Disorder Siblings Of Children With An Autism Spectrum Disorder, Vicki Bitsika, Christopher Sharpley, Rebecca Mailli

Vicki Bitsika

The influence of gender, age, Psychological resilience and family interaction factors upon generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) was investigated in 75 non-autism spectrum disorder (NASD) siblings who had a brother or sister with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). GAD and MDD were much more prevalent than in comparable age group samples, and adolescent females had the highest MDD rates. Several Psychological resilience skills were significantly associated with lower GAD and MDD, particularly being able to recognise mistakes in their thinking (for children) and being able to remain in control of their anger (for adolescents). Suggestions are …

Is Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy A Causal Environmental Risk Factor For Adolescent Antisocial Behavior? Testing Etiological Theories And Assumptions, Brian M. D'Onofrio, Carol A. Van Hulle, Jackson A. Goodnight, Paul J. Rathouz, Benjamin B. Lahey

Jackson A. Goodnight

Background—Although many studies indicate that maternal smoking during pregnancy (SDP) is correlated with later offspring antisocial behavior (ASB), recent quasi-experimental studies suggest that background familial factors confound the association. The present study sought to test alternative etiological hypotheses using multiple indices of adolescent ASB, comparing differentially exposed siblings, and testing assumptions in the sibling-comparison design.

The Developmental Framework Of A Test Of Visual Perceptual Letter/Number Reversal Recognition Skills For School-Aged Children, Janet Richmond

Janet E Richmond PhD

No abstract provided.

When The Cradle Falls: The Subversion, Secrets, And Sentimentality Of Lullabies, Lauren Castro

Lauren R Castro

No abstract provided.

Review Of Physical Activity Prevalence Of Asian School-Age Children And Adolescents, Andre M. Müller

Andre M Müller

Overweight and obese populations in Asia are high and increasing rapidly. Physical activity prevalence studies have found low physical activity rates among Asian school-age children and adolescents. The purpose of this review is to establish a baseline for physical activity rates in Asian school-age children and adolescents and serve as a platform for additional research. Thirty articles published between 2000 and 2011 on physical activity prevalence of school-age children and adolescents were included in the review. Fourteen studies were conducted in East Asia, 10 in Southeast Asia, 2 in South Asia, and 2 in West Asia. Studies used subjective methods …

Similarities And Differences In Eyewitness Testimonies Of Children Who Directly Versus Vicariously Experience Stress, Marc A. Lindberg Ph.D., Susan Jones, Lisa Mccomas Collard, Stuart W. Thomas

Marc A. Lindberg Ph.D.

This study tested questions of ecological validity by comparing the eyewitness testimonies of children directly experiencing a painful inoculation experience with those of children in a yoked-control group who vicariously experienced the inoculation on videotape. The study involved 86 5-year-olds, divided between 2 groups: the experiential and yoked control. The experiential group was followed through a health department with a video camera as they received diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DFT), and oral polio inoculations. They were tested immediately, 20 min later, and I month later. Each child in the yoked-control group merely watched the videotape of his or her counterpart in …

Basic Emotions And Early-Learned Verbs, Josita Maouene, Megumi Kuwabara, Daniel Freer, Linda B. Smith

Dr. Josita C Maouene

The purpose of this study is to describe the relationships between 102 early-learned verbs and five basic emotions in 60 children raging from 2 to 6 years of age (min 32 mo, max 72 mo). While previous research centering on the embodiment perspective has investigated such components as body parts in verb meaning (Maouene, Hidaka & Smith, 2008), this study seeks to add basic emotions to the core meaning of verbs. At a threshold of 50% agreement, the results indicate a tie: 47.6% of the verbs were related to one main emotion and 49.5% to a pair of emotions. Within …

Helping Kids Cope With Change, Peta Stapleton, Terri Sheldon

Peta B. Stapleton

No abstract provided.

On The Number Of Trials Necessary For Stabilization Of Error-Related Brain Activity Across The Life Span, Jason Themanson, Matthew Pontifex, Mark Scudder, Michael Brown, Kevin O'Leary, Chien-Ting Wu, Charles Hillman

Jason R. Themanson, Ph.D

The minimum number of trials necessary to accurately characterize the error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe) across the life span was investigated using samples of preadolescent children, college-age young adults, and older adults. Event-related potentials and task performance were subsequently measured during a modified flanker task. Response-locked averages were created using sequentially increasing errors of commission in blocks of two. Findings indicated that across all age cohorts ERN and Pe were not significantly different relative to the within-participants grand average after six trials. Further, results indicated that the ERN and Pe exhibited excellent internal reliability in preadolescent children …

An Embodied Account Of Argument Structure Development, Josita Maouene, Nitya Sethuraman, Mounir Maouene, Linda B. Smith

Dr. Josita C Maouene

No abstract provided.

Treatment Participation Among Children With Conduct Problems And The Role Of Telephone Reminders, Bruce Watt, Margaret Hoyland, Denisse Best, Mark Dadds

Bruce Watt

Children with antisocial, aggressive and disruptive behaviour problems are among the most frequent referrals to mental health services. These young people and their families present with a range of adverse contextual factors and can prove challenging to engage. We examined the characteristics of children with conduct problems, treatment participation, and the impact of telephone reminder calls. Consecutive referrals (N=262) to two child and youth mental health services were randomly assigned to either a reminder call condition or service as usual. In comparison to referrals without conduct problems, conduct problem children presented with greater sources of psychosocial adversity, attended fewer initial …

Mummy Do I Look Fat In This?, Peta Stapleton, Terri Sheldon

Peta B. Stapleton

No abstract provided.

Principles Of Child Rearing: Communication: Building A Strong Bridge Between You And Your Children, Karin Bartoszuk

Karin Bartoszuk

No abstract provided.

Principles Of Child Rearing: Talking So Young Children Understand., Karin Bartoszuk

Karin Bartoszuk

5. Scientific Support For Expert Testimony On Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

6. Applying Suggestibility Research To The Real World: The Case Of Repeated Questions., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon