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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Children's Response, Landmark, And Metric Strategies In Spatial Navigation, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill, Qi Wang
Children's Response, Landmark, And Metric Strategies In Spatial Navigation, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill, Qi Wang
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
When interacting with the environment, one can encode spatial information via egocentric or allocentric perspectives. Allocentric processing can include both landmark and geometric information. The current study examined egocentric response-focused, allocentric landmark-focused, and allocentric metric-focused processing strategies in large-scale spatial environments among 38 children aged 6–8 years, 31 children aged 9 and 10 years, and 53 young adults. The current study used a new testing paradigm that made it possible to investigate all three spatial strategies in the same setting. Participants completed a series of experiments in a modified radial arm maze. By systematically changing the starting locations and landmark …
How Children Talk About Events: Implications For Eliciting And Analyzing Eyewitness Reports, Sonja P. Brubacher, Carole Peterson, David La Rooy, Jason J. Dickinson
How Children Talk About Events: Implications For Eliciting And Analyzing Eyewitness Reports, Sonja P. Brubacher, Carole Peterson, David La Rooy, Jason J. Dickinson
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Legal and social service professionals often question whether various features of young witnesses’ responses during interviews are characteristic of children’s event reports or whether these features are concerning findings that reflect degraded memory, outside influence, or other phenomena. To assist helping professionals and researchers who collect data through interviews, we aggregated findings from child eyewitness studies and revisited transcript sets to construct fifteen principles that capture how children talk about events. These principles address children’s earliest event narratives, how children report information as interviews unfold and typical features of their narratives, threats to the accuracy of answers, the influence of …
How Children Talk About Events: Implications For Eliciting And Analyzing Eyewitness Reports, Sonja P. Brubacher, Carole Peterson, David La Rooy, Jason Dickinson, Debra Ann Poole
How Children Talk About Events: Implications For Eliciting And Analyzing Eyewitness Reports, Sonja P. Brubacher, Carole Peterson, David La Rooy, Jason Dickinson, Debra Ann Poole
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Legal and social service professionals often question whether various features of young witnesses’ responses during interviews are characteristic of children's event reports or whether these features are concerning findings that reflect degraded memory, outside influence, or other phenomena. To assist helping professionals and researchers who collect data through interviews, we aggregated findings from child eyewitness studies and revisited transcript sets to construct fifteen principles that capture how children talk about events. These principles address children's earliest event narratives, how children report information as interviews unfold and typical features of their narratives, threats to the accuracy of answers, the influence of …
Implicit Memory Of Locations And Identities: A Developmental Study, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill
Implicit Memory Of Locations And Identities: A Developmental Study, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Objects in the environment have both location and identity properties. However, it is unclear how these independent properties are processed and combined in the implicit domain. The current study investigated the development of the implicit memory of object locations and object identities, both independently and combined, and the relation between implicit memory and working memory (WM) for these properties. Three age groups participated: 6- and 7-year-old children, 9- and 10-year-old children, and adults. Children and adults completed a repeated search paradigm. In the learning phase, targets’ locations were consistently predicted by both the identities and locations of the distracters. In …
Encouraging Top-Down Attention In Visual Search: A Developmental Perspective, Regan Lookadoo, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill
Encouraging Top-Down Attention In Visual Search: A Developmental Perspective, Regan Lookadoo, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Four experiments are reported in which 60 younger children (7–8 years old), 60 older children (10–11 years old), and 60 young adults (18–25 years old) performed a conjunctive visual search task (15 per group in each experiment). The number of distractors of each feature type was unbalanced across displays to evaluate participants’ ability to restrict search to the smaller subset of features. The use of top-down attention processes to restrict search was encouraged by providing external aids for identifying and maintaining attention on the smaller set. In Experiment 1, no external assistance was provided. In Experiment 2, precues and instructions …
The Influence Of Disclosure History And Body Diagrams On Children's Reports Of Inappropriate Touching: Evidence From A New Analog Paradigm, Jason Dickinson, Debra Ann Poole
The Influence Of Disclosure History And Body Diagrams On Children's Reports Of Inappropriate Touching: Evidence From A New Analog Paradigm, Jason Dickinson, Debra Ann Poole
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
We tested a new paradigm for child eyewitness research that incorporates children's disclosure histories into analog study designs. Mr. Science - Germ Detective creates meaningful touching experiences and varied patterns of preinterview disclosures by convincing children that touching in the laboratory is potentially contaminating (germy). Children (N = 287, 4 to 8 years) heard that Mr. Science could no longer touch children's skin and then participated in an educational program involving 2 attempted touches. A week later, their disclosure histories were determined by a phone call that occurred a day before a forensic-style interview in the laboratory. This interview was …
Children's Anxious Reactions To An Invasive Medical Procedure: The Role Of Medical And Non-Medical Fears, Jeremy K Fox, Leslie F. Halpern, Barbara C. Dangman, Karla M. Giramonti, Barry A. Kogan
Children's Anxious Reactions To An Invasive Medical Procedure: The Role Of Medical And Non-Medical Fears, Jeremy K Fox, Leslie F. Halpern, Barbara C. Dangman, Karla M. Giramonti, Barry A. Kogan
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This study investigated the relationship of medical and non-medical fears to children's anxiety, pain, and distress during an invasive medical procedure, the voiding cystourethrogram. Parents of 34 children completed the Fear Survey Schedule-II prior to their child's procedure. Child distress behaviors during the procedure were audiotaped and coded using the Child-Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale-Revised. Ratings of child procedural anxiety and pain were obtained from children, parents, and examining technologists within minutes following the procedure. Associations were observed between medical fears, procedural anxiety (parent and staff reports), and coded distress behaviors. Findings may inform preparation efforts to reduce anxiety around …
Mothering As A Life Course Transition: Do Women Go Straight For Their Children?, Venezia Michalsen
Mothering As A Life Course Transition: Do Women Go Straight For Their Children?, Venezia Michalsen
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
In this study, qualitative, in-depth interviews were conducted with 100 formerly incarcerated mothers to explore the relationship between attachment to children and desistance from criminal behavior. Exploratory data analysis revealed that mothers do believe that children play important roles in their desistance, consistent with the tenets of life course theory. However, children were also described as sources of great stress, which may in turn promote criminal behavior. Women also related desistance to reliance on self and a higher power, and to a desire to avoid future involvement with the criminal justice system. The article concludes with a call for more …