Psychology Commons^™

Insights From U.S. Deaf Patients: Interpreters’ Presence And Receptive Skills Matter In Patient-Centered Communication Care, Brenda S. Nicodemus, Lori Whynot, Poorna Kushalnagar

Journal of Interpretation

In the U.S., deaf individuals who use sign language have a legislated right to communication access in the healthcare system, which is often addressed through the provision of signed language interpreters. However, little is known about deaf patients’ perception of interpreter presence, its impact on their disclosure of medical information to physicians, and whether this perception affects their assessment of physicians’ patient-centered communication behaviors (PCC). A total of 811 deaf adults responded to questions on a bilingual ASL-English online survey about their experiences with interpreters and physicians. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between deaf patients’ perception …

Exploring How Communal Motivations And Gender Norms Predict Sexual Health Practices, Courtney Olds

PANDION: The Osprey Journal of Research and Ideas

In the U.S., one in four women under 20 will experience unwanted pregnancy (NCPTU, 2017). Additionally, young adults (15-24) account for half of the new STI’s (CDC, 2017). Previous research has found that gender norms can have detrimental impacts on factors related to safe sex practices (e.g., condom use) such as perceptions of responsibility, self-efficacy and partner communication (Bertens, et al., 2008; Fantasia, et al., 2014; French & Holland, 2013; Huber & Eresek, 2011; Impett, et al., 2006; Noar, et. al, 2002). Conversely, findings have shown that communal (other-oriented) motivations is a predictor of condom use intentions, however, it has …

The Impact Of Relationship Wellness Checkups With Gay Male Couples, Mary Minten, Cass Dykeman

Journal of Counseling Sexology & Sexual Wellness: Research, Practice, and Education

Relationship health impacts many other health outcomes, including physical and mental wellbeing and the health of children in the family system (Goeke-Morey, Cummings, & Papp, 2007; Jaremka, Glaser, Malarkey, & Kiecolt-Glaser, 2013; Jaremka, Lindgren, & Kiecolt-Glaser, 2013; Pihet, Bodenmann, Cina, Widmer, & Shantinath, 2007; Rappaport, 2013; Robles, Slatcher, Trombello, & McGinn, 2014). Despite the importance of relationship health, couples do not regularly seek support for maintaining their connection (Eubanks-Fleming & Cordova, 2012). Early intervention programs that provide support are a growing public health initiative (Cowan & Cowan, 2014). One brief early intervention program, the Marriage Checkup (MC), positively impacts …

Self-Esteem And Disordered Eating In African American Youth, Carly Wagner, Samantha Ronderos, Dawn Witherspoon Phd

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Background: 30% of girls and 15% of boys engaging in disordered eating (DE) behaviors, such as irregular eating behaviors like bingeing, fasting, or purging (Campbell & Peebles, 2014). Low self-esteem has been found to have a significant impact on the development of mental health disorders (Stadelmann et al., 2017). Youth are susceptible to developing low self-esteem because of the developmental and social milestones that are experienced during this time (Chung et al., 2017). Although previous studies have found a relationship between DE and self-esteem, little research has focused on how self- esteem impacts DE in African Americans (AA).

Aims: To …

Internalized Stigmatization And Rejection Anxiety As Mediators Between Self-Monitoring And Transgender Identity Concealment, Sarah Carlton

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

High self-monitors are more motivated and able than low self-monitors to conceal parts of their identity (Fuglestad & Snyder, 2010). Gay and lesbian individuals will sometimes conceal their identity due to rejection anxiety and internalized stigmatization (Mohr & Fassinger, 2003; Quinn & Earnshaw, 2013). However, these phenomena have yet to be studied for transgender individuals. The purpose of this study is to explore how self-monitoring may predict identity concealment in transgender individuals. Using MTurk, we will sample 100 transgender women and 100 transgender men. Participants will complete the 25-item Self-Monitoring Scale (Snyder, 1974) as well as modified versions of the …

On Fire Or Burned Out?: The Role Of Self-Monitoring On Burnout In The Workplace, Elizabeth Ellis, Christopher Leone

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Workplace burnout (i.e., exhaustion, disengagement, lack of professional efficacy) produces turnover which, in turn, increases costs (personnel recruitment, selection, training) for businesses (Maslach et al., 2001). Job demands predict workplace exhaustion whereas job resources predict workplace disengagement (Demerouti et al., 2001). Burnout is also related to individual differences in personality (Alessandri et al., 2018). In the present study, we explore the potential mediating effect of demands and resources on the connection between self-monitoring (Fuglestad & Snyder, 2010; Wilmot et al., 2015) and burnout. Self-monitoring can be conceptualized as either a single, dichotomous variable (Snyder, 1974) or two, continuous variables: protective …

Food Insecurity As A Continuum: Investigating The Emotional Well-Being Of Parents, Monquie Villamor, Jody Nicholson-Bell, Lauri Wright

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Household food insecurity is one of the United States’ leading public health concerns that affects millions of families every year. Current literature has mainly focused on the impact of food insecurity on multidimensional outcomes of children (Jyoti et al., 2005; Shankar et al., 2017). However, there is limited research on parents’ experiences and the distinct levels of food insecurity outlined by the USDA. The present study investigates parents’ emotional well-being in association with levels of food insecurity and participation in food assistance programs. It is hypothesized that increased severity of food insecurity will be associated with poorer emotional well-being in …

Using Fnirs To Measure Emotional Processing Following Mindful Meditation, Jesse Macyczko, Cassandra L. Rosenburg, Amber Wengert, Katherine C. Hooper

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Mindful meditation, an exercise which encourages its practitioners to be present in the moment and to be aware of their current emotions, thoughts, and sensations, has been shown to affect the processing of emotional information (Sobolewski et al., 2011) and to increase empathy (Tan, Lo, & Macrae, 2014). The prefrontal cortex has been implicated in these processes (Seitz, Nickel, & Azari, 2006). We sought to investigate the neural mechanisms which underlie how mindful meditation affects emotional processing and to determine whether any changes in brain activity could be linked to changes in empathy.

Participants in our experimental group practiced mindful …

The Knights Of The Self-Efficacy Table: Taking Back The Table As A Family, Dea Zgjani, Dawn Witherspoon, Jody Nicholson

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Aims: The present study will examine parental Self-Efficacy as a mediator between shared family mealtimes and child outcomes as an aid to promote overall childhood and family wellbeing. There is a gap in literature in “coining” Self-Efficacy as a mediator between shared family mealtimes and child behavior outcomes and health. For my thesis I want to fill this gap by establishing parental Self-Efficacy as a mediator between shared family meals and children’s behaviors and health. Also, I want to further investigate the role that shared family mealtimes play in overall child behavioral and general health.

Background: Family meals can be …

In The Eye Of The Interviewer, Dana Arnold, Curtis Phills

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Though unemployment was low across the United States at 3.3% in 2019, it was almost double that for Black people at 5.4% in 2019 (https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cpsee_e16.htm). Because the interviewer’s attention to the eyes of a job candidate produces a better understanding of the candidate, it is possible that identifying racial bias in eye contact during the interview process could reduce racial disparities in unemployment. We will investigate how attention to the candidate’s eyes moderates race and gender disparities in hiring decisions. Participants will look at either a White man, Black man, White woman, or Black woman who is ostensibly a job …

Belief Consistency As A Mediator Of Mere Thought And Schema Tuning Effects On Attitude Polarization, Thanh Lu, Christoper Leone

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Given thought, favorable attitudes become more favorable and unfavorable attitudes become more unfavorable (Tesser, Martin, & Mendolia, 1995). Thought-induced polarization is moderated by “schema tuning”; polarization is more likely with well-developed (e.g., individuals) than less developed (e.g., groups) schemas (Leone & Ensley, 1985). We examined whether belief consistency mediates the interactive effects of mere thought and schemas on attitude polarization. Using a 15-point scale (-7 = extremely unfavorable, +7 = extremely favorable), 123 participants indicated their initial attitudes about 30 different sets of personality descriptions. For each of four descriptions (two for initially favorable attitudes, two for initially negative attitudes), …

Self-Monitoring And Relationship Commitment: Mediating Effects Of Satisfaction, Investment, And Quality Of Alternatives, Abigail Masterson, Irma Hall, Christopher Leone

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

High self-monitors are concerned with social appropriateness, whereas low self-monitors are concerned with self-congruence (Fuglestad & Snyder, 2010; Snyder, 1974). These self-monitoring characteristics are related to the dynamics of close relationships – particularly commitment (Leone & Hall, 2003; Simpson, 1987). Commitment is predicted from relationship satisfaction, investment, and alternatives (Rusbult, Agnew, & Arriaga, 2012). We explored these three variables as mediators of the connection between self-monitoring and commitment. Fifty couples (50 wives, 50 husbands) ages 19 to 72 completed the 18-item Self-Monitoring Scale (Snyder & Gangestad, 1986) and the satisfaction, investment, quality of alternatives, and commitment subscales of Rusbult’s Investment …

The Effects Of Similarity On The Persistence Of Comparative Behavioral Mindsets, Morning Baker, John Kulpa

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

The cognitive spill-over effect is an area of psychological study evaluating the relationship between knowledge accessibility, memory, and behavior, thus having implications for understanding the mental processes used and actions chosen in pursuit of a goal. Behavioral mindsets are cognitive procedures activated in the pursuit of a goal which may be used for subsequent, seemingly unrelated tasks. When applying a situation-specific procedure to a situation-specific goal, that general procedure will be more accessible within memory, and thus there is a greater likelihood of that procedure being used for following tasks so long as they are applicable. Two tasks may be …

Self-Monitoring Differences In Spirituality Vs. Religiosity: Intrinsic Orientation As Mediator, Tyler Philips

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Scholars have conceptually distinguished spirituality and religiousness (Hill et al., 2000), but there often is no discernible difference in the experiences of individuals who are spiritual but not religious versus individuals who are both spiritual and religious (Zinnbauer, 2013). Because these matters involve identity, we examined self-monitoring differences (which also involve identity) in spirituality and religiousness. According to Fuglestad and Snyder (2010), low self-monitors are driven by internal states (attitudes, values), whereas high self-monitors are motivated by external factors (social roles, norms). Participants completed the Self-Monitoring Scale (Snyder, 1974), the Religious Orientation Scale (Allport & Ross, 1967), and a forced …

Monsters Don't Eat Broccoli--A Pilot And Feasibility Study On Play And Food Acceptance In Preschoolers, Briana Lopez B.A., Kimberly Ciccone, Raul Ortiz, Ahna Parker, Anita Fuglestad Phd

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

It is common for preschool children to demonstrate neophobia, the fear of trying new foods, which can make them more reluctant to accept fruits and vegetables. As a result, many parents struggle to find adequate solutions to promote healthy eating. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of using pretend play in preschool children to improve food acceptance. Children from the UNF preschool were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: the control group with no pretend play (n= 15), and the experimental group with pretend play (n=12). Each group first participated in a play session …

Effects Of Sex Stereotypes: Causal & Moral Attributions For Child Physical Abuse, Reema Sabella, Rachel Woolard, Louanne Hawkins, Christopher Leone

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

According to Fiske (2018), sex stereotypes are characteristics ascribed to men (e.g., aggressive) and women (e.g., nurturant) as well as boys (tough) and girls (vulnerable. Stereotypes provide a basis for social judgments (Macrae & Quadflieg, 2010). For example, sex stereotypes play a role in individuals’ attitudes about child physical abuse (Leone, Hawkins, & Bright, 2018). We investigated whether these stereotypes played a role in attributions that individuals make about parents and children involved in physical altercations. Participants read scenarios in which mothers or fathers slapped either daughters or sons after those children had been verbally provocative. Participants then indicated whether …

Nonverbal Synchrony Between Dyads As A Function Of Protective Versus Acquisitive Self-Monitoring, Taylor Santioni, Sophia Klebener, Arielle Kantor, Robert Moulder, Christopher Leone

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Synchrony is coordinated nonverbal behavior between two individuals (Ramseyer & Tschacher, 2006). Dispositional differences in self-monitoring involves responsivity to others (Fuglestad & Snyder, 2010). Acquisitive self-monitoring entails responsivity for gain social/nonsocial rewards, whereas protective self-monitoring entails responsivity for avoiding social/nonsocial losses (Wilmot, 2015). We explored the connection between self-monitoring and nonverbal synchrony. Pairs of participants had 5-minute conversation on a non-controversial topic to control for the influence of affect on synchrony (Tschacher et al., 2014). We utilized Motion Energy Analysis and Windowed Crossed Correlation software to quantify nonverbal synchrony. Participants completed the 25-item Self-Monitoring Scale (Snyder, 1974), and responses were …

Examining The Neural Activity Of Self-Monitoring Using Fnirs, Ambriel Cohen, Paul Fuglestad, Katherine C. Hooper, Isabel Suazo, Lauren Toledo, Dr. Christopher Leone

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

In social psychology, self-monitoring refers to the way in which individuals regulate the manner in which they present themselves to others. High self-monitors are those who are driven to fit in, and strategically adapt their presentation of self to cultivate a specific image of themselves. Low self-monitors are driven more by their personal values and are less likely to adjust their behaviors situationally. One component of self-monitoring is emotional regulation, where high self-monitors are more adept at regulating the presentation of their emotions, (e.g. concealing and faking them), than low self-monitors. We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to study how …

A Review Of The Caregiver's Feeding Style Questionnaire (Cfsq): Differences In Parent-Child Feeding Styles Across Geographic Location, Caregiver Roles, And Head Start Samples, Heather Johnson, Briana Lopez, Rayna Garcia, Jody S. Nicholson Phd

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Introduction: The Caregiver’s Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ) is a measure of parent feeding styles developed for low-income minority families. It is made up of four main categories which are associated with different child outcomes including childhood obesity. This review sought to describe the differences in child outcomes among international populations, maternal caregivers, and Head Start samples.

Method: This review examined 683 publications that cited the 2005 Hughes article introducing the CFSQ measure. Of these, only 44 were relevant to our review because they met the inclusion criteria of 1) using the CFSQ measure and 2) providing a categorical breakdown of …

Save The Turtles! Examining Motivators For Pro-Environmental Behaviors, M. Ryan Nugent, Megan Kemp, Heather Barnes Truelove Phd

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

In response to multiple vivid images about plastic straw pollution, multiple major corporations have started to reduce their straw waste or completely ban straw use. These images are assumed to lead to increased guilt, environmental identity, and environmental concern that is thought to then motivate additional pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs). In the first part of the study (Time 1), participants were randomly assigned to either watch a saddening video of a turtle struggling with a plastic straw stuck in its nose (the environmental appeal), or to not watch the video (controls). They were then surveyed on their levels of guilt, pro-environmental …

Evaluating The Introduce A Girl To Engineering Day Program, Karinna A. Rodriguez Bs, Karin Rogers Bs, Zoe I. Kennedy, Alexandra Schonning Phd, Susan Perez Phd

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

It is well-documented that women in the United States are underrepresented in STEM fields and engineering in particular. This results in the underutilization of the available range of human resources and diverse problem-solving capacity in addressing the types of problems engineers are trained to solve. The lack of female representation in STEM fields may be associated with gender stereotypes and cultural practices that steer women away from engineering, a process that begins in childhood. This study examined the impact of one type of outreach, a 1-day opportunity for young girls in grades 1 through 5 to learn about and get …

How Warmth And Competence Stereotypes Predict Political Party Support, Katie Locke, Tyler Nagle, Xylie Miller, Elizabeth R. Brown, Curtis E. Phills

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

People use stereotypes and party affiliation when making voting decisions (Leeper, 1991). Voters are also known to support the political party they view positively (Graham, Nosek, & Haidt, 2012). How do stereotypes influence political party support? Since warmth and competence are used to evaluate social groups (Cuddy et al. 2008), we examined how the warmth and competence stereotypes associated with political parties were related to voter support. We surveyed participants using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (n = 361). Participant’s ages ranged from twenty to seventy-three years old. These participants rated Democrats, Republicans, Independents, and Libertarians on competence, warmth, and support (Buhrmester, …

"Being Motivated To Protect": The Influence Of Sexual Communal Motivations On Sexual Risk Taking, Robert V. Phillips, Sadana S. Mukundan, Luke J. Lovelady, Elizabeth R. Brown, Elissa M. Barr

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

College-aged students are a high-risk population for unplanned pregnancy with 40% of women between the ages of 18-20 experiencing an unplanned pregnancy. This can cause physical, mental, and emotional stress resulting in withdrawal from college for the student. Communal motivation (being oriented towards other’s needs) positively predicts condom use. WISE interventions, a simple yet impactful type of interventions targeted towards addressing a problem, have been shown to be successful. Participants completed a sexual risk behavior measure, sexual risk-taking measure and communal motivations (CM) measure following a sexual health video, and reflection activity were participants either applied the sexual health information …

An Evaluation Of Context Awareness In Similarity Measurement: Total-Set Versus Classic Pairwise Comparison, Kayleigh Aubin, John Kulpa Phd

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

How someone perceives similarity gives insight into how they learn and process information. Pairwise comparison is a useful tool in determining a person’s perception of similarity. In classic pairwise comparison, a participant is shown two items of a set at a time, repeating the process until the entirety of the set has been evaluated. Total-set pairwise comparison shows the participant the entire set while highlighting items in the set to evaluate. It has been assumed that, in the classic method, the participant’s judgments across trials are made with increasing awareness of the total-set context, and that the total-set method fixes …

Measuring Cognitive Control And Reducing Racial Bias With Fnirs, Tyla Gelman, Mateen Sheikh, Kristan Palermo, Robert Phillips, Katherine C. Hooper, Curtis E. Phills

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

To investigate factors that could reduce the disproportionate killings of Black Americans by police officials, this research examines if cognitive control moderates the impact of stereotype-reduction training on stereotype activation. Participants in the counter-stereotypic training condition selects cell phones when presented with images of Black individuals and selects guns when presented with images of White individuals, whereas participants in the stereotype-maintenance condition made the opposite selections. The cognitive control is inferred from functional near-infrared spectroscopy (FNIRS) BOLD (blood oxygen level-dependent) responses in the prefrontal cortex during the training and implicit stereotyping tasks. We predicted that stereotype-reduction training would be most …

Not The Destination: A Closer Look At The Process Of Spatial Arrangement In Measuring Subjective Similarity, Madeleine Powers, John D. Kulpa

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Studying similarity can provide insight into numerous cognitive processes, including decision making, learning, memory, and behavior in day-to-day life. Because of its wide applicability, it is important that we have good ways to measure similarity. Past research has developed methods to measure the way a person perceives the similarity between items through a multiple-trial test using a computer. In spatial arrangement methods, participants communicate perceived similarity by arranging items on a screen, with the distance between item pairs proportional to their similarity where the closer a pair of items are at the end of the trial, the more similar they …

The Effect Of Imagined Support On Physiological Indicators Of Stress, Breana L. Bryant, Paul T. Fuglestad

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Social support is known to help buffer the effects of stress (Uchino et al., 1996). However, in many situations social support is unavailable, and imagining social support may help to reduce the impact of stress. Although imagined physical touch has been shown to be an effective stress buffer, little research has compared it to other types of imagined support (Feldman et al., 2010). Additionally, women tend to seek emotional support, whereas men tend to seek tangible support, but it is unknown if imagining those types of support will reduce stress (Reevy & Maslach, 2001). To gain greater insight into these …

Internal Mental Representations Of The Self And The Typical College Student In Regards To Race, Academic Motivation, And Self-Esteem, Celina Johnson

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

White supremacy rallies, like the one at the University of North Florida in 2017, are still common on college campuses which raises questions about how they influence the self-esteem and academic motivation of minority students. When it comes to minority students’ internal representations of themselves vs. a “typical” college student, feelings of alienation may arise when it comes to their sense of belonging on the college campus. The present research has two phases and was designed to investigate how internal mental representations of the self are related to academic motivation. After measuring Phase 1 participants’ self-esteem, they will generate images …

Exploring Communal And Gendered Influences On Sexual Health Practices, Courtney Olds, Luke Lovelady, Emery Hanson, Elizabeth R. Brown

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

In the U.S., 10% of female college students who have an unplanned pregnancy, drop out (UPFO, 2016). Additionally, young adults (15-24) account for half of the new STI’s (CDC, 2017). Previous research has established communal (other-oriented) motivation is positively associated with factors that predict safe sex practices (e.g., condom use intentions) (Phillips et al., 2019). Conversely, gender norms (societal expectations affiliated with gender) are negatively associated with factors that predict safe sex practices (e.g., partner communication and self-efficacy). For instance, although, women who report higher self-efficacy are more likely to engage in partner communication, women who rely on traditional gender …

A Review On Autism Spectrum Disorder: Disclosure & Identity, Hope Sparks

Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)

Within four years, prevalence of Autism increased from 1 in 68 students to 1 in 54 students (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020), resulting in the number of college students with autism increasing (Wei et al., 2016). These students can face challenges with academics, social skills, and self-advocacy (Cox et al., 2017). Students with autism are almost twenty percent less likely than non-autistic peers to receive degrees (White et al., 2016). Colleges aren’t prepared on how to best support students with autism (Cox et al., 2017), and students aren’t able to get …