Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- FMRI (2)
- Hippocampus (2)
- Adolescents (1)
- Aerobic Fitness (1)
- Amygdala (1)
-
- Attention (1)
- Avoidance (1)
- Borderline Personality Disorder (1)
- Cognitive control (1)
- Cognitive functioning (1)
- Data driven (1)
- Dialectical Behavior Therapy (1)
- ERP (1)
- Error Monitoring (1)
- Exposure (1)
- Extinction (1)
- Eye-tracking (1)
- Fear learning (1)
- Functional Connectivity (1)
- Functional connectivity (1)
- Intellectual Functioning (1)
- Learning and Memory (1)
- Multilevel modeling (1)
- NF1 (1)
- Neighborhood Disadvantage (1)
- Network (1)
- Neurofibromatosis (1)
- Neuroimaging (1)
- Neuropsychology (1)
- OCD (1)
Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Proactive And Reactive Cognitive Control Under Threat Of Unpredictable Shock: A Combined Eye-Tracking And Eeg Study Using Multilevel Modeling, Salahadin Lotfi
Proactive And Reactive Cognitive Control Under Threat Of Unpredictable Shock: A Combined Eye-Tracking And Eeg Study Using Multilevel Modeling, Salahadin Lotfi
Theses and Dissertations
We are constantly bombarded by environmental distractors in daily life which interfere with internal, ongoing goals, thus cognitive control processes need to be in place to adapt to maintain these goals in light of the environmental demands. These cognitive processes (generally referred to cognitive control) are thought to be adjusted reactively or proactively to deal with distractors. There is little evidence on how state anxiety dynamically interacts with these two modes of cognitive control. Taking advantage of a multimodal methodology, through two experiments, we replicated existing findings of reactive and proactive control processes via utilizing a Flanker task in a …
Data-Driven Approach To Dynamic Resting State Functional Connectivity In Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Carissa Weis
Data-Driven Approach To Dynamic Resting State Functional Connectivity In Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Carissa Weis
Theses and Dissertations
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogenous psychological disorder that may result from exposure to a traumatic event. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), symptoms of PTSD have been associated with aberrations in brain networks that emerge in the absence of a given cognitive demand or task, called resting state networks. Most previous research in resting state networks and PTSD has focused on aberrations in the static functional connectivity among specific regions of interest (ROI) in the brain and within canonical networks constrained by a priori hypotheses. However, dynamic fMRI, an approach that examines changes in brain network characteristics over …
Stability And Predictive Value Of Intellectual Functioning In Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Beginning In The Preschool Years, Gregor Nathanael Pau Schwarz
Stability And Predictive Value Of Intellectual Functioning In Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Beginning In The Preschool Years, Gregor Nathanael Pau Schwarz
Theses and Dissertations
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple aspects of cognitive functioning, including intellectual functioning, attention, and executive functioning. The predictive value of intellectual functioning (IF) in the preschool years for IF in the school- age and early adolescent years has not been examined in youth with NF1. In this study, the reliability and predictive value of preschool IF for school-age IF were examined using both bivariate correlation and more complex linear mixed models. The participants were 55 youth with NF1 from ages 3 to 13 years. Intellectual functioning was measured with the Differential Ability Scales …
Utilizing Cognitive Assessment To Predict Exposure And Response Prevention Treatment Response, Gregory Samuel Berlin
Utilizing Cognitive Assessment To Predict Exposure And Response Prevention Treatment Response, Gregory Samuel Berlin
Theses and Dissertations
Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is the first-line treatment for the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, a substantial portion of individuals in treatment may not see benefit, and efforts to find predictors of treatment outcomes have been challenging. Response inhibition (RI), which has been linked to OCD symptoms, is theoretically promising as a predictor of ERP treatment outcomes. In this study, we utilized inhibitory capabilities, measured at admission to partial hospitalization programs (PHP) at Rogers Memorial Hospital, to predict treatment outcomes in ERP. We hypothesized that worse performance in RI subdomains of action cancellation, action withholding, and interference control, as well …
The Association Of Aerobic Fitness With Resting State Functional Connectivity And Verbal Learning And Memory In Healthy Young Adults, Kyle Joseph Jennette
The Association Of Aerobic Fitness With Resting State Functional Connectivity And Verbal Learning And Memory In Healthy Young Adults, Kyle Joseph Jennette
Theses and Dissertations
The beneficial effects of exercise and cardiopulmonary fitness on general health, quality of life, and reduction of mortality are well known in older adults. There is evidence to support the positive effects of exercise and aerobic fitness on psychiatric and neurocognitive function in children, adults, and older adults. Indeed, many studies have explored the positive effects of aerobic fitness on slowing cognitive decline associated with normal and pathological aging. However, comparatively fewer empirical studies in the literature exist to support and understand the effects of aerobic fitness on the developing brain, particularly during adolescence and young adulthood, especially as it …
Factors Contributing To Executive Functioning In Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Brianna Yund
Factors Contributing To Executive Functioning In Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Brianna Yund
Theses and Dissertations
Despite variability in the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cognitive phenotype, attention and executive functioning (EF) difficulties are often described, and high rates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have long been associated with NF1. Despite the known clinical relation between NF1 and ADHD, there is a paucity of research exploring potential factors that contribute to ADHD vulnerabilities in children and adolescents with NF1. Furthermore, recent research suggests that impairment in EF, a construct highly associated with ADHD, occurs in children with NF1 independent of ADHD diagnosis suggesting that the presence of EF impairment in children with NF1 may not be uniquely associated …
Treatment Predictors Of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Among Adolescent Females In Residential Care, Taylor Davine
Treatment Predictors Of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Among Adolescent Females In Residential Care, Taylor Davine
Theses and Dissertations
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a comprehensive intervention for the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD), which is characterized by significant emotion dysregulation and associated parasuicidal behaviors. Findings from 21 randomized-controlled trials indicated that DBT is effective in the treatment of BPD symptoms. While effective, some individuals do not obtain symptoms reductions after completing DBT. The aim of the current study was to identify factors that predict treatment response among adolescent females (N = 107) receiving DBT in a residential setting. It was hypothesized that residents with elevated scores of emotion regulation difficulties, intolerance of uncertainty, experiential avoidance, social anxiety …
A Psychometric Evaluation Of Computerized Attention Measures In Young Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Sara Katharine Pardej
A Psychometric Evaluation Of Computerized Attention Measures In Young Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Sara Katharine Pardej
Theses and Dissertations
Children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) often demonstrate difficulties with attention and executive functioning that can be evident even starting at a young age. Despite this consistent finding in the literature, there has been no research to determine which measures of attention are most suitable for use with children with NF1. Recently, there have been several computerized measures of attention and executive abilities that have become available to researchers and clinicians. This study explored the National Institute of Health Toolbox Flanker, Dimensional Change Card Sort, and List Sort Working Memory; Cogstate Identification; and Conners Kiddie Continuous Performance Test, second edition …
Shaped By The Environment: The Influence Of Childhood Trauma Exposure, Individual Socioeconomic Position, And Neighborhood Disadvantage On Brain Morphology, Elisabeth Kathleen Webb
Shaped By The Environment: The Influence Of Childhood Trauma Exposure, Individual Socioeconomic Position, And Neighborhood Disadvantage On Brain Morphology, Elisabeth Kathleen Webb
Theses and Dissertations
The relationship between an individual’s socioeconomic position (SEP) and their overall physical and mental health has been well demonstrated. Far less is known about how area-level factors, such as neighborhood disadvantage, “get under the skin”. Previous research indicates lower SEP and childhood trauma negatively effects brain structure and function. The hippocampus, amygdala, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) are particularly vulnerable to adversity. The current study investigated how individual SEP, childhood trauma, and neighborhood disadvantage impact these structures. Two-hundred and fifteen individuals were recruited from an Emergency Department in southeastern Wisconsin. Two-weeks post-traumatic injury, participants completed a structural magnetic resonance imaging …
Neural Substrates Of Active Avoidance And Its Impact On Fear Extinction, Elizabeth Parisi
Neural Substrates Of Active Avoidance And Its Impact On Fear Extinction, Elizabeth Parisi
Theses and Dissertations
Models of anxiety suggest that avoidance of a conditioned fear stimulus prevents new safety learning, thereby serving to maintain fear. However, there is little empirical data in humans on the impact of avoidance of conditioned fear stimuli on subsequent fear extinction. In the present study I investigated the effect of avoidance of threat on neural activity during avoidance/control and a subsequent extinction phase using ultra high-resolution (7T) fMRI. Results indicated that active avoidance was associated with increased activity in regions involved in reward prediction, but this did not differentiate active avoidance from an active control condition. Neural activation during the …
Simultaneous Marijuana And Alcohol Use And Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration In College Students, Haley Kolp
Simultaneous Marijuana And Alcohol Use And Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration In College Students, Haley Kolp
Theses and Dissertations
Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is a prevalent public health problem in college students and is associated with a variety of negative outcomes, such as suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. Alcohol use and IPV perpetration are strongly and positively associated in college students, but the literature is less clear when examining the relationship between marijuana use and IPV perpetration. Further, no study has examined the relationship between simultaneous marijuana and alcohol (SAM) use (i.e., using alcohol and marijuana at the same time so that the effects overlap) and IPV perpetration in college students. Thus, the current thesis cross-sectionally examined the …