Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Compliance (2)
- Academic dishonesty (1)
- And culture (1)
- Anterior cingulate (1)
- Anxiety (1)
-
- Avoidance (1)
- Bilingual (1)
- CPAP (1)
- Children (1)
- Concussions (1)
- Cultural sports neuropsychology (1)
- Development (1)
- Fear (1)
- Feedback accuracy (1)
- General strain theory (1)
- Health Counseling Training (1)
- High-p instructions (1)
- Integrity (1)
- Language and memory (1)
- Language and neurocognitive performance (1)
- Loss discounting (1)
- Low-p instructions (1)
- Medial prefrontal cortex (1)
- Memory Clinic (1)
- MoCA (1)
- Neuroimaging (1)
- Noncompliance (1)
- Performance feedback (1)
- Primary Care Psychology Training (1)
- Ratio sequence. (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Evaluation Of A Tool To Identify The Variables Responsible For Poor Parent Treatment Implementation: The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Parent, Jamie Villacorta
Evaluation Of A Tool To Identify The Variables Responsible For Poor Parent Treatment Implementation: The Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Parent, Jamie Villacorta
Theses and Dissertations
In applied behavior analysis, parents are often taught to implement treatment programs in order to decrease their child’s problem behaviors and increase appropriate behaviors. Unfortunately, many parents have trouble implementing these programs correctly. It has been suggested that higher treatment integrity for a specified treatment program may be associated with higher levels of its success. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the use of an assessment tool (i.e., the Performance Diagnostic Checklist-Parent, or PDC-P) to develop a treatment specifically targeted to address the variables responsible for poor program implementation by parents. First, the PDC-P was administered to …
The Gritty Black Single Mother: Protective Factors And The Influence Of Black Single Mother’S Grit On Young Adult Outcomes, Keara Cherrell Washington
The Gritty Black Single Mother: Protective Factors And The Influence Of Black Single Mother’S Grit On Young Adult Outcomes, Keara Cherrell Washington
Theses and Dissertations
Over the span of decades, literature has highlighted that offspring from Black Single Maternal Caregiver Households (BSMCH) will experience negative outcomes, including academic deficits and psychological distress, as a function of the adversarial barriers (i.e. low socioeconomic status, mother’s lack of educational attainment, and ecological threats) encountered within their environment. Despite the apparent potential negative outcomes, there are numerous examples of Black offspring from BSMCH who are resilient and successful, despite dire familial circumstances. However, their stories do not appear to be reflected in the literature. The purpose of this study was to reveal the untold story of resilient Black …
Effect Of Cpap Compliance On A Cognitive Screening Test In A Memory Clinic Population With Sleep Apnea, Tatiana Marie Vallejo-Luces
Effect Of Cpap Compliance On A Cognitive Screening Test In A Memory Clinic Population With Sleep Apnea, Tatiana Marie Vallejo-Luces
Theses and Dissertations
Objectives: To determine whether the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was a sensitive indicator of cognitive improvement following introduction of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in community memory clinic (CMC) patients who had been diagnosed with sleep apnea (SA). Method: Twenty-six CPAP compliant CMC patients (61.5% male; 96.2% Caucasian/Non-Hispanic) with a diagnosis of SA (66-87 years (M=76.27(4.90)) completed a MoCA before initiation of treatment and again 4-9 months later. CPAP compliance was documented through CPAP machine compliance reports and/or clinical interview with patient and family member during subsequent medical visits. Twenty CPAP non-compliant CMC patients (85% male, 100% Caucasian/Non-Hispanic; 66-90 years …
Effective Parental Cooperation And Communication As Protective Factors For Adult Offspring Of Divorce, Damla Til Ogut
Effective Parental Cooperation And Communication As Protective Factors For Adult Offspring Of Divorce, Damla Til Ogut
Theses and Dissertations
Research and society have focused attention on how divorce affects family dynamics for decades. The clinical literature points to significant discrepancies in psychological variables between offspring from divorced versus intact families, suggesting that divorce contributes to negative psychosocial outcomes. Accordingly, investigations have revealed the adverse effects of co-parental conflict and antagonistic communication on divorce offspring’s psychological outcomes. Although parental cooperation and communication are suggested to serve as protective factors, more research is needed, given the current literature’s reliance on measures of psychopathology, yet making conclusions on psychological wellness. Among 244 college students, results indicated that divorce offspring reported lower levels …
Two-Week Test-Retest Reliability Of The Scale Of Accurate Personality Prediction, Lisa Dawn Stewart
Two-Week Test-Retest Reliability Of The Scale Of Accurate Personality Prediction, Lisa Dawn Stewart
Theses and Dissertations
The Scale of Accurate Personality Prediction (SAPP) is a measure derived from the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF Fifth Edition) with the objective of assessing one’s level of self-knowledge. The SAPP measures self-knowledge by appraising the extent to which individuals are able to accurately predict their personality traits. Previous research on the SAPP has provided support for its construct validation. The present study served as a replication of prior reliability studies to further assess the SAPP’s temporal stability. Test-retest reliability data of the SAPP was obtained by comparing SAPP scores from 34 individuals across two testing sessions that were two …
A Validation Study Of The Cross Cultural Competenc E Navigator, Xiaowen Chen
A Validation Study Of The Cross Cultural Competenc E Navigator, Xiaowen Chen
Theses and Dissertations
C ross cultural competency (3C) is defined as an individual’s capability to effectively function in culturally diverse contexts, which is influenced by a set of individual antecedents. In the literature 3C has been characterized by a number of models and associated measures. In this thesis, 3C capability was described by seven distinctive antecedents, i.e. mindfulness, inquisitiveness, interpersonal skills, emotional stability, cultural knowledge, cultural experience and foreign language. A pragmatic 3C model was presented based on the literature findings, detailing the underlying mechanisms of 3C and its potential nomological network. The model attempted to reconcile three major disagreements in 3C research, …
Effects Of Cultural Factors In Sports-Related Concussion Testing Performance Of Collegiate Athletes, Gabriela Andrea González Torres
Effects Of Cultural Factors In Sports-Related Concussion Testing Performance Of Collegiate Athletes, Gabriela Andrea González Torres
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to explore potential differences in preseason baseline concussion testing between an ethnically and linguistically diverse sample of Division 2 NCAA collegiate student-athletes. A value-added second aim was to create awareness regarding the implications of multiculturalism as it relates to neuropsychological testing of sport related concussions. This study is part of a, slow yet steady, growing body of research concerning diversity issues within the sport setting. 479 Division II collegiate athletes from the Florida Institute of Technology were assessed during mandatory preseason baseline testing. The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing, the Sports Concussion …
Training Personal Information To Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diana C. Carlos
Training Personal Information To Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Diana C. Carlos
Theses and Dissertations
For many children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, learning emergency information such as their parents’ names, contact information, or important health information may be useful in case of elopement, getting lost, or abduction. In the present study, I evaluated the use of video self-modeling (VSM) to facilitate acquisition of personal information in comparison to echoic prompts using a parallel treatments design with children with ASD. Components of the intervention included: a test, followed by the prompt (e.g., echoic or VSM) for no response given or for an incorrect response. The use of VSM involves the learner viewing a video of …
Substance Abuse And Other Factors That Influence Recidivism For Mental Health Court Graduates, Justine Maria Swanson
Substance Abuse And Other Factors That Influence Recidivism For Mental Health Court Graduates, Justine Maria Swanson
Theses and Dissertations
Mental health courts (MHC) were designed to divert the overwhelming number of individuals with mental illness involved in the criminal justice system from incarceration through specialty court proceedings intended to meet their unique needs. Individuals who have both mental health problems and substance use are at a disadvantage. For them, this combination contributes to more severe mental health symptoms, physical health issues, interpersonal challenges, and legal problems. The co-occurrence of mental illness and substance use is increasing in prevalence within both the community and justice system settings; however, few studies have explored the effectiveness of MHCs for this specific population …
Not So Bad: Avoidance And Aversive Discounting Modulate Threat Appraisal In Anterior Cingulate And Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Michael W. Schlund, Adam T. Brewer, David M. Richman, Sandy K. Magee, Simon Dymond
Not So Bad: Avoidance And Aversive Discounting Modulate Threat Appraisal In Anterior Cingulate And Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Michael W. Schlund, Adam T. Brewer, David M. Richman, Sandy K. Magee, Simon Dymond
Psychology Faculty Publications
The dorsal anterior cingulate (adACC) and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) play a central role in the discrimination and appraisal of threatening stimuli. Yet, little is known about what specific features of threatening situations recruit these regions and how avoidance may modulate appraisal and activation through prevention of aversive events. In this investigation, 30 healthy adults underwent functional neuroimaging while completing an avoidance task in which responses to an Avoidable CS+ threat prevented delivery of an aversive stimulus, but not to an Unavoidable CS+ threat. Extinction testing was also completed where CSs were presented without aversive stimulus delivery and an …
The Clinical Utility Of Recaptured Baselines After Return-To-Play, Alicia Miran Kissinger-Knox
The Clinical Utility Of Recaptured Baselines After Return-To-Play, Alicia Miran Kissinger-Knox
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the clinical utility of recaptured baselines or “rebaselines” in collegiate athletes after return-to-play. Several concussion management teams endorse the use of baseline neurocognitive assessments at the beginning of an athlete’s sports season to use as a measure of comparison in the instance of concussion or head injury. Once physical and cognitive symptoms are resolved, an athlete is requested to reestablish their baseline for the rest of the season. It has been questioned whether this “rebaselining” is necessary and warranted. Method: Forty-one Division II collegiate athletes at Florida Institute of Technology who sustained …
Assessing The Combined Effects Of Resurgence And Renewal, Madeleine Keevy
Assessing The Combined Effects Of Resurgence And Renewal, Madeleine Keevy
Theses and Dissertations
Resurgence and renewal are laboratory models of treatment relapse revealing the effects of treatment integrity errors and context change on problem behavior eliminated through treatment with differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA). This study used translational methods to assess the effects of context change after DRA (renewal) with and without extinction in the form of treatment integrity errors (resurgence) on relapse in children with autism. In Phase 1 and in Context A, we trained an arbitrary target response. In Phase 2 and in Context B, we extinguished the target response and reinforced an alternative response. Phase 3 tested for relapse …
An Analysis Of The Role Of Reactivity In The Observer Effect, Allison Hughes King
An Analysis Of The Role Of Reactivity In The Observer Effect, Allison Hughes King
Theses and Dissertations
Peer observations, which consist of employees observing and scoring their coworkers’ performance of some targeted behavior(s), are often an important component of behavioral safety interventions. Research on peer observations has demonstrated that individuals improve their performance of a task as a result of observing and evaluating their coworkers perform that task, a phenomenon known as the observer effect. Most of the research has demonstrated this effect when the observers were aware that their performance of the task was also being observed, suggesting that reactivity may play an important role. The current study examined this by evaluating the impact that observing …
Using Discrimination Training To Establish Conditioned Reinforcers: A Replication And Test Of Maintenance, Chelsea Iris Moore
Using Discrimination Training To Establish Conditioned Reinforcers: A Replication And Test Of Maintenance, Chelsea Iris Moore
Theses and Dissertations
A stimulus becomes a conditioned reinforcer when it acquires reinforcing properties by virtue of being paired with a primary reinforcer. Researchers have evaluated different methods to condition reinforcers for children diagnosed with autism because this population often does not respond to social reinforcers in the way their typically developing peers do. One method of establishing a conditioned reinforcer is the conditioned reinforcement of a discriminative stimulus (SD) procedure. The discrimination training procedure involves a neutral stimulus being established as an SD by reinforcing a specific response in its presence. Then, the established SD is tested as a conditioned reinforcer by …
The Effect Of Safety Coaching On The Accuracy Of Safety Observations And Feedback, Nicholas Matey
The Effect Of Safety Coaching On The Accuracy Of Safety Observations And Feedback, Nicholas Matey
Theses and Dissertations
Behavior-based safety (BBS) is an effective approach to decreasing workplace incidents and injuries. BBS typically consists of a peer observation and data collection process, and a feedback process. Accurate observations are required to provide accurate feedback, and accurate feedback is essential for acquisition and performance improvement. This study alternated observation only and required feedback phases during peer observations to examine whether requiring observers to provide immediate feedback following an observation affects the accuracy of the observation itself. Four participants were included in the study and the conditions were evaluated using a counterbalanced ABAB design. Results suggested that requiring observers to …
Emotional Labor In A Computer-Mediated Environment, Christa P. Bupp
Emotional Labor In A Computer-Mediated Environment, Christa P. Bupp
Theses and Dissertations
As more organizations enter into a global economy, the use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) becomes a necessary component for survival. However, the effects of CMC on employees and customers is still not well understood. Although research on work-related emotions has been flourishing in the last several years (Brief & Weiss, 2002), there have been relatively few studies done on emotions in a computer-mediated environment and even less done on emotional labor in a computer-mediated environment. The purpose of the present research is to examine emotional regulation strategies in a computer-mediated environment. Affective events theory (AET) is utilized as an overarching …
Emotional Display Rule Conflict In Student Affairs And Services Administrators, Tessly Ann Dieguez
Emotional Display Rule Conflict In Student Affairs And Services Administrators, Tessly Ann Dieguez
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines a proposed model in which display rule conflict occurs when employees’ personal emotional display rule goals or values (operationalized as student customer orientation and individual-level power distance) are inconsistent with the emotional display rule goals of their department or culture (operationalized as department-level student customer orientation and country-level power distance, respectively). No significant effects of the interaction between personal and department-level student customer orientation or personal and department-level power distance on display rule commitment were found. Results did show that display rule conflict has a negative effect on display rule commitment. Further, display rule conflict predicted emotional …
Feedback Environment Intervention: Changing The Performance Management Paradigm From Systems To People, James R. Gallo
Feedback Environment Intervention: Changing The Performance Management Paradigm From Systems To People, James R. Gallo
Theses and Dissertations
For years, empirical research has supported the claims that an organization’s feedback environment is related to numerous beneficial outcomes for employees and organizations. While we have a valid and reliable way to measure this feedback environment, we don’t know much about how to intervene in organizations to create a favorable feedback environment. This research study attempted to improve an organization’s feedback environment through a planned change intervention and therefore to create new institutionalized group norms often prevalent in a favorable feedback environment. The goal of the intervention was to train employees on the seven dimensions of the feedback environment and …
The Effects Of Feedback Accuracy On Rumor And Performance During An Analogue Task, Joshua Lawrence Lipschultz
The Effects Of Feedback Accuracy On Rumor And Performance During An Analogue Task, Joshua Lawrence Lipschultz
Theses and Dissertations
Feedback is the most commonly used intervention in Organizational Behavior Management (OBM). Recent OBM research has examined both the effects of inaccurate feedback (FB) on performance as well as rumors created due to inaccurate rules. The current study expanded upon both of these lines of research by examining the verbal behavior exhibited by dyads of participants during an analogue task as they were exposed to three different levels of FB accuracy (i.e., one-third FB of the actual number of entries completed, accurate FB, and tripled FB of the actual number of entries completed). The study also assessed the relative effects …
Effects Of Rich And Lean Treatment Contexts On Renewal, Sandhya Rajagopal
Effects Of Rich And Lean Treatment Contexts On Renewal, Sandhya Rajagopal
Theses and Dissertations
Relapse of problem behavior following behavioral intervention can occur for many reasons, including a change in setting after treatment. Reappearance of a previously extinguished behavior due to a context change is termed renewal. Laboratory models have demonstrated renewal by training a target behavior in one stimulus context, extinguishing the behavior in another context, and testing for relapse in the training context, where the behavior remains in extinction. Basic-research studies of relapse have also shown that conditions of the treatment environment, such as reinforcement schedules, can affect the amount of relapse observed. Assuming that quality of the treatment context could have …
A Comparison Between Online And In-Vivo Parent Training On Parental Acquisition Of Skills To Promote Appropriate Behaviors In Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Abigail L. Blackman
A Comparison Between Online And In-Vivo Parent Training On Parental Acquisition Of Skills To Promote Appropriate Behaviors In Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Abigail L. Blackman
Theses and Dissertations
Individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often receive Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) to acquire skills to live as independently as possible. However, skills learned through EIBI often do not generalize well without the help of the child’s parents (or other caregivers). Therefore, parent training is integral for individuals with ASD to generalize and maintain acquired skills. Research supports Applied Behavior Analysis as being effective in teaching parents to work with their children. Currently, the most common way to provide parent training is through in-vivo training, which can be costly and time consuming. Therefore, the purpose of the current …
The Effects Of Various Instruction Ratios During The Use Of The High Probability Instructional Sequence To Increase Compliance, Hallie Ertel
The Effects Of Various Instruction Ratios During The Use Of The High Probability Instructional Sequence To Increase Compliance, Hallie Ertel
Theses and Dissertations
Noncompliance is a common behavior problem exhibited by individuals who are typically developing as well as individuals with intellectual disabilities. The high probability sequence, an antecedent intervention, has proven to be effective to increase compliance to instructional demands. The high probability sequence involves presenting instructions with which an individual is likely to comply (highp), followed by an instruction with which the individual is not likely to comply (low-p). Typically, three high-p instructions are presented before presenting the low-p instruction. The current study compared different ratios of high-p to low-p instructions (1:1, 3:1, and 5:1) to determine if there is a …
Shared Leadership: Enactment, Perception, And The Role Of Power Distance, Mina Milosevic
Shared Leadership: Enactment, Perception, And The Role Of Power Distance, Mina Milosevic
Theses and Dissertations
Interest in shared leadership stems from the growing evidence that adopting this approach to team management results in enhanced team performance, team effectiveness, and team satisfaction. However, to fully realize the value of shared leadership, we must understand exactly what shared leadership is as well as when and how it evolves in teams. This study used teams’ verbal communication data to identify shared leadership behaviors and to explore the relationship between behaviorally-enacted shared leadership and its perception by the team members. In addition, the study examined the impact of power distance on shared leadership. The results show that, despite behaviorally-enacted …
An Integrated Model Of Attitude Theory And Applicant Faking Behavior, Matthew Doyle Pita
An Integrated Model Of Attitude Theory And Applicant Faking Behavior, Matthew Doyle Pita
Theses and Dissertations
Applicant faking behavior (AFB) on personality measures has been a long-standing challenge for both researchers and practitioners. Applicant faking behavior is widely defined as a deceptive act that is intended to create a favorable impression (Goffin & Boyd, 2009). The research in this area has evolved with heightened focus on bolstering its theoretical foundation and establishing a consistent and effective operationalization of AFB. This research utilizes archival data from a within-subject design with a sample of job applicants; a procedure that has been recognized as the “gold standard” of the AFB literature (Ryan & Boyce, 2006). Structural Equation Modelling resulted …
Feedback And Effort: A Translational Study, Andressa Arana Sleiman
Feedback And Effort: A Translational Study, Andressa Arana Sleiman
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate an arrangement to establish feedback as more preferred when delivered after higher effort responding rather than lower effort responding. The study took place in the laboratory settings to simulate a working environment. Participants had to complete a mock medical data entry task, and after either one or 20 responses they received feedback. Participants in this study were 16 undergraduate students. The main dependent variable was the percentage of preference change in paired stimulus preference assessments for two categories of stimuli; shapes that signaled which condition they were in and managers that …
A Comparison Of Simultaneous And Delayed Conditioning Of Visual Stimuli In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Stephanie Wathen
A Comparison Of Simultaneous And Delayed Conditioning Of Visual Stimuli In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Stephanie Wathen
Theses and Dissertations
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder and related disabilities often do not respond to social reinforcers, such as praise, in a manner that is consistent with typically developing peers. Conditioning procedures are commonly used to establish new reinforcers with this population; however, there are few published studies examining conditioning procedures with this population. This study compared the effectiveness of simultaneous and delayed conditioning to establish conditioned reinforcers in three children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The conditioning procedures involved pairing a neutral stimulus (a picture card) with an unconditioned reinforcer using a response-stimulus conditioning procedure. Conditioning trials occurred following simple responses, such …
Cultural Values And The Effectiveness Of Trust Repair Strategies In Collaborative Relationships, Kyi Phyu Nyein
Cultural Values And The Effectiveness Of Trust Repair Strategies In Collaborative Relationships, Kyi Phyu Nyein
Theses and Dissertations
Interpersonal trust is a positive expectation that an individual has regarding another individual, and such positive expectation leads to behaviors and outcomes desirable for individuals, groups, and organizations. Despite these benefits and positive outcomes of trust, it can be damaged or broken, and to continue the relationship or effectively work together again, individuals must repair the broken trust. Very little research has been conducted on trust violation and repair in the cross-cultural context, and as more organizations and businesses become global, the influence of culture must be considered in developing and maintaining trusting relationships as well as repairing broken trust …
Give And Take: Validity, Personality Profiling, And Individual Success, Sara Katarina Trané
Give And Take: Validity, Personality Profiling, And Individual Success, Sara Katarina Trané
Theses and Dissertations
This research addresses two critical aspects of organizational performance: (1) identification of individuals who have the potential to become the organization’s greatest assets and (2) identification of individuals who are likely to be the organization’s greatest liabilities. The greatest assets, contributing the most value to the organization, are proposed to be individuals with a predisposition to engage in a prosocial interaction style referred to as give. The greatest liabilities, engaging in behaviors contradicting organizational goals, are proposed to be individuals with an antisocial interaction style referred to as take. Although both givers and takers can be highly successful as individuals, …
What Makes A Business Person A Criminal: An Examination Through Academic Dishonesty, Dakota Lee Fraley
What Makes A Business Person A Criminal: An Examination Through Academic Dishonesty, Dakota Lee Fraley
Theses and Dissertations
The present study examined the interaction between environmental and individual difference characteristics in predicting perceptions of white-collar crime and likelihood to engage in academic dishonesty. It adopted a cross discipline approach that pulls literature from criminology, industrial organizational psychology and academic dishonesty to create the theoretical framework for what causes a person to deviate. General strain theory, rational choice theory and social exchange theory were employed to explain how integrity, perceived stress and perceived injustice could predict likelihood to commit academic dishonesty and perceptions of white-collar crime. Additional analyses looked at how self-control might moderate the relationships between perceived stress …
Using Auditory Extinction Cues To Mitigate Resurgence, Samuel Shvarts
Using Auditory Extinction Cues To Mitigate Resurgence, Samuel Shvarts
Theses and Dissertations
Resurgence is a laboratory model of treatment relapse revealing the effects of treatment-integrity errors on problem behavior eliminated through treatment with differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA). This study took a translational approach to assess the effects of an auditory extinction cue (e-cue) to mitigate resurgence of target responding in children with autism using arbitrary responses to simulate target and alternative responding. The auditory cue was a recorded praise statement introduced in Phase 2 and remained in one of the test conditions in Phase 3. In 8 of 12 resurgence test comparisons (with and without the e-cue), responding was mitigated …