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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Psychological Skills Do Not Always Help Performance: The Moderating Role Of Narcissism, Ross Roberts, Tim Woodman, Lew Hardy, Louise Davis, Harry Wallace
Psychological Skills Do Not Always Help Performance: The Moderating Role Of Narcissism, Ross Roberts, Tim Woodman, Lew Hardy, Louise Davis, Harry Wallace
Harry M. Wallace
Psychological skills are typically viewed as beneficial to performance in competition. Conversely, narcissists appear to thrive in competitive environments so should not need psychological skills to the same degree as less narcissistic individuals. To investigate this moderating hypothesis high-standard ice-skaters completed measures of narcissism, psychological skills, and anxiety before performing their competition routine during training. A week later, participants performed the same routine in competition. Performance was operationalized as the difference between competition and training scores. Moderated regression analyses revealed that narcissism moderated the relationship between psychological skills and performance. Psychological skill effectiveness depends on an individual's degree of narcissism.
The Performance Of Narcissists Rises And Falls With Perceived Opportunity For Glory, Harry Wallace, Roy Baumeister
The Performance Of Narcissists Rises And Falls With Perceived Opportunity For Glory, Harry Wallace, Roy Baumeister
Harry M. Wallace
Narcissists consider themselves to be exceptional performers, but past research has found no consistent relationship between narcissism and performance. The present research tested the hypothesis that the relationship between subclinical narcissism and performance is moderated by a motivational factor: perceived self-enhancement opportunity. Four experiments were conducted, each using different manipulations of self-enhancement opportunity and different performance tasks. In each study, narcissists performed better when self-enhancement opportunity was high rather than low. In contrast, the performance of participants with low narcissism was relatively unaffected by self-enhancement opportunity. Other findings suggested that narcissists' self-enhancement motivation stems more from a desire to garner …
Audience Support And Choking Under Pressure: A Home Disadvantage?, Harry Wallace, Roy Baumeister, Kathleen Vohs
Audience Support And Choking Under Pressure: A Home Disadvantage?, Harry Wallace, Roy Baumeister, Kathleen Vohs
Harry M. Wallace
This paper highlights the not-so-obvious but compelling reasons why the same supportive audiences that can help performers attain their highest potential also may increase performers' risk of choking under pressure. Drawing primarily from social psychology research and theory, we conclude that audience support magnifies performance pressure and induces performers to avoid failure rather than seek success during the most critical moments of performance contests. Although supportive audiences can inspire performers to excel when motivation would otherwise be lacking, audiences may also lead performers towards maladaptive self-monitoring and overcautiousness when the stakes are highest. The increased self-focus that supportive audiences induce …
Narcissistic Self-Enhancement, Harry M. Wallace
Narcissistic Self-Enhancement, Harry M. Wallace
Harry M. Wallace
Self-enhancement encompasses motives and self-directed effort to increase the positivity of one’s self-concept or public image. Self-enhancement concerns are often distinguished from orientations toward self-assessment—seeking either diagnostic self-related information (flattering or otherwise), and self-verification—seeking confirmation of existing self-views (e.g., Sedikides,1993; Swann, 1990). Distinctions are also typically drawn between self- enhancement and self-improvement motives. Although identifying and addressing one’s personal shortcomings could improve long-term self-enhancement prospects, the self-enhancement label is usually reserved for circumstances in which priority is placed on enhancing the status of one’s present self rather than one’s future self (e.g., Taylor, Neter, & Wayment, 1995). Self-enhancement striving is …
Conquest By Force: A Narcissistic Reactance Theory Of Rape And Sexual Coercion, Roy Baumeister, Kathleen Catanese, Harry Wallace
Conquest By Force: A Narcissistic Reactance Theory Of Rape And Sexual Coercion, Roy Baumeister, Kathleen Catanese, Harry Wallace
Harry M. Wallace
Men's efforts to force women to engage in unwanted sexual activity can be explained by a combination of reactance theory and narcissism. Reactance theory suggests that deprivation of specific sexual options will cause men to desire them more, to try to reclaim them by forcing sex and by aggressing against the woman who has refused them, and assorted findings support this analysis. Narcissism is proposed to moderate the link, especially because coercion is relatively rare in response to sexual refusals. Evidence about sexually coercive men supports the narcissism hypothesis, such as by showing self-serving cognitive distortions, an excessive concern with …
Raising Narcissists: What Over-Approving Parents Can Learn From Philippians 2, A. Thornhill
Raising Narcissists: What Over-Approving Parents Can Learn From Philippians 2, A. Thornhill
A. Chadwick Thornhill
No abstract provided.