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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Perpetration Experience And Gender Predicting Empathy With A Stranger Or Acquaintance Rapist, Ruby L. Orth, Suzanne L. Osman
Perpetration Experience And Gender Predicting Empathy With A Stranger Or Acquaintance Rapist, Ruby L. Orth, Suzanne L. Osman
Modern Psychological Studies
This study examined empathy with a hypothetical rapist based on experimentally varied type of rape (stranger; acquaintance), participant perpetration experience, and gender. Undergraduate students (115 male, 206 female) completed the Rape Perpetrator Empathy-During Subscale and Sexual Experiences Survey. Hypotheses were partially supported. Sexual perpetrators (of acquaintances) reported greater empathy than nonperpetrators, and men reported greater empathy than women. Type of rape was not significant. Findings support past research, but more data from rapists is needed.
Assessing And Predicting The Financial Capacity And Financial Literacy Of College Students, Cody Solesbee
Assessing And Predicting The Financial Capacity And Financial Literacy Of College Students, Cody Solesbee
Modern Psychological Studies
This experiment evaluated the relationship between financial capacity, financial literacy, and their supposed predictors. The purpose of this study was to find the best overall predictor of financial capacity and financial literacy, while examining relationships among multiple variables. A neuropsychological battery consisting of eight measures was administered to a sample of 22 males and 28 females, all undergraduates at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Additionally, all participants were Psychology majors. Poor performance by the sample was noted on financial based measures. Estimated IQ, established by the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading, was found in positive correlation with scores …
The Effect Of Audio Recordings And Photographs Of Autistic And Typical Children On Social Judgments, Lauren Ulander, Ingrid Farreras
The Effect Of Audio Recordings And Photographs Of Autistic And Typical Children On Social Judgments, Lauren Ulander, Ingrid Farreras
Modern Psychological Studies
In a counterbalanced, 2x2 mixed factorial design, 61 randomly assigned participants rated two audio recordings and two photographs of autistic or typical children. The hypothesis was that participants would judge autistic children most negatively when listening to audio recordings of them, but that they would judge photographs of autistic and typical children similarly. The two-way mixed ANOVA found a statistically significant main effect for the autistic versus typical child, but no statistically significant main effect for type of medium (recording vs. picture) nor interaction effect. This points to autistic children being judged more negatively in comparison to their typical peers, …
Love Is A Battlefield: Experience Of Love In Relation To Depression, Laura Hill, Cherisse Flanagan
Love Is A Battlefield: Experience Of Love In Relation To Depression, Laura Hill, Cherisse Flanagan
Modern Psychological Studies
Depression is a debilitating mental illness that entails much more than just sadness. In an attempt to discover if there is a relationship between experience of love and depression, a survey was created to assess these variables. The survey included the Experience of Love Questionnaire (ELQ), an author-developed scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (Radloffi 1977). The ELQ consisted of three subscales measuring experience of love in family, friends, and romantic relationships. The hypothesis of this study was that there would be a negative correlation between experience of love and depression. The survey was completed by 103 …
Fitting The Mold: Alcohol Use And Body Image Disturbances In Athletes And Greek-Affiliated Undergraduates, Britany Miley, Holly Mccartney Chalk
Fitting The Mold: Alcohol Use And Body Image Disturbances In Athletes And Greek-Affiliated Undergraduates, Britany Miley, Holly Mccartney Chalk
Modern Psychological Studies
The present study examined alcohol consumption and body image satisfaction in relation to student affiliation with varsity athletics and Greek organizations. Binge drinking, defined as the consumption of six or more drinks on one occasion, was also assessed. Results indicated that varsity athletes and Greek-affiliated students consumed alcohol more frequently and reported more binge drinking episodes compared to non-affiliated students. Additionally, students identifying with both at-risk groups (Greek-Athletes) were associated with the highest reported rates of binge drinking episodes. Greek-Athletes also yielded significantly lower body image satisfaction compared to all other participants. Findings suggest that counselors should aim prevention efforts …
The Relationship Between Individual Differences In Rumination, Distractibility, And Depression, David Y. Suh, Deanna M. Barch
The Relationship Between Individual Differences In Rumination, Distractibility, And Depression, David Y. Suh, Deanna M. Barch
Modern Psychological Studies
According to the response styles theory, rumination and distraction are two different ways to respond to a negative stimulus. Previous studies on the relationship between rumination and distraction and their effect on depression have focused mainly on the active use of these response styles. In the present study, we examined how the natural tendency to be distractible was related to rumination or depression. Participants were asked to answer questionnaires to rumination, distractibility, and depression, and to perform an attention task. Self-reported level of rumination, depression, and distractibility all had a positive correlation with each other. However, task performance indexed by …
Microexpression Detection In Undergraduate Students, Cameron R. Howell, Rebecca E. Hughes
Microexpression Detection In Undergraduate Students, Cameron R. Howell, Rebecca E. Hughes
Modern Psychological Studies
Microexpressions, facial expressions lasting for less than half a second, are a common but unnoticed occurrence. The accuracy of microexpression detection, and college major choice, have both been linked with personality. This led to the hypothesis that different majors should have different levels of accuracy in detection. A convenience sample of 121 undergraduate students, of different majors, was given a short survey about microexpression detection. 10 frontal headshots, portraying examples of 7 different microexpressions, were shown on a screen. Participants were asked to identO, the expressions by choosing from a provided list on the survey. There was no statistical significance …
Synesthesia And Memory: An Exploratory Analysis, Caleb Robinson
Synesthesia And Memory: An Exploratory Analysis, Caleb Robinson
Modern Psychological Studies
Few studies have measured how the memory of individuals with synesthesia, a perceptual phenomenon in which a stimulus triggers a separate sensory experience, is affected because of their novel perceptual experiences. The studies that have examined synesthesia and enhanced memory have been inconclusive, as some have found those with synesthesia exhibit superior memory capabilities, while other studies have not. This study sought to replicate previous studies that have found effects of color congruency. The participant M.P., a female with grapheme-color synesthesia, was given lists of words that were either congruent to her synesthetic experience, random colors, or words in black …
The Effect Of Cause-Related Marketing And Motivation On Consumer Perceptions, Gina Mccoy, Randall A. Renstrom
The Effect Of Cause-Related Marketing And Motivation On Consumer Perceptions, Gina Mccoy, Randall A. Renstrom
Modern Psychological Studies
The present experiment investigated the relationship between motivational style (intrinsic and extrinsic) and cause-related marketing (CRM) on product perceptions. CRM pairs the sale of products with a donation to a specific charitable cause. It was predicted that consumers will have more positive perceptions of products sold through CRM campaigns, be more likely to buy such products paired with CRM, and express more positive attitudes toward companies using CRM. Furthermore, it was predicted that motivational style may impact those attitudes, with intrinsically-motivated individuals showing a greater affinity toward a product when it is paired with a CRM campaign. Overall, results largely …
Auditory Startle Response Predicts Introversion: An Individual Analysis, Kirby M. Jaeger, Austin H. Cox, David Philip Arthur Craig, James W. Grice
Auditory Startle Response Predicts Introversion: An Individual Analysis, Kirby M. Jaeger, Austin H. Cox, David Philip Arthur Craig, James W. Grice
Modern Psychological Studies
We assessed a possible link between the Introversion/Extraversion spectrum and sensori-motor gating and predicted self-reported introverts would have more sensitive sensori-motor gating pathways than extraverts at the individual subject level. 28 subjects self-identified as introverts or extraverts; individuals that self-identified as both introverted and extraverted were classified as "ambiverts". Participants'orbicularis oculus muscles were electromyographically measured while abrupt auditory stimuli ranging from 50 to 100 decibels were played over headphones. As predicted, introverts exhibited greater electromyographical frequencies and magnitudes of response to stimuli at almost all levels of stimulus intensity. These results indicate introverts tend to be more sensitive, on a …
How Social Activity Affects Exercise In A Rat Model Of Depression Proneness, Jacqueline Rojas
How Social Activity Affects Exercise In A Rat Model Of Depression Proneness, Jacqueline Rojas
Modern Psychological Studies
With depression rising worldwide, finding effective, affordable relief is a pressing global public health need. Social activity and physical activity both function as natural depression remedies, but depression can interfere with these activities. This study explores whether an increase in social activity can simultaneously increase voluntary exercise. If so, a single remedy could potentially yield two benefits. Rats were singly or paired housed to model social activity, and voluntary wheel running was measured. Depression proneness was modeled with Occidental Low-Saccharin- Consuming (LoS) rats; relative to high-saccharin-consuming (HiS) rats, LoS rats are more anxious and vulnerable to stress, both of which …
Long Distance Vs Proximal Romantic Relationships: Predicting Commitment, Investments, And Bias, Arielle C. Butler, Wind Goodfriend
Long Distance Vs Proximal Romantic Relationships: Predicting Commitment, Investments, And Bias, Arielle C. Butler, Wind Goodfriend
Modern Psychological Studies
The present study examined cognitive biases in dating partners involved in long distance (LDR) and proximal (PR) romantic relationships; specifically, we investigated whether couple members are biased to believe their relationship type is "better." We also examined if LDRs and PRs differ in relationship variables including satisfaction, alternatives, and investments. Bias was measured using a modified version of the investment model scale (Rusbult et al., 1998). Participants completed the items from three different perspectives: their current relationship, their perception of the "average" PR, and the "average" LDR. Results showed that people in LDRs and PRs have more similarities than differences.
Show Up Identification Procedures: A Literature Review, Mattias Sjoberg, Roderick Lindsay
Show Up Identification Procedures: A Literature Review, Mattias Sjoberg, Roderick Lindsay
Modern Psychological Studies
A show-up is an identification procedure that only presents the witness with one suspect in contrast to a lineup where the suspect is presented among a number of fillers (i.e., known innocent people). This feature makes the show-up procedure very suggestive. In this literature review, an overview of the current research about this identification procedure is presented. The different factors that influence the accuracy in show-up procedures are separated into system (e.g., clothing bias, instruction bias, and the impact of multiple show-ups) and estimator variables (e.g., age, crossrace effects, and alcohol) in line with Wells (1978). The implications of the …
The Influence Of The Self In Partner Behavior Interpretation, Lauren M. Acri, Gary W. Lewandowski, Jr.
The Influence Of The Self In Partner Behavior Interpretation, Lauren M. Acri, Gary W. Lewandowski, Jr.
Modern Psychological Studies
This study examined how aspects of the self (i.e. self-concept clarity, self-expansion, and inclusion of the other in the self) influence relationship attributions. A sample of 92 (20 males, 72 females) college students in a relationship received a series of surveys assessing their levels of self-concept clarity, self-expansion, and inclusion of the other in the self Additionally, they completed a survey assessing whether they make relationship enhancing attributions when interpreting behavior. Self expansion and inclusion of the other in the self positively correlated with relationship enhancing attributions. However, there was no significant relationship between self-concept clarity and relationship enhancing attributions. …