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Articles 1 - 30 of 40
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Understanding The Thoughts And Attitudes Related To Participation In Youth Sports, Jeanine A. Johnson
Understanding The Thoughts And Attitudes Related To Participation In Youth Sports, Jeanine A. Johnson
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The present study was designed to examine the thinking and attitudes that may be associated with elementary and middle school students participating in youth sports. Girls benefit physically, socially, and educationally from ongoing participation in sports. However, compared to boys, girls tend to start later, quit sooner, and participate less often in sports, despite the numerous advantages that athletics provides. The external barriers that contribute to girls’ decreased involvement in sports as they increase in age and grade are well researched. However, there is a lack of information about the possible cognitive variables related to a girls’ decision to play …
Predictor Variables Associated With Disclosure And Concealment Of Sexual Orientation, Annmarie Panarello
Predictor Variables Associated With Disclosure And Concealment Of Sexual Orientation, Annmarie Panarello
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study examined variables associated with the disclosure and concealment of sexual orientation. A non-experimental correlational design with a regression analysis used to test the following hypotheses: 1) The following independent variables, latter stage of identity development, lower internalized homophobia, more perceived social support, higher self-esteem, and lower presence of cognitive distortions will account for a statistically significant amount of the variance in the disclosure of sexual orientation. 2) The following independent variables, earlier stage of identity development, higher internalized homophobia, less perceived social support, low self-esteem, and higher presence of cognitive distortions will account for a statistically significant amount …
Factors Associated With A Longer Length Of Stay And Minimal Improvement In An Inpatient Headache Unit, Kristen Wenrich
Factors Associated With A Longer Length Of Stay And Minimal Improvement In An Inpatient Headache Unit, Kristen Wenrich
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of the present study is to identify psychological factors that predict a longer length of stay (LOS) and minimal improvement in a headache inpatient unit. Research shows that some psychological factors associated with headache disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and maladaptive coping skills, can complicate the disorder. The present study theorized that psychological factors that complicate the headache disorder would predict a longer LOS and minimal improvement. The present study used a quasiexperimental, prospective, cross-sectional survey research design, with multiple regression analyses. There was a total of 51 completed protocols. Of those completed protocols, 78% of participants were …
Sensory Processing In Children With Adhd: A Classroom Study And Rational Item Analysis, Jason Mathison
Sensory Processing In Children With Adhd: A Classroom Study And Rational Item Analysis, Jason Mathison
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
In the classroom, distinguishing between sensory modulation disorder (SMD), one proposed subtype of Sensory Processing Disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be difficult given their similar behavioral manifestations. The overlap between these two disorders and the prevelance of rating scales used for gathering diagnostic information warrant a closer look at items on commonly used rating scales to ensure discriminative validity. This pilot study examined specific patterns of SMD in 24 children with ADHD using the Sensory Profile School Companion (SPSC), which includes four components of SMD, namely, Seeking, Avoiding, Registration, and Sensitivity. As hypothesized, the majority of teacher …
Examining Gender And Socio-Economic Status On The Emotional Intelligence Of Early Adolescents, Alicea J. Davis
Examining Gender And Socio-Economic Status On The Emotional Intelligence Of Early Adolescents, Alicea J. Davis
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine emotional intelligence and its impact on the maturational process of male and female early-adolescent youth. Demographic variables, such gender, socio-economic status, ethnicity, and educational status were, valued against emotionality factors such as intrapersonal stress, interpersonal stress, adaptability, general mood, and overall emotional intelligence (EQ). The study utilized a non-experimental, correlational design examining archival data. The participants consisted of approximately, early adolescent fifth-grade students aged 10-13 years. The participants were administered the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (BarOn EQ-I:YV) and a demographic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the population sample. A Pearson …
Functional Outcomes In A Postacute Brain Injury Rehabilitation Program, Esther Brahmstadt
Functional Outcomes In A Postacute Brain Injury Rehabilitation Program, Esther Brahmstadt
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to evaluate functional outcomes among individuals with acquired brain injury who received treatment at a postacute brain injury rehabilitation program over a 3-year period (2008 to 2010). Participation in community and/or social roles, supervision required, and adaptive functioning outcomes were evaluated in a sample of 109 adults (71% male, 29% female; 88.1% White, 11.9% non-White; 67.9% injured at 18 years of age or older, 32.1% injured at under 18 years of age). Contrary to the hypotheses, there was a statistically significant increase in adaptive functioning and supervision required scores, suggesting increasing impairment over time. …
Death Anxiety Amongst Medical Facility Staff Working With Medically Fragile Individuals, Jacqueline Anne Chambers-Klein
Death Anxiety Amongst Medical Facility Staff Working With Medically Fragile Individuals, Jacqueline Anne Chambers-Klein
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Death, an inevitable concept that connects us as humans, can cause significant anxiety in individuals. Literature suggests that some medical professionals choose the field because of their own inner struggles with death (Neimeyer et al., 2004). Archival interview data were utilized in this action- oriented research to explore the notion of death anxiety in professionals who are working with medically fragile children. Twenty-six employees were individually interviewed at a residential medical facility. Additionally, a retrospective journal was utilized to understand the author’s thoughts, feelings, and experiences during internship. In order to examine the potential categories and themes that the author …
Predictors Of Attrition And Success In A Weight Management Program For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Kevin O'Leary
Predictors Of Attrition And Success In A Weight Management Program For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Kevin O'Leary
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Aim: To examine the factors that lead to attrition and success in a weight management program for patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The current study specifically examines the effect of quality of life, expected weight loss, self-esteem, and early weight loss on attrition and success rates. Methods: Archival data from a study conducted at the University of Pennsylvania Center for Weight and Eating Disorders were used. Seventy-nine overweight and obese subjects with type 2 diabetes participated in a lifestyle modification program over 40 weeks. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between early weight loss, expected …
Predictors Of Vicarious Trauma And Secondary Traumatic Stress Among Correctional Officers, Bertee Thomas Jr
Predictors Of Vicarious Trauma And Secondary Traumatic Stress Among Correctional Officers, Bertee Thomas Jr
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The correctional setting is often dangerous and unpredictable. Correctional officers have the unique and often dangerous charge of overseeing a very volatile population. The job of a correctional officer can be very stressful and often contributes to emotional, physiological, and psychological distress. Correctional officers may be exposed to violence either directly or indirectly. One of the psychological reactions most commonly associated with violence is the development of trauma. This type of traumatic response may be triggered by direct or indirect exposure to traumatic stimuli. The focus of this study was to identify variables associated with secondary traumatic responses among correctional …
Attention To Psychosocial Concerns Related To Lqts: A Survey Of Medical Providers, Elizabeth Conlin
Attention To Psychosocial Concerns Related To Lqts: A Survey Of Medical Providers, Elizabeth Conlin
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is a heritable condition characterized by syncopal episodes, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death in otherwise healthy individuals. Current research, although underrepresented, on the quality of life and psychosocial stressors indicate that some individuals experience depression and anxiety as a result of this chronic medical illness. A survey was created and administered to cardiologists and allied professionals, who offer medical services to LQTS patients, and belong to the Pediatric Arrhythmia and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES). A Likert scale survey was developed for selfadministration and posted in an email for PACES members to complete voluntarily. This survey study …
Clinician Factors In Psychotherapy Disparities For People With Intellectual Disabilities And Co-Occurring Mental Illness, Timothy Barksdale
Clinician Factors In Psychotherapy Disparities For People With Intellectual Disabilities And Co-Occurring Mental Illness, Timothy Barksdale
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
An estimated 4.5 million Americans with intellectual disabilities (ID) have lived in the community for over twenty years now, following the closing of institutions that once isolated them from the public (Scott, Lakin & Larson, 2008). It has since become evident that this group has the same and more vulnerabilities of developing mental illness than the general public but often lack access to therapeutic service (Whitaker & Read, 2005). Unfortunately society’s lack of interaction with and education about this population has contributed to a number of misconceptions and fears. The hypothesized variables for the behavioral health disparity included: level of …
Executive Functions In The Schools: What Do Teachers Know About Executive Functions And How They Impact Student Progress?, Larissa Morgan-Borkowsky
Executive Functions In The Schools: What Do Teachers Know About Executive Functions And How They Impact Student Progress?, Larissa Morgan-Borkowsky
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The current study surveyed middle school teachers on their knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and expectations regarding executive functions in relation to students’ academic success. The results of this study indicated that teachers perceived themselves as knowledgeable of executive functions. A disconnect was found between teacher responses to an open-ended question regarding abilities and skills required for academic success and their endorsements of specific questions regarding executive functions. Motivation, problem-solving, and basic academic skills were indicated as being most important for success, but two of these are considered capacities students possess intrinsically. When asked about specific executive functions however, they rated them …
Positive Behavior Support And Intervention Programs Vs Responsive Classroom Programs: Impact On Perceptions Of School Climate, Erica M. Rell Backenson
Positive Behavior Support And Intervention Programs Vs Responsive Classroom Programs: Impact On Perceptions Of School Climate, Erica M. Rell Backenson
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
School climate is an aspect of school life that has been examined closely in recent literature as it related to student interactions, behavior, and student achievement. A number of factors that affect school climate have been identified; these include student/teacher relationships, school safety and student relations, clarity of a school’s expectations, perceived fairness of school rules, and the presence of a strong, welldeveloped and widely-accepted behavior program in a school. Both Positive Behavior Intervention and Support (PBIS) programs and Responsive Classroom (RC) programs have been identified as having a positive impact on school climate at multiple grade levels and across …
Social Problem Solving And Factors That Contribute To The Consideration Of Hastened Death Among Als Patients, Kristen Labin Bekelja
Social Problem Solving And Factors That Contribute To The Consideration Of Hastened Death Among Als Patients, Kristen Labin Bekelja
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine social problem-solving characteristics and other factors that contribute to the desire to hasten death among ALS patients. Participants completed six measures including: the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised, two item Hopelessness Scale, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy- Spiritual Well-Being Scale, ALS Specific Quality of Life Instrument-Revised, Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised, and the Schedule of Attitudes Toward Hastened Death. Data gathered was analyzed, using hierarchical multiple regressions, and a Pearson product-moment correlation. Results revealed that the factors of hopelessness, global quality of life, bulbar function, and negative emotion significantly predicted the desire to hasten …
The Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions And Risk To Sexually Re-Offend In Adolescents: Comparing Three Levels Of Treatment, Christina D. Haldaman
The Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions And Risk To Sexually Re-Offend In Adolescents: Comparing Three Levels Of Treatment, Christina D. Haldaman
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
This study examined the relationship between cognitive distortions, risk to sexually re-offend, and length of time in treatment, and psychopathy. This study investigated differential treatment effects across three different treatment modalities to gain a better understanding of cognitive distortions in the treatment of adolescent sexual offenders. Literature has theorized that a fundamental aspect of sex offender treatment is addressing these cognitive distortions. Archival data from an existing database were collected from 99 adolescent males between the ages of 12 and 18. Of these adolescents, 51.5% were Caucasian; 28.3% were Latino; 10% were African American; 8.1% were Bi-racial, and 2% were …
A Pilot Study Examining The Effect Of An Intensive Skills-Based Training In Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Impact On Graduate Students' Competence, Lauren Lane-Herman
A Pilot Study Examining The Effect Of An Intensive Skills-Based Training In Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Impact On Graduate Students' Competence, Lauren Lane-Herman
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Given the movement toward and increasing need for training in evidence-based practice, this study aims to examine the competence of graduate-level students in cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) after an intensive, skills-based training in CBT. The participants, who were psychologygraduate students, were randomized into two groups. Both groups received the same intensive training in CBT. The groups differed in that the control group underwent a videotaped intake session prior to the training and the training group underwent a videotaped intake session after the training. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences between these groups in terms of competence and skills in …
Traumatic Brain Injury Knowledge And Perceived Competence Among Practicing School Psychologists, Melissa Santaguida Delucca
Traumatic Brain Injury Knowledge And Perceived Competence Among Practicing School Psychologists, Melissa Santaguida Delucca
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a common occurrence in school-aged children. The epidemic of TBI is the leading cause of death and disability among children and young adults (Harris, Mishkin, & Ross, 2010). Children who suffer head injuries frequently experience behavioral, adaptive, and educational deficits (Taylor et al., 2002). As child study team members, under the provisions set forth by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), school psychologists are responsible for the identification, classification, assessment, and implementation of proper school-based treatment for children who sustain a TBI. This study sought to determine New Jersey school psychologists’ endorsement of common …
An Examination Of The Comorbidity Between Externalizing Disorders And Reading Disabilities In School-Age Boys, Victoria Loughman Fortuna
An Examination Of The Comorbidity Between Externalizing Disorders And Reading Disabilities In School-Age Boys, Victoria Loughman Fortuna
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Our current education system uses a global method that does very little to address the concurrent cognitive, academic and social-emotional needs of the special education student. By using a single analysis, we fail to address specific deficits, including comorbidity of cognitive, academic, and socio-emotional deficits. Generalized assessments do little to address the source of the student’s problems. If these comorbid learning and social-emotional problems are addressed early on, this might reduce the incidence of antisocial and/or delinquent behaviors and lead to greater academic success. In an attempt to further investigate the relationships between academic, (i.e., reading) and emotional/behavioral systems, the …
Instructional Technology Usage And Implications For Student Academic Achievement And Further Success, Bradley D. Petry
Instructional Technology Usage And Implications For Student Academic Achievement And Further Success, Bradley D. Petry
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The digital divide was once a term used to indicate disparity between socio-economic classes and access to digital devices. The digital divide may now more accurately indicate differences in the types of usage between members of different socio-economic classes. Differences in usage among the middle school student population may play a role in the development of critical thinking and collaborative communication. The Maryland results of the 2010 Speak Up survey – a national student survey regarding the usage of technology - were used in comparison with student respondent school district differentiation and were also compared with student state standardized test …
Effects Of Early Intervention Services On Adaptive Functioning, Osslyn Sam
Effects Of Early Intervention Services On Adaptive Functioning, Osslyn Sam
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
In 1986, Congress enacted Public Law 99-457, Part H of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). This law, currently referred to as Part C, was established in response to the growing number of children born with developmental delays. Infants born prematurely, addicted to drugs, or with conditions such as Down Syndrome face challenging lives. Part C allows for eligible infants, ages birth to three years to receive free early intervention services to address their individual delays. Previous studies have shown that children who have participated in early intervention programs have benefited in various areas of their overall development. The …
A Qualitative Study Of Recovery-Oriented Services In Inpatient Forensic Settings, Deanna Pecora Mellie
A Qualitative Study Of Recovery-Oriented Services In Inpatient Forensic Settings, Deanna Pecora Mellie
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Recovery principles are currently guiding the transformation of mental health practice and policy in the United States (Anthony, 2000; Davidson et al., 2005; Davidson et al., 2006; Ralph & Corrigan, 2007). Although principles of recovery have become the focus of mental health care reform, they have just begun to enter the forensic system (Hillbrand & Young, 2008). This is important because the forensic state hospital population has experienced a significant growth, reportedly approximating 50 % of all beds in given states, while the general civil state hospital population continues to decline (Salzer et al., 2006). Furthermore, Hillbrand and Young (2008) …
Cognitive Profiles And The Impact Of Medication On Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Lucy J. Wimpenny
Cognitive Profiles And The Impact Of Medication On Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Lucy J. Wimpenny
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed disorders in children and adolescents. Individuals with ADHD often display behavioral symptoms, including inattention and/or impulsivity, which can also lead to struggles in the school setting. Current research has suggested that deficits in processing speed and working memory are common in individuals diagnosed with ADHD and are often seen on measures of cognitive ability. Positive outcomes have been associated with the use of psychostimulant medication to treat the symptoms of ADHD, although little research has supported this form of treatment to improve cognitive functioning in individuals diagnosed with …
Selective Mutism: Identification Of Subtypes And Influence On Treatment, Christy A. Mulligan
Selective Mutism: Identification Of Subtypes And Influence On Treatment, Christy A. Mulligan
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Selective Mutism (SM) is a psychiatric disorder with a relatively low incidence that impairs social communication in some settings. There are many characteristics that appear similar in some children but are absent in others. Therefore, it was hypothesized that there may be distinct SM subtypes that warrant differential diagnosis and treatment strategies. In this study, 442 Selective Mutism Comprehensive Diagnostic Questionnaires (SM-CDQ) were analyzed to help identify children with specific characteristics that made their SM unique. Participants ranged in age from 3 to18 years old and met criteria for SM. The data were coded based on 203 variables and were …
An Analysis Of The Self-Reported Ethical Competencies Of School Psychologists Across The Continuum Of Professional Development, Laura Williams Monahon
An Analysis Of The Self-Reported Ethical Competencies Of School Psychologists Across The Continuum Of Professional Development, Laura Williams Monahon
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
School psychologists have a responsibility to be knowledgeable about and sensitive to the ethical principles and guidelines of professional conduct. This study sought to determine if there is a relationship between gender, race, age, dates and types of ethics training, number of years of experience, types of credentials and membership in professional school psychology organizations and school psychologists' knowledge and self-perceived skills regarding ethical practices in school psychology. School psychology graduate students and practicing school psychologists were invited to complete a survey that assessed their knowledge of ethical principles. Data also were collected regarding ethics training and ethical problem-solving practices. …
Traumatic Stress Responses In Mothers And Fathers To Pediatric Intensive Care Treatment: The Role Of Beliefs, Carla Cirilli
Traumatic Stress Responses In Mothers And Fathers To Pediatric Intensive Care Treatment: The Role Of Beliefs, Carla Cirilli
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of traumatic stress responses in parents of children treated in a pediatric intensive care unit, specifically parental beliefs about their child’s illness and their own coping self-efficacy as related to the severity of parental acute and posttraumatic stress. Archival data from a study conducted August 2004 through July 2005 in the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia PICU were used. Two hundred and forty-five parents were assessed at 48 hours after admission, and 180 parents were assessed 3 months postdischarge. At Time 1, parents completed a screening measure assessing psychosocial factors and …
Relational Aggression: What Does It Look Like And How Does It Feel For Girls With Language-Based Learning Disabilities?, Christine M. Barbone
Relational Aggression: What Does It Look Like And How Does It Feel For Girls With Language-Based Learning Disabilities?, Christine M. Barbone
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to examine the context and occurrence of relational aggression in adolescent girls with learning disabilities, as described by their personal experiences and observations. A discussion of psychosocial adjustment and relational aggression with respect to the unique characteristics of children with learning disabilities will be presented. This study will provide a qualitative description of the social problem solving skills of children with learning disabilities as reflected in their responses to common social scenarios.
Self-Regulation: The Link Between Academic Motivation And Executive Function In Urban Youth, Sara Ferry Walker
Self-Regulation: The Link Between Academic Motivation And Executive Function In Urban Youth, Sara Ferry Walker
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
The present study investigated the relationship between academic motivation and executive function skills through teacher reports of prototypical students, perceived to lack motivation. Second, the study examined the effect of grade level (i.e., elementary, middle, high) on both teacher-perceived academic motivation and executive function skills for these prototypical students. It was hypothesized that there were significant relationships between executive function processes and academic motivation. It was also hypothesized that due to the decline in academic engagement during adolescence, middle school and high school teachers would perceive higher levels of executive dysfunction and deficits in academic motivation than would elementary teachers. …
Program Evaluation Of An Executive Functions Intervention At A Middle School Setting, Minu S. Poulose
Program Evaluation Of An Executive Functions Intervention At A Middle School Setting, Minu S. Poulose
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Executive functions play an important role in children’s cognitive, academic and social functioning. The present study investigated the changes in executive functions in students who were enrolled in an academic support period everyday for forty-five minutes. Participants included twenty-six eighth-grade students eligible for Special Education and Related Services in a suburban middle school in New Jersey. The study used archival data consisting of items from the 44-item Executive Functions (EF) Rating Scale, a questionnaire that was completed by middle school special education teachers. To examine differences within groups, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to examine teacher ratings …
The Role Of Cognitive Insight, Hope, Self-Stigma, And Symptomatology In Predicting Treatment Engagement In Individuals Diagnosed With Serious Mental Illnesses, Patrick D. Boyle
The Role Of Cognitive Insight, Hope, Self-Stigma, And Symptomatology In Predicting Treatment Engagement In Individuals Diagnosed With Serious Mental Illnesses, Patrick D. Boyle
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Adherence to and engagement with treatment is a complex and multifaceted issue encountered throughout many medical and helping professions, particularly in the fields of psychology and psychiatry. Adherence to treatment/service engagement is especially an issue in the treatment of serious mental illnesses; studies have shown that up to 80% of individuals do not adhere to their treatment (Tait et al., 2003). This study investigated if cognitive insight, as measured by the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale ([BCIS] Beck et al., 2004), and clinical insight are related to the recovery concepts of hope and self-stigma as well as symptomatology in predicting treatment …
Programming Serving The Needs Of Homeless Adults And Families: A Survey To Determine Current Practices In Transitional Housing Programs Within The Interfaith Hospitality Network, Nathan A. Paro
PCOM Psychology Dissertations
Over the last decade the rate of homelessness has continued to rise, putting an increased demand on services for the homeless such as transitional living programs. There appears to be little information about the standards of practice within the field of transitional living programs for the homeless. The current study surveyed directors of transitional living programs that serve women and children within the Interfaith Hospitality Network across the country, in order to compile information such as programing offered, services offered, and outcome measures which are used by the programs to determine success. The results of the survey suggested that there …