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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Religiosity And Spirituality Scale For Youth: Development And Initial Validation, Brittany C. Hernandez
The Religiosity And Spirituality Scale For Youth: Development And Initial Validation, Brittany C. Hernandez
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The literature cites multiple definitions for religiosity and spirituality, with little consensus among researchers. Religiosity/spirituality has been associated with a myriad of positive outcomes in both adults and youth. Despite the importance of these constructs, there are little to no psychometrically sound measures created to assess religiosity or spirituality in youth. Adult measures are psychometrically strong for use with older populations, but none were developed for use with young people. The purpose of the current study was to develop a psychometrically sound measure of religiosity and spirituality for use with diverse samples of youth. A sample of 307 youth, aged …
The Long-Term Effect Of A Brief Motivational Alcohol Intervention For Heavy Drinking Mandated College Students, Meredith Ashley Terlecki
The Long-Term Effect Of A Brief Motivational Alcohol Intervention For Heavy Drinking Mandated College Students, Meredith Ashley Terlecki
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The study evaluated the long-term impact of a brief motivational intervention (BMI) among college undergraduates mandated to treatment relative to heavy drinking volunteer students. Participants (N = 225; 61% male) were randomized to a BMI (n = 115) or a control group (n = 110). Alcohol consumption (drinks per week, drinking frequency, typical drinks, peak drinks), alcohol-related problems, and readiness to change (RTC) were collected at baseline, 4 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment. BMI participants significantly decreased drinks per week (treatment, M change = 7.33; control, M change = 3.60), typical drinks (treatment, M change = 1.46; control, …
Using Curriculum-Based Measures To Predict Math Performance On A Statewide Assessment, Keri F. Menesses
Using Curriculum-Based Measures To Predict Math Performance On A Statewide Assessment, Keri F. Menesses
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
One hundred forty-six students in third, fourth, and fifth grades completed two types of curriculum-based measurement (CBM) math probes, math computation and math concepts/ applications, in the winter and spring. The relationship between scores on the math probes and scores on the math portion of the Louisiana statewide assessments were analyzed by computing correlation coefficients and conducting multiple regression analyses. Both types of probes were significantly correlated with test outcomes, yet the concepts/applications probes were stronger predictors of test performance. The diagnostic accuracy of the probes was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, which established cut scores that …
The Emergence Of Challenging Behaviors In At-Risk Toddlers With And Without Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional And Risk Factor Study, Jill Cherie Fodstad
The Emergence Of Challenging Behaviors In At-Risk Toddlers With And Without Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional And Risk Factor Study, Jill Cherie Fodstad
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Challenging behaviors including aggression, property destruction, stereotypy, and self injury occur at a high prevalence in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). These behaviors are pervasive and chronic. Despite an increased probability and negative consequences, one area which has received little attention is the presence of challenging behaviors in infants and toddlers with ASD. Furthermore, there is a dearth of information identifying early age trends in the emergence of challenging behaviors and associated risk factors. The purpose of this investigation was to utilize a validated measure, the Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits - Part 3, to …
An Analysis Of The Methodological And Human Error Within Momentary Time Sampling Data Collection, Joslyn Cynkus Mintz
An Analysis Of The Methodological And Human Error Within Momentary Time Sampling Data Collection, Joslyn Cynkus Mintz
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Teachers often serve as data collectors for the problem behavior of referred students in their classrooms; yet, the accuracy of teacher data collection has rarely been directly assessed. Momentary time sampling (MTS) may be a potentially useful option for teacher data collection because it does not require continuous monitoring, but rather requires the teacher to score the occurrence or non-occurrence of targeted behaviors at given instances. Research has shown that the smaller the interval between observations, the less methodological error will be introduced into MTS. However, the use of short-interval windows requires additional effort on the part of the teacher, …
Teaching Tactual Discrimination Of Braille Characters To Beginning Braille Readers, Karen A. Toussaint
Teaching Tactual Discrimination Of Braille Characters To Beginning Braille Readers, Karen A. Toussaint
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
We taught three children with visual impairments to make tactual discriminations of the braille alphabet within a matching-to-sample format. That is, we presented participants with a braille character as a sample stimulus and they were to select the matching stimulus from an array of three comparisons. In order to minimize participant errors, we arranged braille characters into training sets in which the target and non-target stimuli in the comparison arrays were initially maximally different in terms of the number of dots comprising each character. As participants mastered these discriminations, we then increased the similarity between target and non-target comparisons (i.e., …
Comorbid Psychopathology In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders - Cut-Off Scores For The Autism Specturm Disorders-Comorbidity For Children (Asd-Cc), Ryan Thomas Thorson
Comorbid Psychopathology In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders - Cut-Off Scores For The Autism Specturm Disorders-Comorbidity For Children (Asd-Cc), Ryan Thomas Thorson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Once considered rare, Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are increasingly becoming viewed as common disorders. Prevalence rates of ASD have increased drastically in recent years. Recent studies suggest comorbid psychopathology within ASD to be more common than previously thought. Though these deficits exist, specific instruments to diagnose psychopathology in this population do not yet exist. This highlights the underlying need for instruments to identify psychopathology in individuals with ASD. The aim of this study was to establish cut-off scores for the Autism Spectrum Disorder – Comorbidity for Children, an instrument designed to assess for comorbid psychopathology within individuals with ASD.
Assessing Social Support In Children: Development And Initial Validation Of The Social Support Questionnaire For Children, Arlene Tayag Gordon
Assessing Social Support In Children: Development And Initial Validation Of The Social Support Questionnaire For Children, Arlene Tayag Gordon
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Research examining risk and protective factors associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in children has established social support as one of the strongest predictors of psychological health and overall adjustment post-traumatic event (Vigil & Geary, 2008). Greater perceived social support, generally, has been related to more positive outcomes in children (Borja & Callahan, 2008; Cryder, Kilmer, Tedeschi, & Calhoun, 2006; Pina, Villalta, Ortiz, Gottschall, Costa, & Weems, 2008). Understanding the impact of social support on coping with traumatic events such as natural disasters or exposure to community violence is limited by the lack of psychometrically sound measures. The current study …
Relationships Among The Behavioral Inhibition System, Response Inhibition, Heart Rate Variability, And Anxiety Sensitivity Between Older Adolescents With And Without Significant Anxiety, Erin Tarcza Reuther
Relationships Among The Behavioral Inhibition System, Response Inhibition, Heart Rate Variability, And Anxiety Sensitivity Between Older Adolescents With And Without Significant Anxiety, Erin Tarcza Reuther
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Differences in the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS; Gray, 1982), response inhibition, and cardiac vagal control are evident between individuals with anxiety and nonclinical control participants. In this study, the role of inhibition in anxiety was examined, as well as relationships between the primary indexes of inhibition including the behavioral inhibition system (BIS), response inhibition, and cardiac vagal tone (or heart rate variability) at rest and during tasks of response inhibition. Additionally, anxiety sensitivity, an established risk factor for developing anxiety disorders, was examined and how it relates to indexes of inhibition. As expected, inhibition and anxiety sensitivity were found to …
Effects Of Mindfulness On Body Image, Affect, And Smoking In Women, Claire E. Adams
Effects Of Mindfulness On Body Image, Affect, And Smoking In Women, Claire E. Adams
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Recent research has shown that body image stimuli increase negative affect and smoking urges among female smokers. Mindfulness (paying attention to present-moment experience with an attitude of nonjudgmental acceptance) may be a useful technique to minimize the influence of body image issues on negative affect, smoking urges, and smoking behavior. The present study investigated whether mindfulness can influence the way female college smokers respond to a body image challenge. The study used a 2 x 2 factorial design with body image challenge (trying on a bathing suit vs. observing a purse) crossed with instructions (mindfulness vs. silence). Female smokers (n …
Dyadic Meta-Accuracy In Leader-Member Exchanges: An Examination Of Antecedents And Relational Outcomes, Jared A. Ledoux
Dyadic Meta-Accuracy In Leader-Member Exchanges: An Examination Of Antecedents And Relational Outcomes, Jared A. Ledoux
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Work organizations are inherently social entities, dependent upon the social interactions between supervisors and subordinates. This study examined the role of interpersonal processes within organizational settings, focusing upon subordinates‟ accuracy in judging their supervisors‟ impressions of the subordinates‟ personality. This phenomenon, dyadic meta-accuracy, is examined within exchange relationships between supervisors and subordinates, drawing upon Leader Member Exchange (LMX) theory and the metaperception literature. A theoretical framework proposed potential antecedents of subordinate meta-accuracy, including: communication frequency, physical proximity, psychological closeness, and trait visibility. In addition, subordinate meta-accuracy was proposed as a determinant of the relational quality between subordinate and supervisor and …
Growth After The Storm: Cognitive Processing And Social Support As Mediators Of The Relation Between Religious Coping And Posttraumatic Growth In Hurricane-Affected Women, Julia Vigna Bosson
Growth After The Storm: Cognitive Processing And Social Support As Mediators Of The Relation Between Religious Coping And Posttraumatic Growth In Hurricane-Affected Women, Julia Vigna Bosson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Although many studies have detailed the maladies imposed by Hurricane Katrina, little work has examined potential benefits gleaned in the wake of the storm. Posttraumatic growth, a construct receiving increased attention in the literature, describes personal betterment or development following a traumatic event in areas such as perceived changes in self, a changed sense of relations with others, and a changed philosophy of life. Researchers have demonstrated a relation between posttraumatic growth and varying factors, including religious coping. The current study established a relation between religious coping and posttraumatic growth in a sample of hurricane-exposed women in Southeastern Louisiana and …
Effects Of Student Mobility On The Academic Achievement Of Mobile And Nonmobile Students, Rosa Maria Knox
Effects Of Student Mobility On The Academic Achievement Of Mobile And Nonmobile Students, Rosa Maria Knox
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Students who move between schools often have more social, psychological, and academic problems than their peers whose enrollment is stable. However, the negative effects may also be felt among classrooms and schools. To date, much of the student mobility research do not control for demographics or prior achievement, and utilized a sample size of one school or district. The current study examined a statewide database to determine which student variables predict mobile status. Analyses also investigated the relationship between mobility and academic achievement for mobile students, as well as classrooms and schools, while controlling for demographics and prior achievement. The …
The Relationship Between Visual Attention And Prospective Memory, Noelle L. Brown
The Relationship Between Visual Attention And Prospective Memory, Noelle L. Brown
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The current study examined the role of attention in prospective memory. Prospective memory refers to the ability to form an intention to do something in the future, such as email a colleague, and additionally remembering to do so at the appropriate moment. Theories of prospective memory retrieval suggest that attention is required to complete an intention. However, the exact role of attention and whether it is always required remains unclear. One challenge in examining the allocation of attentional resources in prospective memory is that a direct measure of these resources does not exist. The current study attempted to address this …
The Relationship Between Ethnic Identity, Disordered Eating And Body Image Among Chinese And Caucasian Students, Lauren E. Baillie
The Relationship Between Ethnic Identity, Disordered Eating And Body Image Among Chinese And Caucasian Students, Lauren E. Baillie
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
It is generally believed that Western culture’s emphasis on thinness is responsible for the presence of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction. However, Asians living in Western societies who are more acculturated to Western values have shown fewer body image and eating problems than their less acculturated Asian peers, while those who are highly acculturated to their native culture may be at increased risk for eating disorder symptoms. In this study, Chinese and Caucasian students attending United States universities completed measures of body image, body esteem, disordered eating and ethnic identity in the language of their choice (English or Simplified …
The Role Of Task-Appropriate Processing, Context, And Attention Allocation In Prospective Memory: A Multinomial Modeling Approach, Benjamin Anderson Martin, Ii
The Role Of Task-Appropriate Processing, Context, And Attention Allocation In Prospective Memory: A Multinomial Modeling Approach, Benjamin Anderson Martin, Ii
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study investigated the influences of attention and retrospective memory processes on prospective memory. In Experiment 1, participants who processed prospective memory cues under conditions that did not coincide with the processes required for making judgments in an ongoing task showed greater levels of performance at the expense of the attentional resources needed to complete the ongoing task. This differed compared to participants who processed cues under conditions that required the same processes needed to performance the ongoing task. In Experiment 2, the reinstatement of contextual features associated with prospective memory cues from the time of intention formation, or encoding, …
The Baby And Infant Screen For Children With Autism Traits: A Proposed Critical Item Algorithm, Santino Vincent Lovullo
The Baby And Infant Screen For Children With Autism Traits: A Proposed Critical Item Algorithm, Santino Vincent Lovullo
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Since its first description, the definition of autism has varied as a function of emphases on particular defining features, changes to the age of onset, and confusion with other disorders. However, a recurring theme has been the importance of social impairments with evidence that specific social symptoms, such as joint attention deficits, are predictive of autism within the first or second year of life. In addition to the core domains of impairment, autism is associated with various medical conditions, intellectual disability, comorbid psychopathology, and problem behavior. This is alarming considering that there may be a true increase in the disorder’s …
Smoking Topography And Smoking-Related Outcome Expectancies In Smokers With Schizotypy, Diana Williams Stewart
Smoking Topography And Smoking-Related Outcome Expectancies In Smokers With Schizotypy, Diana Williams Stewart
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Individuals with schizophrenia have extremely high smoking rates (70-88%). Compared to smokers in the general population, smokers with schizophrenia have more intense smoking patterns (e.g., more cigarettes per day; smoke stronger cigarettes; higher nicotine dependence, carbon monoxide (CO) boosts, cotinine, and nicotine levels; more extreme smoking topography) and more positive smoking outcome expectancies. However, the relationship between smoking and symptomatology is quite complex. Insight might be gleaned by studying the relationship between smoking and schizotypy, or the putative genetic vulnerability to developing schizophrenia, as it avoids many confounds associated with schizophrenia. This study investigated schizotypy symptoms, smoking characteristics and behaviors, …
Brief Interventions For Heavy College Drinkers: Randomized Clinical Trial To Investigate Comparable Efficacy Of Two Active Conditions, Magdalena Kulesza
Brief Interventions For Heavy College Drinkers: Randomized Clinical Trial To Investigate Comparable Efficacy Of Two Active Conditions, Magdalena Kulesza
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Brief interventions for college heavy drinkers have shown promise in reducing drinking and related negative consequences. However, since duration of the intervention, content, method of delivery, and duration of the follow up period vary across studies, we do not know whether length of the intervention has an impact on its effectiveness. In the present study, we conducted a randomized trial systematically evaluating efficacy of two brief interventions aimed at reducing alcohol use and consequences among college student drinkers. In addition, we evaluated treatment mediators and moderators. We randomly assigned 278 heavy drinking students to a 10-minute brief intervention, a 50-minute …
Differences Across Racial Groups In Caregiver Ratings Of Symptoms In Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Cindy Terlonge Graham
Differences Across Racial Groups In Caregiver Ratings Of Symptoms In Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Cindy Terlonge Graham
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A great deal of attention from local, federal, and international communities has been focused on autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). As the prevalence of these disorders rise, researchers continue to investigate various unanswered questions. The goal of this study was to examine the differences across racial/ethnic groups in caregiver ratings of symptoms of children diagnosed with ASDs. Results from such research will help determine whether cultural background can influence the recognition of behaviors indicative of an ASD. Culturally-sensitive clinical practice stemming from the significant findings of this research project can help to reduce the age at which minority children are diagnosed. …
Symptom Profiles And Rates Of Diagnosis In Autistic And Other Atypically Developing Infants And Toddlers, Timothy Michael Dempsey
Symptom Profiles And Rates Of Diagnosis In Autistic And Other Atypically Developing Infants And Toddlers, Timothy Michael Dempsey
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Although there are many assessment scales that aid in the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), very few instruments are designed specifically to identify the condition in the population of infants and toddlers. The primary purpose of this study is to systematically examine the differences between scores on the Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits (BISCUIT)-Part 1 in a sample of at risk atypically developing children. Participants are children enrolled in Louisiana’s EarlySteps Program, which provides support services (e.g., speech therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, behavior psychology) to infants/toddlers and their families from birth to 36 months …