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Articles 1 - 30 of 168
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Attention And Olfactory Consciousness, Andreas Keller
Attention And Olfactory Consciousness, Andreas Keller
Publications and Research
Understanding the relation between attention and consciousness is an important part of our understanding of consciousness. Attention, unlike consciousness, can be systematically manipulated in psychophysical experiments and a law-like relation between attention and consciousness is waiting to be discovered. Most attempts to discover the nature of this relation are focused on a special type of attention: spatial visual attention. In this review I want to introduce another type of attention to the discussion: attention to the olfactory modality. I will first clarify the position of attention to smells in a general taxonomy of attention. I will then review the mechanisms …
Objecting Objectification: Finding The Links Between Self-Objectification, Views On Harassment, And Agreement With Traditional Sex Roles, Amy M. Bishop
Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between self-objectification levels, opinions on the impact of non-violent stranger sexual harassment on a personal and societal level, and agreement with traditional gender roles in college women. College women at Western Kentucky University were surveyed using the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Social Roles Questionnaire, and original scales to measure views of street harassment. The hypotheses that viewing stranger harassment as both individually direct and complimentary would be positively correlated with self- objectification, and viewing it as innocuous in society were supported with correlation coefficients of r(103) = .211, p …
The Interrelationships Among Family Stress, Parenting Behavior, And Behavior Problems: An Investigation Of Internationally Adopted Chinese Girls, Cheryl Gelley
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Although there have been many studies investigating international adoptees' outcomes in relation to their pre-adoption experiences, there is a paucity of research investigating the influence of post-adoption experiences. Guided by the proximity of the family to the child in Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological systems theory of human development, this study addressed a gap in the literature by investigating the interrelationships among family-related variables (e.g., stress in family environment, parenting behavior) and 648 internationally adopted Chinese girls' behavior problems. Moderate, positive relationships were found between family stress and both internalizing (r = .43, p < .001) and externalizing (r = .59, p < .001) behavior problems. Modest, inverse relationships were found between authoritative parenting and both internalizing (r = -.08, p < .01) and externalizing (r = -.15, p < .001) behavior problems. Additionally, modest to moderate, positive relationships were found between authoritarian and permissive parenting and internalizing (r = .18, p < .001; r = .19, p < .001, respectively) and externalizing (r = .39, p < .001; r = .34, p < .001, respectively) behavior problems. Finally, authoritarian and permissive parenting behaviors were partial mediators between family stress and both internalizing (R2 = .08, p < .001; R2 = .08, p …
The Relationships Between Individual Characteristics, Work Factors, And Emotional Labor Strategies In The Prediction Of Burnout Among Mental Health Service Providers, Jessica Belle Handelsman
The Relationships Between Individual Characteristics, Work Factors, And Emotional Labor Strategies In The Prediction Of Burnout Among Mental Health Service Providers, Jessica Belle Handelsman
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Relatively few empirical studies in the professional burnout literature have examined mental health providers (MHPs). Research on other professional groups has demonstrated that certain emotion regulation strategies, known as emotional labor (i.e., deep acting and surface acting), are common responses to perceived display rules (i.e., professional guidelines for emotional expression), and are differentially associated with burnout. The present study aimed to fill a gap in the literature by evaluating the empirical links between work stressors (i.e., role conflict, role ambiguity, and lack of autonomy), personality (i.e., extraversion), emotional labor (i.e., surface acting and deep acting), and burnout in a sample …
The Effect Of Gender Role And Males' Attitudes Toward Receiving Mental Health Therapy, Christina H. Thomas
The Effect Of Gender Role And Males' Attitudes Toward Receiving Mental Health Therapy, Christina H. Thomas
Student Dissertations & Theses
The purpose of this research study was to build upon previous research pertaining to gender role and young adult male attitudes towards receiving mental health therapy. An additional purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between media exposure and attitude toward mental health therapy. The first hypothesis was that there would be a positive correlation between gender role scores and attitudes with the BEM Sex- Role Inventory (BSRI) and with scores on attitudes with the Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (ATSPPHS) in young adult males. The second hypothesis was that young adult males who watched a …
The Role Of Metrical Structure In Tonal Knowledge Acquisition, Matthew Rosenthal
The Role Of Metrical Structure In Tonal Knowledge Acquisition, Matthew Rosenthal
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Experienced listeners possess a working knowledge of pitch structure in Western music, such as scale, key, harmony, and tonality, which develops gradually throughout childhood. It is commonly assumed that tonal representations are acquired through exposure to the statistics of music, but few studies have investigated potential learning mechanisms directly. In Western tonal music, tonally stable pitches not only have a higher overall frequency of occurrence, but they may occur more frequently at strong than weak metrical positions, providing two potential avenues for tonal learning. Two experiments employed an artificial grammar learning paradigm to examine tonal learning mechanisms. During a familiarization …
Expanding A Model Of Female Heterosexual Coercion: Are Sexually Coercive Women Hyperfeminine?, Elizabeth Anne Schatzel-Murphy
Expanding A Model Of Female Heterosexual Coercion: Are Sexually Coercive Women Hyperfeminine?, Elizabeth Anne Schatzel-Murphy
Graduate Doctoral Dissertations
The present study aimed to replicate a preliminary model of female heterosexual coercion and subsequently expand the model with gender- and race-related variables. The preliminary model, which specified sexual compulsivity, sexual dominance, sociosexuality, and prior sexual abuse, as predictors of female heterosexual coercion, was sufficiently replicated with a racially diverse sample of college women. The model was then successfully expanded by adding rape myth acceptance and hyperfemininity to the model. Hyperfemininity was found to be a core predictor of female heterosexual coercion, challenging the notion that sexual coercion is an inherently "masculine" behavior. Actual minority status, perceived minority status, and …
The Seven Spices: Pumpkins, Puritans, And Pathogens In Colonial New England, Michael Sharbaugh
The Seven Spices: Pumpkins, Puritans, And Pathogens In Colonial New England, Michael Sharbaugh
Michael D Sharbaugh
Water sources in the United States' New England region are laden with arsenic. Particularly during North America's colonial period--prior to modern filtration processes--arsenic would make it into the colonists' drinking water. In this article, which evokes the biocultural evolution paradigm, it is argued that colonists offset health risks from the contaminant (arsenic poisoning) by ingesting copious amounts of seven spices--cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg, cardamom, allspice, vanilla, and ginger. The inclusion of these spices in fall and winter recipes that hail from New England would therefore explain why many Americans associate them not only with the region, but with Thanksgiving and Christmas, …
Levels Of Altruism, Martin Zwick, Jeffrey Alan Fletcher
Levels Of Altruism, Martin Zwick, Jeffrey Alan Fletcher
Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
The phenomenon of altruism extends from the biological realm to the human sociocultural realm. This paper sketches a coherent outline of multiple types of altruism of progressively increasing scope that span these two realms and are grounded in an ever-expanding sense of "self." Discussion of this framework notes difficulties associated with altruisms at different levels. It links scientific ideas about the evolution of cooperation and about hierarchical order to perennial philosophical and religious concerns. It offers a conceptual background for inquiry into societal challenges that call for altruistic behavior, especially the challenge of environmental and social sustainability.
Racial Prejudice, Homophobia, And Sexism As A Function Of Right-Wing Authoritarianism, Religious Values, Religious Pressures, And Religious Orientation, Dixie Turner
Doctoral Dissertations
Past literature is ambiguous regarding relationships among different religious variables and prejudice. The purpose of this study was to clarify complicated relationships among religious pressures, religious fundamentalism, Christian orthodoxy, intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation, quest orientation, right-wing authoritarianism, and the outcome variables of racial prejudice, homophobia, and sexism. Two models, a developmental model and social learning model, were proposed in this study and were tested using structural-equation modeling. Participants were 310 self-identified Christian students. Several predicted paths were deleted in both models because they did not contribute to good fit. Three predictor variables: Christian orthodoxy, extrinsic religious orientation, and religious …
Holding My Breath: The Experience Of Being Sikh After 9/11, Muninder Kaur Ahluwalia
Holding My Breath: The Experience Of Being Sikh After 9/11, Muninder Kaur Ahluwalia
Department of Counseling Scholarship and Creative Works
This article is based on the author’s experiences after the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York City and the impact of the attacks on her life as a New Yorker, an academic, and a member of a Sikh family and community. To position the author’s narrative, her reflection integrates race-based traumatic stress (Carter, 2007), a model suggesting that individuals who are targets of racism experience harm or injury. The author outlines lessons learned that affect her both personally and professionally, including (a) Paralysis can happen but advocacy and allies are healing, (b) Trauma changes the work, and (c) …
Syllabus "Externship: Mindfulness Meditation Retreat At Starved Rock State Park", Michael Skelley
Syllabus "Externship: Mindfulness Meditation Retreat At Starved Rock State Park", Michael Skelley
Michael Skelley, Ph.D.
No abstract provided.
Perceptions Of Beauty Among Female Chinese Students In The United States And China, Carly R. Staley, Ginny Qin Zhan
Perceptions Of Beauty Among Female Chinese Students In The United States And China, Carly R. Staley, Ginny Qin Zhan
The Kennesaw Journal of Undergraduate Research
This pilot study compared the perceptions of beauty among Chinese women who were exchange students in the United States with Chinese women who were students in their homeland. We interviewed 19 women in China and 19 women in the United States to determine differences in responses. In accordance with the sociocultural approach and the social comparison approach, we expected Chinese women in the United States to have a be more acculturate, more frequently conclude that American women were more beautiful than Chinese women, be more likely than those studying in China to report body dissatisfaction, be more likely to dislike …
The Phenomenology Of Everyday Experiences Of Contemporary Mystics In The Jewish Traditions Of Kabbalah, Priscilla W Levasseur
The Phenomenology Of Everyday Experiences Of Contemporary Mystics In The Jewish Traditions Of Kabbalah, Priscilla W Levasseur
Doctoral Dissertations
This phenomenological study was conducted in order to understand the everyday experiences of contemporary mystics in the Jewish traditions of Kabbalah. This author could find no available information about psychological research of this topic in psychological, educational or psychiatric databases. She used the applied phenomenological methodology of Howard Pollio and the Research Groups at the University of Tennessee. Interviews were conducted by this author with eight volunteer, living, adult participants who lived throughout the United States and ranged in age from 37 to 60+ years. These mystics were found through various means after they had described themselves, by their own …
Cognitive Processes For Infering Tonic, Steven J. Kaup
Cognitive Processes For Infering Tonic, Steven J. Kaup
Glenn Korff School of Music: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Creative Work, and Performance
Research concerning cognitive processes for tonic inference is diverse involving approaches from several different perspectives. Outwardly, the ability to infer tonic seems fundamentally simple; yet it cannot be attributed to any single cognitive process, but is multi-faceted, engaging complex elements of the brain. This study will examine past research concerning tonic inference in light of current findings. First I will survey the recent history of experimental research in cognitive functions for memory retention and expectation as they relate to the recognition and learning of musical schemas. Then I will discuss distributional theories associated with the tonal hierarchy of major and …
Does Crowding Obscure The Presence Of Attentional Guidance In Contextual Cueing?, Steven William Fiske
Does Crowding Obscure The Presence Of Attentional Guidance In Contextual Cueing?, Steven William Fiske
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The contextual cueing effect was initially thought to be the product of memory guiding attention to the target location. However, the steep search slopes obtained in contextual cueing indicate an absence of attentional guidance. We hypothesized that crowding could be obscuring the presence of attentional guidance and investigated this possibility in 2 experiments. Crowding was manipulated by varying the density of items in the local target region in a contextual cueing task. We observed a significant reduction in search slopes between the novel and repeated conditions when crowding was reduced. Enhancing crowding eliminated the contextual cueing effect. These findings suggest …
Emotional Reactivity And Regulation In Current And Remitted Depression: An Event Related Potential Study, Lauren M. Bylsma
Emotional Reactivity And Regulation In Current And Remitted Depression: An Event Related Potential Study, Lauren M. Bylsma
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is thought to be characterized by emotion regulation deficits, including decreased use of adaptive strategies such as reappraisal, but little is known about the exact nature of these deficits and whether or not they are specific to the depressed mood state. The late positive potential (LPP) is a sustained positive deflection of the event-related potential (ERP) associated with responding to emotionally-valenced stimuli, and reappraisal strategies have been found to reduce LPP magnitude in response to emotional stimuli in healthy individuals, but this effect has not been examined in MDD. This study utilized ERPs to examine emotional …
Psychoanalysis And Romantic Idealization, Barbara Schapiro
Psychoanalysis And Romantic Idealization, Barbara Schapiro
Barbara A Schapiro
No abstract provided.
The Death-Ego And The Vital Self: Romances Of Desire In Literature / Book Review, Barbara Schapiro
The Death-Ego And The Vital Self: Romances Of Desire In Literature / Book Review, Barbara Schapiro
Barbara A Schapiro
Psychoanalysis and literary romance share much in common: both are concerned with desire, with elusive objects of desire, and with the dark, hidden, and fantastic dimensions of the human imagination. Gavriel Reisner’s The Death-Ego and the Vital Self explores the interrelationship of psychoanalysis and literary romance with original and often illuminating results.
Psychoanalysis And The Problem Of Evil, Barbara A. Schapiro
Psychoanalysis And The Problem Of Evil, Barbara A. Schapiro
Barbara A Schapiro
Since "evil" has become a term much in vogue in our current political climate, it seems ever more important to explore its psychic meanings and origins. What, first of all, do analysts and therapists mean by the word "evil"? The grandiosity of the term, as well as its traditionally religious connotations, perhaps make it unsuited to the therapeutic context. As Ruth Stein (2002) has commented, "Evil' may sound too allegorical or too concrete, too essentialist or too objective for psychoanalytic ways of thinking that are oriented towards the study of individual subjectivity" (394).
Relationships Between Religious Orientation And Academic Attitudes, Lauren Everitt
Relationships Between Religious Orientation And Academic Attitudes, Lauren Everitt
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
The goal of this study was to examine whether there is an underlying consistency between college students' approaches to religion and their approaches to higher education. A sample of 234 undergraduate students completed the Religious Life Inventory (Batson, Schoenrade, & Ventis, 1993), which assesses orientation to religion, and the Academic Attitude Scale (Wong, 1998), which identifies factors that motivate students to pursue higher education. The three dimensions (Means, End, and Quest) extracted from the Religious Life Inventory were compared to the six subscales (Intrinsic, Instrumental, Personal Development, External Pressure, Social Interest, No Better Option) of the Academic Attitude Scale to …
The Effects Of Rumination, Hostility, And Distraction On Cardiovascular Reactivity And Recovery From Anger Recall In Healthy Women, Meghan K. Mclain
The Effects Of Rumination, Hostility, And Distraction On Cardiovascular Reactivity And Recovery From Anger Recall In Healthy Women, Meghan K. Mclain
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Cardiovascular reactivity and recovery following an emotional stressor may play a crucial role in mediating the relation between psychosocial factors (e.g. hostility and anger) and cardiovascular disease. Hostility has been associated with trait rumination. Trait rumination, a tendency to focus attention on negative thoughts and emotions and be prone to feelings of revenge, is not adequately captured in current measures of hostility. The current study examined whether trait rumination, indexed by the Dissipation-Rumination Scale, has an independent effect of increasing cardiovascular reactivity and prolonging cardiovascular recovery from angry events above and beyond hostility as measured by the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. …
Menstrual Expressions And Menstrual Attitudes, Terence Hays
Menstrual Expressions And Menstrual Attitudes, Terence Hays
Terence Hays
Women's responses to a questionnaire survery in a Northeastern U.S. college community are examined to determine whether usage preferences in menstrual expressions are systematically related to reported attitudes towards menstruation. While those women who use expressions with negative connotations tend to report negative attitudes, the converse is not true. A striking contrast is noted between familiarity and use of menstrual expressions and, in general, menstrual expressions are not consistently associated with or reflective of menstrual attitudes.
Psychological Assessment: What Will The Future Bring?, Ibpp Editor
Psychological Assessment: What Will The Future Bring?, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
The author discusses the (de)valuation of psychological assessment from various perspectives.
Update - June 2011, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics
Update - June 2011, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics
Update
In this issue:
[ Clinical Bioethics and Religion: Robert Orr's Medical Ethics and the Faith Factor ]
-- Forging a Path for Christian Ethics (Review)
-- A Passionate, Faith-Inspired Physician - Ethicist (Review)
-- Excepts from Robert Orr's Medical Ethics and the Faith Factor
-- 2012 Jack W. Provonsha lecture opens the Alumni Postgraduate Convention
-- Editorial
[ Claritás - Clarity in Ethics Essay Contest - White Coats: Purple Pens ]
-- First-place 2010 essay winner, Gregory A, Lammert, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University
-- Dental Ethics at Loma Linda University
-- Non-violent Revolution: Blessed Are the Peacemakers
-- …
The Role Of Religion And Spirituality In Counseling, Tiffany Nickles
The Role Of Religion And Spirituality In Counseling, Tiffany Nickles
Psychology and Child Development
While the 20th century has simultaneously brought about a growth in counseling and a reemergence of secularism, counseling in the 21st century has focused its attention on interventions that are sensitive to multicultural facets in clients’ lives. As professionals increasingly embrace multicultural competency in counseling and therapy, religion and spirituality arguably stand out as cultural and personal factors that are a salient part of framing one’s experiences, beliefs, values, behavior, and illness patterns. Despite the growing understanding of the pervasiveness and importance of spirituality and religion, most psychologists have little training in dealing with religious and spiritual issues. …
Keys To Unlocking Creative Potential: The Expressive Path To Personal Growth, Marta D. Ockuly
Keys To Unlocking Creative Potential: The Expressive Path To Personal Growth, Marta D. Ockuly
Creativity and Change Leadership Graduate Student Master's Projects
An experiential journey into personal growth and creative expression is, by nature, transformational. Undertaken in a public platform using social media (Twitter and blogging) it reveals powerful potential as a teaching and mentoring tool for inspiring creative action around the world. This project was designed to blend my joys and passions for tweeting positive inspiration and encouragement, sharing my readings and research related to creativity, exploring expressive art, activating creative potential with joy, collecting and sharing quotes, coaching positive change and creative action, and raising awareness of everyday creativity into a learning pathway which could be accessed by anyone using …
"Daddy Dearest": The Development Of Child Stars In The Studio System Of The 1930s Through '50s, Brittany N. Dalton
"Daddy Dearest": The Development Of Child Stars In The Studio System Of The 1930s Through '50s, Brittany N. Dalton
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Love: A Biological, Psychological And Philosophical Study, Heather M. Chapman
Love: A Biological, Psychological And Philosophical Study, Heather M. Chapman
Senior Honors Projects
The concept of love has been an eternally elusive subject. It is a definition and meaning that philosophers, psychologists, and biologists have been seeking since the beginning of time. Wars have been waged and fought over it, while friendships have been initiated and have ended because of this idea. But what exactly is love, and why is it important to define this enigma?
In order to help define this idea of love, several books and numerous research articles were consulted, and interviews were conducted with faculty of The University of Rhode Island. Dr. Nasser Zawia was interviewed, in order to …
Primetime Crime And Its Influence On Public Perception, Katherine E. Stott
Primetime Crime And Its Influence On Public Perception, Katherine E. Stott
Senior Honors Projects
Since the television became more readily available to the American public in the 1940s and 50s, television shows have captured the attention of the nation. While television programs and televisions themselves have changed since then there are a few constants, one being the continued popularity of crime shows. From Sunday to Saturday during ‘prime time’ on just the four major networks, there are over fifteen hours of crime programming. The shows aim to entertain, leading them to show many inaccuracies about crime and the justice system in America. Studies have shown that most white Americans receive their information about crime …