Psychology Commons^™

The Effect Of Levels Of Processing On Event-Related-Potentials, Warren Scott Merrifield

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The primary research question for this study was to determine if physiological correlates of encoding and retrieval could be observed across three levels of processing. It was hypothesized that physiological correlates of encoding and retrieval would be observed at electrode sites near Cz with the semantic processing condition yielding the most positive going event-related-potential, the phonological processing condition yielding an intermediate positive going event-related-potential, and the perceptual processing condition yielding the least positive going-event-related-potential. The experiment had a study phase and test phase. For the study phase, participants were encouraged to process the target word at one of three different …

The Self And Autobiographical Memory: Correspondence And Coherence, Martin A. Conway, Jefferson A. Singer, Angela Tagini

Psychology Faculty Publications

Introduces a modified version of Conway and Pleydell-Pearce's Self Memory System (SMS) account of autobiographical memory and the self. Discussion of a fundamental tension between adaptive correspondence and self-coherence; Examination of tension; Application of SMS to personality and clinical psychology.

The Feeling Of Music Past: How Listeners Remember Musical Affect, Alexander Rozin, Paul Rozin, Emily Goldberg

Music Theory, History & Composition Faculty Publications & Performances

No abstract provided.

Self-Esteem Of The Female Adolescent: As Promoted Through The Life Skills Class, Kelsey Sullivan

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

No abstract provided.

Perception Of Shared Visual Space: Establishing Common Ground In Real And Virtual Environments, Jonathan W. Kelly, Andrew C. Beall, Jack M. Loomis

Jonathan W. Kelly

When people have visual access to the same space, judgments of this shared visual space (shared vista) can facilitate communication and collaboration. This study establishes baseline performance on a shared vista task in real environments and draws comparisons with performance in visually immersive virtual environments. Participants indicated which parts of the scene were visible to an assistant or avatar (simulated person used in virtual environments) and which parts were occluded by a nearby building. Errors increased with increasing distance between the participant and the assistant out to 15 m, and error patterns were similar between real and virtual environments. This …

Exploration Of The Relationship Between Moral Judgment Development And Crystallized Intelligence, Kristy Jones

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Recent studies have reported different findings about how moral judgment as defined by the Defining Issues Test (DIT; Rest, Narvaez, Bebeau, & Thoma, 1999) relates to verbal intellectual ability. For example, Sanders, Lubinski, and Benbow (1995) argued that DIT scores are reducible to indices that represent verbal intellectual ability. Thoma and his colleagues (Derryberry, Thoma, Narvaez, & Rest, 2000; Thoma, Derryberry, & Narvaez, 2003; Thoma, Narvaez, Rest, & Derryberry, 1999) found support that DIT scores and indices of verbal intellectual ability are separate sources of information. In considering this relationship, these previous studies have most often referred to grade point …

The Effects Of Age And Task Timing Characteristics On Contingency Judgment, Marci C. Sammons

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Detecting contingency relationships between causal events allows us to adapt to and control these events. However, research has shown age-related impairments in this ability. The goal of this study was to examine how reduced processing speed in older adults affects contingency learning. Manipulating the time during which to generate the response, to test the limited time mechanism of processing speed, had little effect on contingency judgments. Varying the temporal contiguity of events, to test the simultaneity mechanism of processing speed, affected young adults’ contingency judgments. Older adults’ judgments were less accurate overall, and young adults’ judgments were similarly less accurate …

Brighter Noise: Sensory Enhancement Of Perceived Loudness By Concurrent Visual Stimulation, Yoav Arieh, Eric C. Odgaard, Lawrence E. Marks

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Two experiments investigated the effect of concurrently presented light on the perceived loudness of a low-level burst of white noise. The results suggest two points. First, white noise presented with light tends to be rated as louder than noise presented alone. Second, the enhancement in loudness judgments is resistant to two experimental manipulations: varying the probability that light accompanies sound and shifting from a rating method to a forced choice comparison. Both manipulations were previously shown to eliminate a complementary noise-induced enhancement in ratings of brightness. Whereas noise-induced enhancement of brightness seems to reflect a late-stage decisional process, such as …

The Effects Of Competition And Perceived Pressure On Performance Of A Visual Scanning Task: A Test Of Cognitive Evaluation Theory, Tanya R. Adkins

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

Cognitive Evaluation Theory was developed by Deci & Ryan, (1985) to explain factors that affect intrinsic motivation. This study was done to test this theory by having volunteers engage in direct and indirect competition while working on a simple task in a time-pressured environment. Specifically, it was predicted that task performance would be adversely affected in competition because participants would be focused on the outcome (winning versus losing), while being faced with a deadline for task completion. In addition, a reduction in intrinsic motivation toward the activity was expected. While these hypotheses were not supported, a proposal was made that …

Patients’ Perceptions Of Memory Functioning Before And After Surgical Intervention To Treat Medically Refractory Epilepsy., Tara T. Lineweaver, R. I. Naugle, A. M. Cafaro, W. Bingaman, H. O. Lüders

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Purpose:One risk associated with epilepsy surgery is memory loss, but perhaps more important is how patients perceive changes in their memories. This longitudinal study evaluated changes in memory self-reports and investigated how self-reports relate to changes on objective memory measures in temporal or extratemporal epilepsy patients who underwent surgery.

Methods: Objective memory (Wechsler Memory Scale–Revised) and subjective memory self-reports (Memory Assessment Clinics Self-Rating Scale) were individually assessed for 136 patients ∼6 months before and 6 months after surgery. A measure of depressive affect (Beck Depression Inventory–2nd Edition) was used to control variance attributable to emotional distress.

Results: Despite a …

Medial Temporal Lobe Activity For Recognition Of Recent And Remote Famous Names: An Event-Related Fmri Study, K Douville, J L. Woodard, M Seidenberg, S K. Miller, C L. Leveroni, Kristy Nielson, M Franczak, P Antuono, S M. Rao

Kristy Nielson

Previous neuroimaging studies examining recognition of famous faces have identified activation of an extensive bilateral neural network [Gorno Tempini, M. L., Price, C. J., Josephs, O., Vandenberghe, R., Cappa, S. F., Kapur, N. et al. (1998). The neural systems sustaining face and proper-name processing. Brain, 121, 2103–2118], including the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and specifically the hippocampal complex [Haist, F., Bowden, G. J., & Mao, H. (2001). Consolidation of human memory over decades revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 1139–1145; Leveroni, C. L., Seidenberg, M., Mayer, A. R., Mead, L. A., Binder, J. R., & Rao, S. …

Judgments Of Exocentric Direction In Large-Scale Space, Jonathan W. Kelly, Jack M. Loomis, Andrew C. Beall

Jonathan W. Kelly

Judgments of exocentric direction are quite common, especially when judging where others are looking or pointing. To investigate these judgments in large-scale space, observers were shown two targets in a large open field and were asked to judge the exocentric direction specified by the targets. The targets ranged in egocentric distance from 5 to 20 m with target-to-target angular separations of 45 8 ,90 8 , and 135 8 . Observers judged exocentric direction using two methods: (i) by judging which point on a distant fence appeared collinear with the two targets, and (ii) by orienting their body in a …

Imagery In Sentence Comprehension: An Fmri Study, Marcel Just, Sharlene Newman, Timothy Keller, Alice Mceleney, Patricia Carpenter

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

How The Brain Processes Causal Inferences In Text: A Theoretical Account Of Generation And Integration Component Processes Utilizing Both Cerebral Hemispheres, Robert Mason, Marcel Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Learning To Decode Cognitive States From Brain Images, Tom M. Mitchell, Rebecca Hutchinson, Radu S. Niculescu, Francisco Pereira, Xuerui Wang, Marcel Adam Just, Sharlene D. Newman

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Phineas Paist And The Architecture Of Coral Gables, Florida, Nicholas Patricios

Nicholas Patricios

Coral Gables in South Florida is lauded as one of America's finest early 20th century planned developments. It was the vision of George Merrick, the city's founder and master builder, to create a completely planned development. The architect Phineas Paist (1875-1937) played a major role in realizing Merrick's dream for Coral Gables as "colorist," "supervisor," and "designer." To better understand Paist’s ideas, his architecture, and his contribution to the architecture of Coral Gables it is necessary to examine his education and experiences during his formative years prior to his arrival in Coral Gables.

Cortical Activation And Synchronization During Sentence Comprehension In High-Functioning Autism: Evidence Of Underconnectivity, Marcel Adam Just, Vladimir L. Cherkassky, Timothy A. Keller, Nancy J. Minshew

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

How To Learn From Our Mistakes: Explanation And Moral Justification, Kristin Andrews

Kristin Andrews, PhD