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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Effects Of Bilingualism, Modality, And Concreteness In Foreign Language Vocabulary Learning, Naoko Tsuboi
The Effects Of Bilingualism, Modality, And Concreteness In Foreign Language Vocabulary Learning, Naoko Tsuboi
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The present study investigated claims in previous research that bilinguals may have an advantage over monolinguals in learning vocabulary in an unfamiliar language, but only if learning through the more proficient language. The present study examined whether bilingual adults learn new language vocabulary more efficiently than monolingual adults and whether language dominance or proficiency impacts associative memory performance. English monolinguals (n = 48), English-Spanish bilinguals (n = 48), and Spanish-English bilinguals (n = 48) learned Japanese words paired with English translations and completed cued-recall and associative-recognition tests. In contrast to previous research, there was no bilingual advantage in learning new …
Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Resilience And Mental Health Among College Students In The El Paso Texas Border Region, Maribel G. Dominguez
Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Resilience And Mental Health Among College Students In The El Paso Texas Border Region, Maribel G. Dominguez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), mental health and resilience among adults living in the United States - Mexico Border region. Background: Numerous studies have investigated the negative impact of ACEs on adult mental health, but the concept of resilience as a protective factor for mental health has limited consideration in ACE treatment interventions. The proposed study addresses this gap in knowledge by investigating relations between ACEs, resilience, and mental health in the understudied U.S - Mexico Border population. Method: An online survey was administered to 221 university students to …
The Influence (Or Lack Thereof) Of Stereotypes On Spontaneous Trait Inferences, Jessica Renee Bray
The Influence (Or Lack Thereof) Of Stereotypes On Spontaneous Trait Inferences, Jessica Renee Bray
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Research has shown that people spontaneously make trait inferences from observing others perform behaviors. The present research presents two experiments that examined the influence of stereotypes on spontaneous trait inferences. Experiment 1 utilized the recognition probe paradigm, a traditional method of assessing spontaneous trait inferences. Experiment 2 controlled for potential biases (e.g. priming effects and linguistic properties) by modifying the recognition probe paradigm. Results showed support for spontaneous trait inferences only with the traditional recognition probe paradigm. Stereotypes only influenced the accuracy of spontaneous trait inferences with the traditional recognition probe paradigm. The current results suggest that the traditional recognition …
The Implications Of Gender Roles On Hiv Risk Behaviors And Latinas' Hiv Risk Perception Among A College Sample, Juliana De Almeida Cardoso Smith
The Implications Of Gender Roles On Hiv Risk Behaviors And Latinas' Hiv Risk Perception Among A College Sample, Juliana De Almeida Cardoso Smith
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The primary aim of the proposed research was to investigate the moderating effects of gender roles in regards to HIV sexual risk behaviors and HIV risk perception. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a serious public health concern that affects an estimated 1.2 million individuals in the United States, disproportionately affecting ethnic minorities. We hypothesize that gender roles will significantly moderate the relationship between HIV sexual risk behaviors and HIV risk perceptions. Additionally, we hypothesize that while subordinate marianismo and perceived partner's negative machismo will not moderate the relationship between HIV sexual risk behaviors and HIV risk perceptions by themselves; their …
Assessing The Predictive Utility Of The Positive Achievement Change Tool At A Texas Juvenile Justice Agency, Elizabeth Perez Hutchins
Assessing The Predictive Utility Of The Positive Achievement Change Tool At A Texas Juvenile Justice Agency, Elizabeth Perez Hutchins
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
In the United States, millions of youth are processed in the juvenile justice system each year. Juvenile probation officers, case managers, and clinicians have the daunting task of making critical case-processing decisions for this vulnerable population including program placement, supervision, and treatment. Moreover, juvenile justice professionals must be mindful of numerous factors such as risk to public safety and the juvenile's risk to reoffend when making these decisions. In recent years, juvenile justice agencies have employed the Risk-Need-Responsivity model, the pre-eminent evidence-based model for offender assessment and management, to aide in the decision-making process. Although implementation of risk assessment tools …
Under The Skin: Psychophysiological Consequences Of Racial Discrimination, Miriam Josephine Alvarez
Under The Skin: Psychophysiological Consequences Of Racial Discrimination, Miriam Josephine Alvarez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Background. Attitudes toward one's ethnic group can have particular implications for health functioning among groups that are misrepresented or discriminated against by societal institutions. The present experiments tested the consequences of experiencing racism on psychophysiological stress and executive function. Resilience and ethnic identity are examined as a protective factors. Specifically, Experiment 1 testes how discrimination impacts (1) anxiety, (2) heart rate, (3) working memory, and (4) the role of resilience as a protective factor. Experiment 2 sought to (1) replicate Experiment 1, (2) explore the interaction of ethnic identification and perceived prejudice on stress among Latinxs, and (3) establish a …
The Love Is Not Lost: The Reparative Function Of Romantic Nostalgia, Nicholas Daniel Evans
The Love Is Not Lost: The Reparative Function Of Romantic Nostalgia, Nicholas Daniel Evans
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Recent research has found that experiencing romantic nostalgia (i.e. nostalgia specific to one's romantic partner or relationship) can serve several emotional and experiential benefits to romantic relationships. Yet, research within this domain is still limited-specifically, how nostalgia can improve relationships during turmoil or conflict. Thus, in two studies, the current project investigates the reparative benefits of romantic nostalgia when experienced in the context of relationship turmoil. Study 1 (N = 245) investigated the links between trait romantic nostalgia, the conflict compromise style, and positive relationship experiences: closeness, commitment, and relationship satisfaction. Romantic nostalgia was positively linked to all three relationship …
Critical Political Correctness In The Era Of Properness, Isaac Tapia Martinez
Critical Political Correctness In The Era Of Properness, Isaac Tapia Martinez
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
In an Era of Properness, opinions, beliefs, expressions, attitudes, and actions are suppressed through Repressing Situationalities with the ultimate goal of portraying an acceptable and mainstream proper personal display. Repressing situationalities are stances an individual takes that limits it from attempting or reaching their full potential on diverse objectives as they are disempowering states of mind and body linked to deterministic, fatalistic and conformist ideological frameworks. Inner motives and external pressures play a critical role in how decisions are made, especially those related to behavior. This Dissertation investigates and describes from an advocacy and participatory worldview, how mainstream Repressing Situationalities …
An Investigation Of The Loci Of Bilingual Switch Costs During Reading Comprehension, Joseph Anthony Negron
An Investigation Of The Loci Of Bilingual Switch Costs During Reading Comprehension, Joseph Anthony Negron
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
In the present study, we examined whether the comprehension of language switches can be accounted for exclusively by activation dynamics within the lexicon, or whether there is evidence that cognitive general control processes outside of the lexicon are also engaged. In Experiment 1 we compared the fixation durations made on words embedded in either language pure or language switched sentences. The critical words were either cognates or non-cognate controls and served as the switch point in the language switched versions of the sentences. An overall switch cost was observed, which did not interact with cognate status or direction of the …
Validating A Masculinity Scale In A Non-College Sample, Rubi Gonzales
Validating A Masculinity Scale In A Non-College Sample, Rubi Gonzales
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Sexual assault in the United States is prevalent. One out of every six American women has been the victim of an attempted rape or complete rape. Previous research demonstrates that hypermasculine attitudes are positively predictive of sexual aggression toward women. In these studies, researchers have continued to utilize outdated and inappropriate measures like the Hypermasculinity Inventory (1984) to assess hypermasculinity. Measures that assess hypermasculinity have only been validated on college samples. A modern measure of masculinity is the Auburn Differential Masculinity Inventory-23 (Burk, Burkhart, & Sikorski, 2004), which has been validated in college samples. The present research evaluated the psychometric …
Examination Of Sex Differences And The Role Of Ovarian Hormones In Modulating Nicotine Withdrawal In Rats, Rodolfo Jesus Flores Garcia
Examination Of Sex Differences And The Role Of Ovarian Hormones In Modulating Nicotine Withdrawal In Rats, Rodolfo Jesus Flores Garcia
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Introduction: Aim 1 characterized sex differences and the role of ovarian hormones in physical signs and negative affective states produced by nicotine withdrawal in female, ovariectomized female (OVX), and male rats. We also compared nicotine withdrawal and corticosterone levels with estradiol (E2) and progesterone across the 4-day estrous cycle. Aim 2 validated the role of ovarian hormones in withdrawal in OVX females that received vehicle, E2, or E2+progesterone. Methods: Female rats received a sham surgery or an ovariectomy procedure. Fifteen days later, all rats were implanted with a pump that delivered nicotine for 14 days. On the test day, separate …
Cross-Language Sense Priming, Jennifer M. Blush
Cross-Language Sense Priming, Jennifer M. Blush
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Research has yet to systematically examine the extent to which activation spreads across multiple senses of words. The two present experiments focused on examining the effects of cross-language sense priming via processing polysemous words in and out of a sentence context. In Experiment 1, participants made semantic verification of word pairs; critical trials contained polysemous words. In Experiment 2, participants read sentences in an eye-tracker with critical sentences containing both instantiations of a polysemous word. Results from both experiments suggested that senses can be primed within and across languages. These results give support for the DFM's interconnective network of conceptual …
The Language Content Of Computer-Mediated Versus Face-To-Face Motivational-Type Interviews, Karla Deyanira Llanes
The Language Content Of Computer-Mediated Versus Face-To-Face Motivational-Type Interviews, Karla Deyanira Llanes
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an extensively used technique to facilitate behavior change by increasing a person's own motivation and commitment toward change. Recently, several innovative and effective ways to conduct motivational interviews have emerged. However, one potential option has not been investigated: the utility of conducting a motivational interview via computer. The current study begins to address this gap in knowledge by comparing the language content of computer-mediated motivational-type interviews and face-to-face motivational-type interviews. The motivational-type interviews were conducted with young adults who reported ambivalence about their level of recreational marijuana use. Specifically, non-marijuana users, occasional marijuana users, and frequent …
Cross-Language Activation And Integration Of Concepts In Text Passages, Karly Meillyn Schleicher
Cross-Language Activation And Integration Of Concepts In Text Passages, Karly Meillyn Schleicher
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Learning from text requires the ability to efficiently activate and retrieve relevant concepts from long-term memory and connect these with new information that is being presented in the text. It is assumed that memory representations built from text can be influenced by both surface level information (i.e., word forms), or deeper, conceptual level information. The goal of the present study was to investigate the role of surface level features (i.e., language) influence memory representations developed from text. By recruiting Spanish-English bilinguals, the present study investigated how surface level features from a reader's two lexicons influences the activation and integration of …
An Evaluation Of A Tobacco Control Network Along The Us/Mexico Border, Dessaray Gorbett
An Evaluation Of A Tobacco Control Network Along The Us/Mexico Border, Dessaray Gorbett
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States (U.S.), killing more than 480,000 people per year. Public health networks and coalitions have shown to be able to promote health behavior change. More specifically, coalitions and networks emphasizing tobacco control issues have proven to be effective in recent years. The Paso del Norte Tobacco Control Network (Network) grew out of a coalition in El Paso, TX and currently includes representatives from west Texas, southern New Mexico, and northern Chihuahua, Mexico. The current project evaluated the Network's collaborations amongst organizations, internal organizational structure, and knowledge on tobacco …