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Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Effect Of Environmental And Psychological Coping Resources On Unemployed Adults' Well-Being, Robert Paul Carnicella
The Effect Of Environmental And Psychological Coping Resources On Unemployed Adults' Well-Being, Robert Paul Carnicella
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Gowan and Gatewood's (1997) theory of coping with job loss provided a framework for studying how individuals cope with the stress of unemployment. Previous empirical evidence identified social support and financial resources as predictors of unemployed adults' coping outcomes. McKee-Ryan, Song, Wanberg, and Kinicki (2005), however, noted the need for further research to better understand the environmental and psychological coping resources used by unemployed adults. Savickas (2005) hypothesized that individuals who endorse greater amounts of adaptable thinking about their careers will also report a greater sense of well-being during career transitions. Thus, the present study examined how environmental and psychological …
The Effects Of College Self-Efficacy And Belongingness On Adjustment To College In First-Generation College Students, Christopher Connacher
The Effects Of College Self-Efficacy And Belongingness On Adjustment To College In First-Generation College Students, Christopher Connacher
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Previous research suggests that, compared to students whose parents attended college, first-generation college students experience obstacles as they transition to college including lesser academic preparation (Horn & Nunez, 2000), lesser access to financial and informational resources (Bui, 2002), greater likelihood of disparities between home and collegiate cultural values (Stephens et al., 2012), lower levels of college adjustment (Brown, 2008) and greater likelihood of not completing a college degree (Chen, 2005). The present study assessed the relationship between college generational status and college adjustment, and examined the possibility that college self-efficacy and belongingness may mediate that relationship.
Investigating The Main Effects And Interactions Of Induced Mood And Emotional Urgency On Self-Report Cannabis Craving And Consumption, Joseph Anthony De Leo
Investigating The Main Effects And Interactions Of Induced Mood And Emotional Urgency On Self-Report Cannabis Craving And Consumption, Joseph Anthony De Leo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The current research investigates the role of induced mood states and emotional urgency - a mood-based facet of impulsivity, on cannabis use behaviors. Specifically, this research aims to extend previous work linking impulsivity and substance use behaviors by examining the relation of `emotional urgency' on cannabis craving and consumption.
Developing A Typology Of Juvenile Sex Offenders, Creaig Anthony Dunton
Developing A Typology Of Juvenile Sex Offenders, Creaig Anthony Dunton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Understanding juvenile sex offenders is of the utmost importance in order to ensure effective treatment and reduce recidivism. A more thorough recognition of this population is the best option in preventing future offending, because most adult sex offenders began their criminal careers in adolescence. Extant typologies of this population have been limited to be only descriptive or not empirically verified and thus of limited use. Hierarchical cluster analysis is used to develop a taxonomy based upon the content of case files from two juvenile treatment programs, based upon demographic information, offense details, psychological and behavioral issues, and participation in treatment. …
Exploring The Impact Of Behaviorally Enacted Vs. Imaginal Delivery Of An Acceptance-Based Metaphor On Acute Panicogenic Distress In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy : A Comparative Evaluation, Kristin N. Herzberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Metaphors, or indirect and less literal forms of communication in the therapeutic setting, can be powerful and clinically impactful components of psychosocial interventions. Metaphors are widely used in therapeutic practice, and rest at the core of newer third generation behavior therapies such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl & Wilson, 2011). Yet, to date, systematic empirical evaluations of the effectiveness of metaphor in the treatment of anxiety disorders and other forms of psychopathology have been largely ignored. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of an ACT-relevant metaphor on acute panicogenic distress (i.e., panic-like symptoms). Specifically, …
The Impact Of Demographics, Resources, And Training On The Quality Of School Crisis Plans, Erin Elizabeth Gurdineer
The Impact Of Demographics, Resources, And Training On The Quality Of School Crisis Plans, Erin Elizabeth Gurdineer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
As our nation has become more aware of severe, yet usually rare, crisis events in schools, the need for crisis planning is more evident. Although the severity of crises can differ greatly (e.g., school shooting versus physical assaults), crisis preparedness is an essential component of schools' responsibilities in order to effectively respond to a variety of situations. A total of 70 participants, from multiple states across the United States, completed an online questionnaire about demographic characteristics, resources for school crisis planning, and training on crisis topics. Participants also submitted a copy of their school's crisis plan to be evaluated using …
Depressive Symptoms, Neuropsychological Performance, And Cognitive Complaints Among Individuals With Hiv, Andrea Lynn Hobkirk
Depressive Symptoms, Neuropsychological Performance, And Cognitive Complaints Among Individuals With Hiv, Andrea Lynn Hobkirk
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The rates of depression and neuropsychological impairment in HIV-positive populations are considerably higher than the general population. Consistent research suggests that depression is not related to cognitive impairment in HIV, however the majority of these studies were conducted with unidimensional or dichotomous measures of depression, weak methodologies, and small sample sizes. There is limited research suggesting that affective and somatic depressive symptoms alone may be associated with neuropsychological impairment in HIV, possibly through central nervous system dysfunction, yet no study to date has assessed this relation with an adequate sample size and a full neuropsychological battery. In addition, no study …
Effect Of A Diversity Training Workshop On College Students' Prejudice And Awareness Of Privilege, David Kasson
Effect Of A Diversity Training Workshop On College Students' Prejudice And Awareness Of Privilege, David Kasson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Universities and college are attempting to build more multicultural environments with various programming. One type of program is the prejudice-reduction workshop. Such programs are believed to encourage reductions in participants' prejudicial attitudes and biases. Another consideration is whether such interventions may promote elevations in students' multicultural awareness and sensitivity. Verification of the effectiveness of such programs is often lacking. A common prejudice-reduction workshop employed on college campuses is the National Coalition Building Institute's (NCBI) Welcoming Diversity/Prejudice Reduction Workshop (NCBI, 2001). The model is purported to encourage reductions in participants' prejudice and encourage an appreciation for diverse people. However, there is …
The Automaticity Of Emotion V. Emotion-Laden Word Processing : Findings From Unmasked And Masked Priming Approaches, Stephanie Ann Kazanas
The Automaticity Of Emotion V. Emotion-Laden Word Processing : Findings From Unmasked And Masked Priming Approaches, Stephanie Ann Kazanas
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A lexical decision task (LDT) was used to determine if there are differences between emotion word types when they are processed, both explicitly (Experiment 1) and implicitly (Experiment 2). For example, prime-target word pairs contained either emotion (e.g., love, fear, anxious) or emotion-laden (e.g., puppy, chocolate, hospital) words. Previous experiments within this area of research have investigated how emotionality, concreteness, and abstractness affect word processing (Altarriba & Bauer, 2004; Altarriba, Bauer, & Benvenuto, 1999). As Bleasdale (1987) first argued, abstract words were, in many ways, different from concrete words. Research has continued along this vein, confirming that emotion words are …
How Maladaptive Perfectionism Relates To Depression Among Asian International Students : Testing The Mediating Effects Of Acculturative Stress And Perceived Social Support, Jungeun Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study investigates how maladaptive perfectionism relates to depression among Asian international students by examining the mediating effects of acculturative stress and perceived social support. Given the recent emphasis on assessing situation-specific stress (Dunkley, Zuroff, & Blankstein, 2003) and examining the generalizability of the stress-mediation hypothesis (Hewitt & Flett, 2002; Hewitt, Flett, & Ediger, 1996) and the social disconnection model (Hewitt, Flett, Sherry, & Caelian, 2006), both direct and indirect relationships were hypothesized among the four constructs of interest, i.e., maladaptive perfectionism, acculturative stress, perceived social support, and depression. Specifically, this study tested acculturative stress and perceived social support as …
The Case For Character : A Reply To Situationism, Brandon Lee
The Case For Character : A Reply To Situationism, Brandon Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The notion of character is a familiar and prominent part of ethical theorizing, and of our everyday discourse. Character is used to explain how people act, to predict what they will do, to judge whether they ought to be trusted, and utilized in a multitude of other ways. A camp of philosophers dubbed the "Situationists", however, argue that research in social psychology shows the notion of character as we traditionally understand it is empirically unsupported, and consequently that all our discourse and ethical thought involving character is gravely mistaken. Instead, these philosophers contend that what influences and informs our perception …
Exploring U.S. Imperialist Influences On Bicultural Koreans' Identity Negotiation : A Critical Theory Study, Minsun Lee
Exploring U.S. Imperialist Influences On Bicultural Koreans' Identity Negotiation : A Critical Theory Study, Minsun Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Bicultural identity has traditionally been studied in a contextual vacuum, with little attention to how asymmetrical power dynamics between two cultures influence the negotiation of a bicultural identity. This critical theory study used a focus group and follow-up individual interviews to illuminate how five adult bicultural Koreans residing in the U.S. negotiate their sociocultural identities within the context of U.S. imperialist influences. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (Smith & Osborn, 2008) and methods drawn from feminist research (Anderson & Jack, 1991) were employed to analyze the data.
Outcome Expectancies Mediate The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Marijuana Craving, Mallory Loflin
Outcome Expectancies Mediate The Impact Of Olfactory Cues On Marijuana Craving, Mallory Loflin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Current work suggests that the presence of "craving" may be a significant indicator of problematic substance use. Nevertheless, little work has examined how cannabis users experience and develop craving. Most relevant studies focus on samples in treatment. Previous work suggests that cues for marijuana might activate outcome expectancies that contribute to the development of craving. The present study sought to test whether an olfactory marijuana cue would create changes in expectancy, mood, and craving in a non-treatment seeking sample representing both users and non-users. Unlike control cues, olfactory cues for marijuana increased perceptions of the likelihood of marijuana-induced positive outcomes …
Participation In Immersion Weight Loss Treatment May Benefit, Not Harm, Young Adult Staff Members, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Participation In Immersion Weight Loss Treatment May Benefit, Not Harm, Young Adult Staff Members, Katherine Elizabeth Schaumberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
American teens and young adults are at risk for developing pathological eating patterns, which can lead to eating disorders and obesity. Despite the success of weight management programs for obese individuals, some researchers caution that participation in an aggressive approach to weight management could promote the development of eating disorders. The current study evaluated the risks of following a weight management program for healthy young adults who served as staff members in immersion treatment of obesity over the course of a summer. Participants included Wellspring staff members (n = 108) along with a comparison group of young adults with similar …
Effects Of Third Party Observation Behind A One-Way Mirror On Neuropsychological Tests With Varying Conative Load, Jessica Stenclik
Effects Of Third Party Observation Behind A One-Way Mirror On Neuropsychological Tests With Varying Conative Load, Jessica Stenclik
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study investigated the effects of third party observation with a one-way mirror on tests that differ in conative load from the Halstead Reitan Neuropsychological Battery (HRNB). Additionally, the California Verbal Learning Test- II (CVLT-II) was examined, as this is a popular measure of memory with which the effects of third party observation is unknown. Examinees (n=93) were recruited from an undergraduate research pool of a large State University. All were administered the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT), Finger Tapping Test (FTT), Digit Span from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale- 3rd edition, Trail Making Test A and B, CVLT-II, and …
Effects Of Construal Level On The Reliance On Affect Versus Substance, Ellen O'Malley
Effects Of Construal Level On The Reliance On Affect Versus Substance, Ellen O'Malley
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The influence of construal level on judgment and decision-making is often seen in consumer research. However, the effect of construal level on preferences for evaluative inputs rather than final products is less explored. Two experiments were conducted to examine whether construal level affects the degree to which individuals rely on either affective or substantive information when making evaluative judgments; specifically, that abstract construals increase reliance on affective information, whereas concrete construals increase reliance on substantive information. Experiment 1 provided evidence for a relative preference for affective versus substantive information when engaged in abstract and concrete construals, respectively. Experiment 2 replicated …
Unwanted And Out Of Control : The Role Of Rejection Sensitivity And The Inhibition Of Rejection In The Depletion Of Self-Control, Jennifer L. Perella
Unwanted And Out Of Control : The Role Of Rejection Sensitivity And The Inhibition Of Rejection In The Depletion Of Self-Control, Jennifer L. Perella
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Self-regulation, also referred to as self-control, has been defined as one's capacity to override, interrupt, and otherwise alter one's responses. According to the strength model of self-control, self-regulatory resources are limited; exerting effort on one task leads to decreased performance on a subsequent task requiring self-control, or depletion of one's self-regulation capacity. Self-control depletion has been the focus of much research in the past decade as lack of self-control has been implicated in many maladaptive interpersonal behaviors such as aggression and decreased helping behaviors. Previous research has demonstrated that being rejected is one way that one's self-regulatory resources can be …
School Psychologists' Awareness, Involvement, And Perceptions In Servicing Gifted Learners, Monica Pires
School Psychologists' Awareness, Involvement, And Perceptions In Servicing Gifted Learners, Monica Pires
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
School psychologists are comprehensive service providers asked to help with all students in assessing their needs, providing intervention strategies, and consulting with others. However, the role of school psychologists in gifted education is unclear, as more attention is given to students perceived to be disadvantaged. This underserved population experiences a wide-range of challenges that can be assisted by school psychologists (Brown, 1982; E.L. Robinson, 2002). To date, there has been no study to investigate school psychologists' awareness, perceptions, and involvement in gifted education. This study assessed potential service delivery differences in gifted education, examined current practices and awareness of related …
Effect Of Brief Mindfulness Meditation On Expressive Writing, Alvin Poon
Effect Of Brief Mindfulness Meditation On Expressive Writing, Alvin Poon
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
An impressive body of research indicates that expressive writing, which encourages participants
Mechanisms Of Change In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy : The Role Of Self-Compassion, Mindfulness, And Anxiety Sensitivity In Simple And Multiple Mediation, Amanda Russo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Much of psychotherapy research over the past few decades has focused explicitly on outcomes and neglected examining mediators or mechanisms of change. Not surprisingly, an abundance of outcome research focuses on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Nevertheless, very few studies have examined ACT processes in formal mediation analyses. Three potential mediators of outcomes in ACT include self-compassion, mindfulness, and anxiety sensitivity. The current experiment extends an original evaluation of the effectiveness of two self-help workbooks (traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy--CBT--and ACT) for the treatment of anxious suffering in a randomized clinical trial, examining potential simple and multiple mediators responsible for the …
Relation Of Therapeutic Alliance To Retention In Eight Cases Of Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Alyson H. Sheehan
Relation Of Therapeutic Alliance To Retention In Eight Cases Of Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Alyson H. Sheehan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This mixed-methods study was designed to explore how the therapeutic alliance may influence retention in conjoint family therapy with adolescent drug abusers. Eight videotaped first sessions from a large-scale effectiveness study of Brief Strategic Family Therapy (BSFT; Robbins, Feaster, Horigan et al., 2011) were selected in which four trained BSFT therapists saw one family that continued in treatment and one family that dropped out after that session.
The Masking Effects Of Light On Circadian Activity And Sleep Rhythms In Drosophila Melanogaster, Aaron David Sheppard
The Masking Effects Of Light On Circadian Activity And Sleep Rhythms In Drosophila Melanogaster, Aaron David Sheppard
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
As organisms evolved, so did mechanisms for synchronizing behavior to the environmental light-dark cycle. Two main mechanisms provide this link: the synchronization of an endogenous circadian oscillator with the exogenous environment (entrainment), and a process called "masking", which functions independently from the circadian clock. Organisms have evolved these endogenous and exogenous mechanisms to adapt to the light-dark cycle of their niches in order to integrate their behavioral and physiological responses with predictable changes in their environments, in this case changes involving the daily light-dark cycle.
The Degree Of Conation On Neuropsychological Tests Does Not Account For Performance Invalidity Among Litigants, Graham Michael Silk-Eglit
The Degree Of Conation On Neuropsychological Tests Does Not Account For Performance Invalidity Among Litigants, Graham Michael Silk-Eglit
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Conation has been defined as the ability to focus and maintain intellectual energy over time. Prior research has shown that conation contributes to the magnitude of differences in test scores among brain-damaged and nonbrain-damaged examinees. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine if conation might similarly account for differences in test scores among performance valid and performance invalid examinees. An archival analysis was therefore carried out on 52 examinees administered the Halstead Reitan Neuropsychological Battery (HRNB) and several Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) in a medico-legal context. Analyses revealed that conation had no impact on the magnitude of test …
Emerging Adults : Analysis Of Learning Patterns In Collegiate Classrooms, Joan Ann Swanson
Emerging Adults : Analysis Of Learning Patterns In Collegiate Classrooms, Joan Ann Swanson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Emerging adults, who are transitioning from adolescence to adulthood, often spend a significant amount of time on college campuses preparing for their future endeavors. Today's educator is facing many options for addressing the educational needs of their students, as well as a myriad of learning resources and tremendous advances in technology. Their emerging adult students are dealing with multiple distractions, adjustments and transitions. This study examined preferred emerging adult learning styles in light of an information processing framework using grounded theory qualitative analysis. The study also explored students' reported preferences for optimal learning experiences and engagement within the collegiate classroom, …
Predictors Of Burnout And Vigor Among Clinical And Counseling Psychology Doctoral Students, Brett Swords
Predictors Of Burnout And Vigor Among Clinical And Counseling Psychology Doctoral Students, Brett Swords
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Work-related burnout, although connected to many negative outcomes (Kahill, 1988), has not been thoroughly studied in the graduate student population. The goal of the present study was to examine burnout and vigor among clinical and counseling psychology doctoral students. Based on conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll & Freedy, 1993; Hobfoll & Shirom, 2001), five variables were selected as predictors of burnout and vigor: two types of general work-related stress (i.e., pressure and threat; Stanton et al., 2001), the supervisory working alliance, financial strain, and conflict with others in the workplace. Seven hypotheses were tested about the expected relation between burnout …
Exploring The Impact Of Meditation On Attentional Allocation To Emotion, Sychopathology, And Acute Stress, In A Community Sample With Mixed Anxiety And Depression, Nicholas Thomas Van Dam
Exploring The Impact Of Meditation On Attentional Allocation To Emotion, Sychopathology, And Acute Stress, In A Community Sample With Mixed Anxiety And Depression, Nicholas Thomas Van Dam
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Attempts to define mindfulness in the clinical and psychological sciences have been marred by contradictions, inconsistencies, and controversies. In this wait-list (WL) controlled mindfulness meditation training (MMT) study, the efficacy and potential mechanisms of MMT was tested in a community sample with undiagnosed, but significant, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. In a pre/post design, which also included 3 month follow-up, participants completed self-report measures, participated in a psychosocial stress task (before and after which they completed self-report mood questionnaires and had physiological and salivary neuroendocrine markers collected), and completed an emotional attentional blink paradigm. Compared to WL (n = …
Is Translation Enough? : A Study Of The Item Characteristics Which Influence Equivalence Between English And Spanish Versions Of A Selection Test, Andrea Valentine
Is Translation Enough? : A Study Of The Item Characteristics Which Influence Equivalence Between English And Spanish Versions Of A Selection Test, Andrea Valentine
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The goal of this study was to investigate the equivalence between an English and Spanish version of a selection test that was used to hire entry-level employees for a nationwide retail organization. By using a test that was back translated from English to Spanish, this study aimed at understanding whether different item characteristics are related to differential item functioning (DIF) and whether these item characteristics moderate the degree of equivalence between IRT item parameters. An understanding of which item characteristics influence equivalence can help guide researchers and practitioners in deciding on which items require test adaptation and which can simply …
The Relationship Between Preterm Birth, Temperament, And Psychopathology, Renata Vaysman
The Relationship Between Preterm Birth, Temperament, And Psychopathology, Renata Vaysman
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The survival rates of preterm children have improved dramatically since the advent of new technologies and medical treatments. However, the long term behavioral implications of preterm birth are still being investigated. The current study sought to explore the relationships between birth status (preterm or full term), temperament, and psychopathology. A sample of preterm children and their parents, as well as a sample of age-matched controls and their parents, were recruited for participation in this study. The former group was recruited for participation through a local hospital while the latter group was recruited through flyer distributions in several local school districts. …
An Experimental Manipulation Of Body Checking And Mirror Exposure Over Time In Men And Women With High Shape Or Weight Concern, Dvora Catherine Walker
An Experimental Manipulation Of Body Checking And Mirror Exposure Over Time In Men And Women With High Shape Or Weight Concern, Dvora Catherine Walker
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Although body checking and avoidance behaviors are associated with a range of negative behavioral, emotional, and cognitive outcomes and have been identified as maintaining factors in body dissatisfaction and eating disorder psychopathology, they have only recently begun to be researched as an important target of treatment. Few studies have used experimental means to examine the direct effects of body checking manipulations, and those that have were conducted on one occasion. Further, research published to date has only examined potential treatments aimed at reducing body checking and avoidance behaviors in female or predominantly female samples. The present study sought to address …
A Case Study Of The Adoption And Implementation Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports (Pbis) Tier 2 In Two Elementary Schools, Kathleen Emma Affigne
A Case Study Of The Adoption And Implementation Of Positive Behavioral Interventions And Supports (Pbis) Tier 2 In Two Elementary Schools, Kathleen Emma Affigne
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study was designed to explore four primary research questions. Why do schools and districts adopt PBIS? Which stakeholders were included in the decision-making process to adopt PBIS? Do these adoption dynamics influence PBIS Tier 2 implementation? With PBIS Tier 2 implementation fidelity as a desirable outcome, what are the relevant facilitators, constraints, and obstacles?