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Articles 1 - 30 of 34
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Perceptions Of Violence Prevention Climate And Strain: A Mediated Model, Jeremy A. Bauer, David L. Sexton, Kevin Askew, Joshua S. Rodefer, David C. Daniel, Jacob W. Highsmith, Natalie Evans, Mark A. Whatley
Perceptions Of Violence Prevention Climate And Strain: A Mediated Model, Jeremy A. Bauer, David L. Sexton, Kevin Askew, Joshua S. Rodefer, David C. Daniel, Jacob W. Highsmith, Natalie Evans, Mark A. Whatley
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The current study investigated the interrelationships across perceptions of violence prevention climate and several workplace strain variables (i.e., job satisfaction, turnover intentions, physical symptoms of strain, and burnout). By adopting a social exchange framework, trust was identified as a potential mediator of the relationships between the focal variables. One hundred and eight employees participated in the cross-sectional design by completing a self-report survey. Correlational analyses revealed support for significant associations between perceptions of violence prevention climate and the workplace strain variables. Moreover, mediational analyses revealed that trust fully mediated the relationships between perceptions of violence prevention climate and job satisfaction, …
Pilot Investigation Of The Relationship Between Hippocampal Volume And Pattern Separation Deficits In Multiple Sclerosis, Mark D. Zuppichini, Joshua Sandry
Pilot Investigation Of The Relationship Between Hippocampal Volume And Pattern Separation Deficits In Multiple Sclerosis, Mark D. Zuppichini, Joshua Sandry
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Memory impairment and hippocampal atrophy are common in multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present pilot study, we investigate whether the mnemonic process of pattern separation is impaired and a predictor of hippocampal volume in relapsing remitting MS. MS participants and healthy controls completed the Mnemonic Similarities Task (MST) along with traditional neurocognitive assessments of memory. 3T structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to estimate whole hippocampal volumes (main aim) and hippocampal subfield volumes (exploratory aim). Results revealed that pattern separation performance was worse for MS participants compared to healthy controls (Cohen's d = 0.96). For MS participants, hippocampal volume was …
School-Based Bullying And Teen Dating Violence Prevention Laws: Overlapping Or Distinct?, Michele Cascardi, Christopher King, Daniel Rector, Jill Delpozzo
School-Based Bullying And Teen Dating Violence Prevention Laws: Overlapping Or Distinct?, Michele Cascardi, Christopher King, Daniel Rector, Jill Delpozzo
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The most recent legislative attempts to curb violence in schools have been school-based dating violence prevention laws. In the previous decade, there was an increase in legislation designed to prevent bullying in schools; these laws now exist in 50 states. However, most anti-bullying laws provide an expansive definition of bullying that includes any type of peer aggression, harassment, or teen dating violence (TDV). Having several different state and federal laws aimed at curtailing multiple forms of aggression may produce confusion about appropriate intervention and disciplinary responses, requiring school districts to develop parallel sets of policies, educational curricula, intervention approaches, and …
Spatio-Temporal Distribution Of Negative Emotions In New York City After A Natural Disaster As Seen In Social Media, Oliver Gruebner, Sarah R. Lowe, Martin Sykora, Ketan Shankardass, Sv Subramanian, Sandro Galea
Spatio-Temporal Distribution Of Negative Emotions In New York City After A Natural Disaster As Seen In Social Media, Oliver Gruebner, Sarah R. Lowe, Martin Sykora, Ketan Shankardass, Sv Subramanian, Sandro Galea
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Disasters have substantial consequences for population mental health. We used Twitter to (1) extract negative emotions indicating discomfort in New York City (NYC) before, during, and after Superstorm Sandy in 2012. We further aimed to (2) identify whether pre- or peri-disaster discomfort were associated with peri- or post-disaster discomfort, respectively, and to (3) assess geographic variation in discomfort across NYC census tracts over time. Our sample consisted of 1,018,140 geo-located tweets that were analyzed with an advanced sentiment analysis called ”Extracting the Meaning Of Terse Information in a Visualization of Emotion” (EMOTIVE). We calculated discomfort rates for 2137 NYC census …
Parent Reports Of Wayfinding By Their Children With Down Syndrome, Jennifer Yang, Gayle G. Faught, Edward C. Merrill
Parent Reports Of Wayfinding By Their Children With Down Syndrome, Jennifer Yang, Gayle G. Faught, Edward C. Merrill
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Background: Navigating the environment, or wayfinding, is integral to independent living. Laboratory studies have consistently indicated an impairment in wayfinding in people with Down syndrome (DS). However, very little is known regarding their real-life wayfinding abilities. Method: Eighty-six parents of children with DS completed an online survey on their children’s wayfinding behaviours and their own feelings and expectations about their children’s wayfinding. Results: Parents reported their children had few wayfinding skills, yet much confidence in their own abilities. Many parents had taught/planned to teach their children wayfinding skills. Parents also expressed concerns over their children’s independent wayfinding. Parents teaching wayfinding …
Hypernasal Speech Is Perceived As More Monotonous Than Typical Speech, Monique Tardif, Larissa Cristina Berti, Viviane Cristina De Castro Marino, Jennifer Pardo, Tim Bressmann
Hypernasal Speech Is Perceived As More Monotonous Than Typical Speech, Monique Tardif, Larissa Cristina Berti, Viviane Cristina De Castro Marino, Jennifer Pardo, Tim Bressmann
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Background/Purpose: Anecdotal clinical reports have stated that hypernasal speech sounds monotonous. However, the relationship between the perception of intonation (i.e., the fundamental frequency variation across an utterance) and hypernasality (excessive nasal resonance during the production of non-nasal sounds) has not been investigated in research. We hypothesized that auditory-perceptual ratings of intonation would be significantly lower for more hypernasal stimuli. Methods: One male and one female voice actor simulated 3 levels of intonation (monotone, normal, and exaggerated) at 4 different levels of hypernasality (normal, mild, moderate, and severe). Thirty participants listened to the simulations and rated the intonation on a visual …
Vortioxetine Differentially Modulates Mk-801-Induced Changes In Visual Signal Detection Task Performance And Locomotor Activity, Todd M. Hillhouse, Christina R. Merritt, Douglas A. Smith, Manuel Cajina, Connie Sanchez, Joseph H. Porter, Alan Pehrson
Vortioxetine Differentially Modulates Mk-801-Induced Changes In Visual Signal Detection Task Performance And Locomotor Activity, Todd M. Hillhouse, Christina R. Merritt, Douglas A. Smith, Manuel Cajina, Connie Sanchez, Joseph H. Porter, Alan Pehrson
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Attention impairment is a common feature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and MDD-associated cognitive dysfunction may play an important role in determining functional status among this patient population. Vortioxetine is a multimodal antidepressant that may improve some aspects of cognitive function in MDD patients, and may indirectly increase glutamate neurotransmission in brain regions classically associated with attention function. Previous non-clinical research suggests that vortioxetine has limited effects on attention. This laboratory previously found that vortioxetine did not improve attention function in animals impaired by acute scopolamine administration, using the visual signal detection task (VSDT). However, vortioxetine has limited effects on …
The Effect Of Wrapper Color On Candy Flavor Expectations And Perceptions, Debra Zellner, Nancy Greene, Monica Jimenez, Arturo Calderon, Yaritza Diaz, Mimi Sheraton
The Effect Of Wrapper Color On Candy Flavor Expectations And Perceptions, Debra Zellner, Nancy Greene, Monica Jimenez, Arturo Calderon, Yaritza Diaz, Mimi Sheraton
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The color of a product's metallic paper wrapper influences the expectations concerning the flavor of the product. These color-induced expectations are consistent with flavors associated with those colors (e.g., cherry-red) but vary somewhat with the product to be wrapped (e.g., a candy or beverage). Beverages wrapped in green were expected to have a lemon/lime flavor while candies wrapped in the same color were expected to have a mint flavor. Although flavor expectations were affected by the wrapper color there was no effect of the color of the wrapper on the identification of the flavor of a plain white spun sugar …
Proportional Reasoning In 5- To 6-Year-Olds, Wei He, Jennifer Yang, Dingguo Gao
Proportional Reasoning In 5- To 6-Year-Olds, Wei He, Jennifer Yang, Dingguo Gao
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
There have been mixed results in studies investigating proportional reasoning in young children. The current study aimed to examine whether providing visual scaling cues and structuring the reasoning process can improve proportional reasoning in 5- to 6-year-old children. In a series of computerized tasks, children compared the sweetness of 2 mixtures. Each mixture was represented by a juice rectangle stacked on top of a water rectangle. Two rectangles shared the same width but were of same or different heights. The mixtures were scaled by either changing their widths or their heights. In Experiment 1, children’s performance was poor when judging …
The Relationship Between In-Session Commitment Language And Daily Self-Reported Commitment To Reduce Or Abstain From Drinking, Alexis Kuerbis, Jessica Houser, Paul Amrhein, Hayley Treloar Padovano, Jon Morgenstern
The Relationship Between In-Session Commitment Language And Daily Self-Reported Commitment To Reduce Or Abstain From Drinking, Alexis Kuerbis, Jessica Houser, Paul Amrhein, Hayley Treloar Padovano, Jon Morgenstern
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Background: Motivational interviewing is hypothesized to operate by enhancing a client's internal motivation to change. Past research operationalizes this process by measuring in-session statements for change (i.e., change talk), yet relationships between change talk and other measures of motivation have yet to be substantiated. This study tested whether in-session change talk predicted subsequent reports of commitment to abstain or moderate drinking assessed via ecological momentary assessment (EMA), and explored each of their contributions to drinking outcomes. Method: Secondary data analysis was performed on data from 48 study participants who received therapy within a randomized controlled trial testing mechanisms of actions …
The Relationships Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior Demands And Extra-Task Behaviors, Jeremy A. Bauer, Natalie A. Wright, Kevin Askew, Paul E. Spector
The Relationships Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior Demands And Extra-Task Behaviors, Jeremy A. Bauer, Natalie A. Wright, Kevin Askew, Paul E. Spector
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The current study investigated the relationship between demands for organizational citizenship behaviors and future displays of organizational citizenship and counterproductive work behaviors. Such demands are conceptualized as organizational constraints, coworker failure, and supervisor pressure to commit organizational citizenship behaviors. The design of the current study is prospective with a week time lag between two self-report surveys. Four hundred sixty-four employed U.S. residents were recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk service. Of the initial 464 participants, 183 also completed the second survey a week later. The evidence from this study suggests that demands for organizational citizenship behaviors are antecedents to future displays …
A Comparison Of Phonetic Convergence In Conversational Interaction And Speech Shadowing, Jennifer Pardo, Adelya Urmanche, Sherilyn Wilman-Depena, Jaclyn Wiener, Nicholas Mason, Keagan Francis, Melanie Ward
A Comparison Of Phonetic Convergence In Conversational Interaction And Speech Shadowing, Jennifer Pardo, Adelya Urmanche, Sherilyn Wilman-Depena, Jaclyn Wiener, Nicholas Mason, Keagan Francis, Melanie Ward
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Phonetic convergence is a form of variation in speech production in which a talker adopts aspects of another talker's acoustic–phonetic repertoire. To date, this phenomenon has been investigated in non-interactive laboratory tasks extensively and in conversational interaction to a lesser degree. The present study directly compares phonetic convergence in conversational interaction and in a non-interactive speech shadowing task among a large set of talkers who completed both tasks, using a holistic AXB perceptual similarity measure. Phonetic convergence occurred in a new role-neutral conversational task, exhibiting a subtle effect with high variability across talkers that is typical of findings reported in …
The Multimodal Antidepressant Vortioxetine May Facilitate Pyramidal Cell Firing By Inhibition Of 5-Ht3 Receptor Expressing Interneurons: An In Vitro Study In Rat Hippocampus Slices, Elena Dale, Morten Grunnet, Alan Pehrson, Kristen Frederiksen, Peter H. Larsen, Jacob Nielsen, Tine B. Stensbøl, Bjarke Ebert, Haolan Yin, Dunguo Lu, Huiquing Liu, Thomas N. Jensen, Charles R. Yang, Connie Sanchez
The Multimodal Antidepressant Vortioxetine May Facilitate Pyramidal Cell Firing By Inhibition Of 5-Ht3 Receptor Expressing Interneurons: An In Vitro Study In Rat Hippocampus Slices, Elena Dale, Morten Grunnet, Alan Pehrson, Kristen Frederiksen, Peter H. Larsen, Jacob Nielsen, Tine B. Stensbøl, Bjarke Ebert, Haolan Yin, Dunguo Lu, Huiquing Liu, Thomas N. Jensen, Charles R. Yang, Connie Sanchez
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine is thought to mediate its pharmacological effects via 5-HT 1A receptor agonism, 5-HT 1B receptor partial agonism, 5-HT 1D , 5-HT 3 , 5-HT 7 receptor antagonism and 5-HT transporter inhibition. Here we studied vortioxetine's functional effects across species (canine, mouse, rat, guinea pig and human) in cellular assays with heterologous expression of 5-HT 3A receptors (in Xenopus oocytes and HEK-293 cells) and in mouse neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells with endogenous expression of 5-HT 3A receptors. Furthermore, we studied the effects of vortioxetine on activity of CA1 Stratum Radiatum interneurons in rat hippocampus slices using current- and …
Using Electronic Health Record Alerts To Increase Safety Planning With Youth At-Risk For Suicide: A Non-Randomized Trial, Jazmin Reyes-Portillo, Erica M. Chin, Josefina Toso-Salman, J. Blake Turner, David Vawdrey, Laura Mufson
Using Electronic Health Record Alerts To Increase Safety Planning With Youth At-Risk For Suicide: A Non-Randomized Trial, Jazmin Reyes-Portillo, Erica M. Chin, Josefina Toso-Salman, J. Blake Turner, David Vawdrey, Laura Mufson
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Background: No study to date has examined the effectiveness of integrating clinical decision support tools, like electronic health record (EHR) alerts, into the clinical care of youth at-risk for suicide. Objective: This study aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of using an EHR alert to increase clinicians’ use of safety planning with youth at-risk for suicide in an outpatient pediatric psychiatry clinic serving an urban low-income Latino community. Methods: An alert intervention was developed to remind clinicians to complete a safety plan whenever they documented that their patient endorsed suicidal ideation, plan, or attempt during a visit in EHR …
Dark-Side Personality Trait Interactions: Amplifying Negative Predictions Of Leadership Performance, Daniel Simonet, Robert P. Tett, Jeff Foster, Anastasia I. Angelback, Jennifer M. Bartlett
Dark-Side Personality Trait Interactions: Amplifying Negative Predictions Of Leadership Performance, Daniel Simonet, Robert P. Tett, Jeff Foster, Anastasia I. Angelback, Jennifer M. Bartlett
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Drawing on trait interaction theory and personality disorder subtypes, we examined narcissism-by-trait interactions (e.g., narcissism × antisocial tendencies) for predicting leadership performance in four independent archival samples (Ns = 285, 120, 106, 559). This study extends research on multiplicative effects of normative leader characteristics to consider how narcissism becomes particularly disruptive when combined with other extreme interpersonal tendencies. Moderated multiple regression results show interactions involving selected trait pairs varied across samples. Pooled analyses showed (a) differential generalizability across trait pairings and (b) that lower tiered managerial roles and weaker industrial contexts may release such effects. Inconsistencies suggest the need to …
Stigma Associated With Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia In Women’S Sexual Lives, Heino F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg, Jananne Khuri, Jazmin Reyes-Portillo, Anke A. Ehrhardt, Maria I. New
Stigma Associated With Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia In Women’S Sexual Lives, Heino F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg, Jananne Khuri, Jazmin Reyes-Portillo, Anke A. Ehrhardt, Maria I. New
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The risk of intersex-related stigma often serves as social indication for “corrective” genital surgery, but has not been comprehensively documented. In preparation for the development of an intersex-specific stigma assessment tool, this qualitative project aimed to explore stigma in girls and women with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. As part of a comprehensive follow-up project, 62 adult women with classical CAH (age range 18–51 years) took part in an open-ended retrospective interview focusing on the impact of CAH and its treatment on various aspects of girls’ and women’s lives. Deductive qualitative content analysis (Patton, 2014) of …
Assessment Of The Relationship Between A Written Measure Of Empathy And An Independently Rated Interview Of Motivational Interviewing, Jennifer L. Smith, P. Bertone, Kenneth M. Carpenter, R. Morgan Wain, Mei Chen Hu, Paul Amrhein, Edward V. Nunes
Assessment Of The Relationship Between A Written Measure Of Empathy And An Independently Rated Interview Of Motivational Interviewing, Jennifer L. Smith, P. Bertone, Kenneth M. Carpenter, R. Morgan Wain, Mei Chen Hu, Paul Amrhein, Edward V. Nunes
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based practice shown to be effective when working with people in treatment for substance use disorders. However, MI is a complex treatment modality optimized by training with feedback. Feedback, assessment and monitoring of treatment fidelity require measurement, which is typically done using audiotaped sessions. The gold standard for such measurement of MI skill has been an audiotaped interview, scored by a rater with a detailed structured instrument such as the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity 2.0 (MITI 2.0) Coding System (Moyers, et al., 2005). The Helpful Responses Questionnaire (HRQ) (Miller, Hedrick, & Orlofsky, 1991) is a …
Stage Salience And Situational Likelihood In The Formation Of Situation Models During Sentence Comprehension, David Townsend
Stage Salience And Situational Likelihood In The Formation Of Situation Models During Sentence Comprehension, David Townsend
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Two experiments examined the relation between event structure, situational likelihood and eye fixation time while reading predicate modifiers in isolated sentences. Experiment 1 used activity predicates and preparatory process predicates (climbed a mountain), which make salient the process that leads to a culmination. Preparatory process predicates increased first pass time on durative modifiers (for several years) and decreased total time on frequency modifiers (e.g., every year). Situational likelihood was associated with fixation times on frame modifiers (last year) but not with fixation times on durative or frequency modifiers. Experiment 2 used activity predicates and result state predicates (halted a class), …
The Impact Of Moving Entities On Wayfinding Performance, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill, Trent Robinson, Qi Wang
The Impact Of Moving Entities On Wayfinding Performance, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill, Trent Robinson, Qi Wang
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Wayfinding requires monitoring movements in the environment, in addition to identifying stable landmarks. The current study investigated how moving entities impact wayfinding. Experiment 1 evaluated the effects of moving entities that were presented during the acquisition but not during retrieval. Experiment 2 examined the effect of presenting moving entities during retrieval that were not presented during initial learning. Experiments 3 and 4 examined whether movement per se or attention directed to movement accounted for the effects of moving entities. We found that moving entities disrupted wayfinding more if they were presented during the acquisition stage and removed during retrieval. No …
Poor Encoding And Weak Early Consolidation Underlie Memory Acquisition Deficits In Multiple Sclerosis: Retroactive Interference, Processing Speed, Or Working Memory?, Joshua Sandry, Mark Zuppichini, Jessica Rothberg, Zerbrina Valdespino-Hayden, John Deluca
Poor Encoding And Weak Early Consolidation Underlie Memory Acquisition Deficits In Multiple Sclerosis: Retroactive Interference, Processing Speed, Or Working Memory?, Joshua Sandry, Mark Zuppichini, Jessica Rothberg, Zerbrina Valdespino-Hayden, John Deluca
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Objective: Learning and memory impairments are common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and may be related to difficulty acquiring (encoding or consolidating) new information. We evaluate the role of retroactive interference and investigate whether minimizing interference immediately following encoding (early during consolidation) will improve MS participants' ability to remember new verbal information. Additionally, we investigate processing speed differences between memory-impaired and unimpaired participants and present an exploratory analysis of how the dual-components of working memory (capacity vs. processing) relate to memory impairment. Method: MS memory-unimpaired (N = 12) and MS memory-impaired participants (N = 12) were compared to healthy controls (N …
Early Intervention Aba For Toddlers With Asd: Effect Of Age And Amount, Peter Vietze, Leah Esther Lax
Early Intervention Aba For Toddlers With Asd: Effect Of Age And Amount, Peter Vietze, Leah Esther Lax
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability manifested early in life. About 26–40% of young children with ASD have intellectual disability (ID). Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) has been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms of ASD and improving cognitive and language function. The purpose of this study was to examine the optimal age, number of treatment hours and domains, for which ABA was effective in a community based early intervention program. An ABA program was implemented with 106 toddlers under 40 months, many of whom were from immigrant families with limited English proficiency. Bayley Scales, VBMAPP and CARS-2 …
Vortioxetine Improves Context Discrimination In Mice Through A Neurogenesis Independent Mechanism, Daniela Felice, Jean Philippe Guilloux, Alan Pehrson, Yan Li, Indira Mendez-David, Alain M. Gardier, Connie Sanchez, Denis J. David
Vortioxetine Improves Context Discrimination In Mice Through A Neurogenesis Independent Mechanism, Daniela Felice, Jean Philippe Guilloux, Alan Pehrson, Yan Li, Indira Mendez-David, Alain M. Gardier, Connie Sanchez, Denis J. David
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Major Depressive Disorders (MDD) patients may exhibit cognitive deficits and it is currently unclear to which degree treatment with antidepressants may affect cognitive function. Preclinical and clinical observations showed that vortioxetine (VORT, an antidepressant with multimodal activity), presents beneficial effects on aspects of cognitive function. In addition, VORT treatment increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in rodents, a candidate mechanism for antidepressant activity. Pattern separation (PS) is the ability to discriminate between two similar contexts/events generating two distinct and non-overlapping representations. Impaired PS may lead to overgeneralization and anxiety disorders. If PS impairments were described in depressed patients, the consequences of …
Vortioxetine Treatment Reverses Subchronic Pcp Treatment-Induced Cognitive Impairments: A Potential Role For Serotonin Receptor-Mediated Regulation Of Gaba Neurotransmission, Alan Pehrson, Christian S. Pedersen, Kirstine Sloth Tølbøl, Connie Sanchez
Vortioxetine Treatment Reverses Subchronic Pcp Treatment-Induced Cognitive Impairments: A Potential Role For Serotonin Receptor-Mediated Regulation Of Gaba Neurotransmission, Alan Pehrson, Christian S. Pedersen, Kirstine Sloth Tølbøl, Connie Sanchez
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cognitive impairments that may contribute to poor functional outcomes. Clinical data suggests that the multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine attenuates some cognitive impairments in MDD patients, but the mechanistic basis for these improvements is unclear. One theory suggests that vortioxetine improves cognition by suppressing γ-amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission, thereby increasing glutamatergic activation. Vortioxetine's effects on cognition, GABA and glutamate neurotransmission have been supported in separate experiments, but no empirical work has directly connected vortioxetine's cognitive effects to those on GABA and glutamate neurotransmission. In this paper, we attempt to bridge this gap by evaluating …
Effects Of Vortioxetine On Biomarkers Associated With Glutamatergic Activity In An Ssri Insensitive Model Of Depression In Female Rats, N. Hlavacova, Y. Li, Alan Pehrson, Connie Sanchez, Isabel Bermudez-Diaz, Agnesa Csanova, Daniela Jezova, Michael Franklin
Effects Of Vortioxetine On Biomarkers Associated With Glutamatergic Activity In An Ssri Insensitive Model Of Depression In Female Rats, N. Hlavacova, Y. Li, Alan Pehrson, Connie Sanchez, Isabel Bermudez-Diaz, Agnesa Csanova, Daniela Jezova, Michael Franklin
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant activity of vortioxetine in a tryptophan (TRP) depletion female rat model of depression and compare it to that of paroxetine using doses that fully occupy the serotonin transporter (SERT). We evaluated the effects of vortioxetine on potential biomarkers associated with TRP depletion including serum aldosterone, corticosterone and IL-6 levels together with indirect indicators of glutamate neurotransmission. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to control, low TRP, low TRP/paroxetine or low TRP/vortioxetine groups. Vortioxetine and paroxetine were administered via diet (10 mg/kg/day) and drinking water (10 mg/kg/day) respectively for 14 days. Vortioxetine …
Implicit Memory Of Locations And Identities: A Developmental Study, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill
Implicit Memory Of Locations And Identities: A Developmental Study, Jennifer Yang, Edward C. Merrill
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Objects in the environment have both location and identity properties. However, it is unclear how these independent properties are processed and combined in the implicit domain. The current study investigated the development of the implicit memory of object locations and object identities, both independently and combined, and the relation between implicit memory and working memory (WM) for these properties. Three age groups participated: 6- and 7-year-old children, 9- and 10-year-old children, and adults. Children and adults completed a repeated search paradigm. In the learning phase, targets’ locations were consistently predicted by both the identities and locations of the distracters. In …
Findings Of An Effect Of Gender, But Not Handedness, On Self-Reported Motion Sickness Propensity, Ruth E. Propper, Frederick Bonato, Leanna Ward, Kenneth Sumner
Findings Of An Effect Of Gender, But Not Handedness, On Self-Reported Motion Sickness Propensity, Ruth E. Propper, Frederick Bonato, Leanna Ward, Kenneth Sumner
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Discrepant input from vestibular and visual systems may be involved in motion sickness; individual differences in the organization of these systems may, therefore, give rise to individual differences in propensity to motion sickness. Non-right-handedness has been associated with altered cortical lateralization of vestibular function, such that non-right-handedness is associated with left hemisphere, and right-handedness with right hemisphere, lateralized, vestibular system. Interestingly, magnocellular visual processing, responsible for motion detection and ostensibly involved in motion sickness, has been shown to be decreased in non-right-handers. It is not known if the anomalous organization of the vestibular or magnocellular systems in non-right-handers might alter …
Short-Term Perceptual Tuning To Talker Characteristics, Robert E. Remez, Emily F. Thomas, Aislinn T. Crank, Katrina B. Kostro, Chloe B. Cheimets, Jennifer Pardo
Short-Term Perceptual Tuning To Talker Characteristics, Robert E. Remez, Emily F. Thomas, Aislinn T. Crank, Katrina B. Kostro, Chloe B. Cheimets, Jennifer Pardo
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
When a listener encounters an unfamiliar talker, the ensuing perceptual accommodation to the unique characteristics of the talker has two aspects: (1) the listener assesses acoustic characteristics of speech to resolve the properties of the talker’s sound production; and, (2) the listener appraises the talker’s idiolect, subphonemic phonetic properties that compose the finest grain of linguistic production. A new study controlled a listener’s exposure to determine whether the perceptual benefit rests on specific segmental experience. Effects of sentence exposure were measured using a spoken word identification task of Easy words (likely words drawn from sparse neighbourhoods of less likely words) …
A Paradigm For Understanding Trust And Mistrust In Medical Research: The Community Voices Study, Margaret Smirnoff, Ilene Wilets, Deborah Ragin, R. Adams, Jennifer Holohan, Rosamond Rhodes, Gary Winkel, Edmund M. Ricci, Cindy F. Clesca, Lynne D. Richardson
A Paradigm For Understanding Trust And Mistrust In Medical Research: The Community Voices Study, Margaret Smirnoff, Ilene Wilets, Deborah Ragin, R. Adams, Jennifer Holohan, Rosamond Rhodes, Gary Winkel, Edmund M. Ricci, Cindy F. Clesca, Lynne D. Richardson
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Background: To promote justice in research practice and rectify health disparities, greater diversity in research participation is needed. Lack of trust in medical research is one of the most significant obstacles to research participation. Multiple variables have been identified as factors associated with research participant trust/mistrust. A conceptual model that provides meaningful insight into the interplay of factors impacting trust may promote more ethical research practice and provide an enhanced, actionable understanding of participant mistrust. Methods: A structured survey was developed to capture attitudes toward research conducted in emergency situations; this article focuses on items designed to assess respondents' level …
A Minimal Ingroup Advantage In Emotion Identification Confidence, Steven G. Young, John Paul Wilson
A Minimal Ingroup Advantage In Emotion Identification Confidence, Steven G. Young, John Paul Wilson
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Emotion expressions convey valuable information about others’ internal states and likely behaviours. Accurately identifying expressions is critical for social interactions, but so is perceiver confidence when decoding expressions. Even if a perceiver correctly labels an expression, uncertainty may impair appropriate behavioural responses and create uncomfortable interactions. Past research has found that perceivers report greater confidence when identifying emotions displayed by cultural ingroup members, an effect attributed to greater perceptual skill and familiarity with own-culture than other-culture faces. However, the current research presents novel evidence for an ingroup advantage in emotion decoding confidence across arbitrary group boundaries that hold culture constant. …
Acute Effects Of Vortioxetine And Duloxetine On Resting-State Functional Connectivity In The Awake Rat, Pablo D. Pérez, Zhiwei Ma, Christina Hamilton, Connie Sánchez, Arne Mørk, Alan Pehrson, Christoffer Bundgaard, Nanyin Zhang
Acute Effects Of Vortioxetine And Duloxetine On Resting-State Functional Connectivity In The Awake Rat, Pablo D. Pérez, Zhiwei Ma, Christina Hamilton, Connie Sánchez, Arne Mørk, Alan Pehrson, Christoffer Bundgaard, Nanyin Zhang
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The antidepressant vortioxetine exerts its effects via modulation of several serotonin (5-HT) receptors and inhibition of the 5-HT transporter (SERT). Additionally, vortioxetine has beneficial effects on aspects of cognitive dysfunction in depressed patients. However, a global examination of the drug effect on brain network connectivity is still missing. Here we compared the effects of vortioxetine and a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, duloxetine, on resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) across the whole brain in awake rats using a combination of pharmacological and awake animal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) techniques. Our data showed that vortioxetine and duloxetine affected different inter-areal connections …