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Articles 1 - 30 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Healing Landscapes Of Usu: Discovering Spaces Of Potential Mental Restorativeness: A Geospatial Analysis Of Usu Campus, Amelia H. Wilcken
The Healing Landscapes Of Usu: Discovering Spaces Of Potential Mental Restorativeness: A Geospatial Analysis Of Usu Campus, Amelia H. Wilcken
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
This project focuses on understanding an alternative resource that can be intentionally improved upon to help address the mental health crisis on university campuses. With ample research showing how nature and being outside can help improve, or be restorative for, the mental state of individuals, this project developed an analytical method for understanding the restorative potential within the campus landscape as a whole and within districts. The analysis uses nine separate elements that make up the campus landscape: (1) trees, (2) landscape plantings (grass, planters, etc.), (3) art pieces, (4) benches, (5) water features, (6) sidewalks, (7) roads, (8) parking …
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Behavioral Skills Training On A Mindfulness-Based Protocol, Chealsy Darby
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Behavioral Skills Training On A Mindfulness-Based Protocol, Chealsy Darby
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
This evaluation examined the effects of behavioral skills training on the correct implementation of a mindfulness-based protocol by direct support staff who provide services to adults with intellectual disabilities in a community, residential setting. Participants included two direct support staff who provide services to two different adults with intellectual disabilities who have a mindfulness-based protocol as an intervention for problem behavior described in their behavior support plan. The participants were exposed to a behavioral skills training package and were required to demonstrate mastery criteria of the mindfulness-based protocol as part of their regular job duties. The results of this evaluation …
The Union Of Opposites: Carl Jung, Folklore, And The Caduceus And Ouroboros In Alchemy, Jack Daly
The Union Of Opposites: Carl Jung, Folklore, And The Caduceus And Ouroboros In Alchemy, Jack Daly
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
This thesis advocates for the use of Carl Jung’s psychoanalytic theory in folkloristics by examining the role of the caduceus and the ouroboros in alchemy as a case study. Although a Jungian lens has not been widely accepted by folklorists, it can and should be applied to folklore, particularly in the context of binary oppositions. Folklorists such as Alan Dundes have been harshly critical of this perspective. However, Dundes also stressed the importance of binaries in folklore. Furthermore, Dundes championed the theory of symbolic equivalences, and in my paper I argue that the caduceus and the ouroboros are examples of …
Using Video Modeling To Teach Staff How To Implement Preference Assessments, Megan Weaver
Using Video Modeling To Teach Staff How To Implement Preference Assessments, Megan Weaver
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Identification of reinforcers through preference assessments for individuals with disabilities is an important task because it increases the probability of skill development, including academic tasks, self-help skills, social skills, and behavior modification. Teachers of students with disabilities often experience problems with training paraprofessionals to implement preference assessments using written instructions alone. In this study, researchers will investigate whether video modeling will be more effective than written instruction to staff to implement preference assessments. Participants will include three to five paraprofessionals in a classroom setting with no previous behavior analysis training on preference assessments and three to five students in a …
“Get Tough!”: A Case Study On The Development Of The Sport Ethic In Youth Lacrosse, Ross Budziszewski
“Get Tough!”: A Case Study On The Development Of The Sport Ethic In Youth Lacrosse, Ross Budziszewski
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
While participation in youth sport is often linked with positive psychosocial and physical outcomes (Holt et al., 2017), this context can also cultivate ideals that lead to the development of unethical beliefs as well as unsafe sport practices (Al-Yaarbi & Kavussanu, 2017). The sport ethic is described as the deviant overconformity by an athlete to fit societal expectations of a sport’s high-performance culture (Hughes & Coakley, 1991). Strong beliefs in the sport ethic can lead to moral disengagement, antisocial behavior, and viewing sport like warfare (Shields, Funk, & Bredemeier, 2015). Although the sport ethic has been examined in competitive adult …
Examining Quadratic Relationships Between Traits And Methods In Two Multitrait-Multimethod Models, Fredric A. Hintz
Examining Quadratic Relationships Between Traits And Methods In Two Multitrait-Multimethod Models, Fredric A. Hintz
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Psychological researchers are interested in the validity of the measures they use, and the multitrait-multimethod design is one of the most frequently employed methods to examine validity. Confirmatory factor analysis is now a commonly used analytic tool for examining multitrait-multimethod data, where an underlying mathematical model is fit to data and the amount of variance due to the trait and method factors is estimated. While most contemporary confirmatory factor analysis methods for examining multi-trait multi-method data do not allow relationships between the trait and method factors, a few recently proposed models allow for the examination of linear relationships between traits …
Participation In Dual Language Immersion Programs: Using Theory Of Planned Behavior To Explore Enrollment Factors, Andrea Call
Participation In Dual Language Immersion Programs: Using Theory Of Planned Behavior To Explore Enrollment Factors, Andrea Call
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The theory of planned behavior is used to explain and predict human behavior in a variety of situations. The theory proposes that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influence behavioral intention, which then influences behavior (Ajzen, 1991). Research has found that this model is useful in education for predicting teacher behavior in instruction, student participation in coursework, and parental involvement in education (Bracke & Corts, 2012; Campbell, 2010; Cheng & Chu, 2014; Lee et al., 2010). Dual Language Immersion consists of two languages being used for instruction in the same classroom (Alanis & Rodriguez, 2008). The goals of such …
Relations Between Teachers' Implicit Theories Of Intelligence, Standardized Achievement Testing, And Classroom Goals, Sydnie W. Ringle
Relations Between Teachers' Implicit Theories Of Intelligence, Standardized Achievement Testing, And Classroom Goals, Sydnie W. Ringle
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
An achievement gap between ethnic minorities and whites continues to exist within the US, as well as between the US and varying countries (Peterson, Woessmann, Hanushek, & Lastra-Anadon, 2011). Research has identified several factors that contribute to this gap, such as differences in curricula across countries, teacher quality, and school funding. In addition to these factors, teachers’ implicit theories of intelligence may also contribute to the achievement gap. Whether teachers view intelligence as fixed (entity theory) or malleable (incremental theory) can impact instructional practices, specifically the use of performance and learning goals. Performance goals focus on evaluation, ability, and performance …
The Definition, Identification, And Cause Of Specific Learning Disabilities: A Literature Review, Joseph M. Cottrell
The Definition, Identification, And Cause Of Specific Learning Disabilities: A Literature Review, Joseph M. Cottrell
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Students with specific learning disabilities (SLDs) currently make up approximately 40% of students receiving special education. The definition of SLD has not changed since the original special education law was implemented in 1975. Even with the recent changes to special education law in 2004, the definition stayed the same. Some professionals believe this lack of change reveals consistency while other scholars believe this lack of change reveals a lack of knowledge about what SLDs really are. The definition of SLD gives little insight regarding the etiology of the disorder. There are three prominent theories regarding the cause of SLDs: (a) …
A Synthesis Of Math Interventions For Elementary Students, Stephanie Toone
A Synthesis Of Math Interventions For Elementary Students, Stephanie Toone
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
One major concern when developing a Response to Intervention (RTI) multi-tier program is the procedural elements required to ensure effective instruction. Ten studies were reviewed to gain an understanding of the components that result in positive RTI outcomes in mathematics. Elements analyzed included RTI program procedures , tier administration and tier outcomes . Results suggest that several empirically-based math interventions are being used in RTI programs in the literature and the researchers are implementing options as part of the Classwide , Tier 2 and Tier 3 instructional programs. Intervention progress is monitored primarily using Curriculum Based Measurement procedures to evaluate …
The Male Gender Role And Depression, Tom Liljegren
The Male Gender Role And Depression, Tom Liljegren
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Although depression is a common mental health disorder, less research has been devoted to men's experience with depression compared to women's experiences. Although men may exhibit similar patterns of depression as women, men often have unique pattern of exhibiting depression characterized by substance abuse, irritability, aggression, and interpersonal conflict. The paper presents a review of the relevant literature on male depression and, in particular, how it is potentially affected by male gender role factors. Biological, psychological, social, and artifact theories have been proposed to explain gender differences in how depression is expressed. It is hypothesized that the male gender role …
Peer Observation Methods To Estimate Classroom Behavior, John Hughes
Peer Observation Methods To Estimate Classroom Behavior, John Hughes
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
School behavior observations are a data collection tool that allows systematic observation and coding of a student's behavior. They are typically used to determine the degree that behavior affects academic learning. Behavior observations are a widely used and important part of a school evaluation. Observations are required by law for some special education evaluations (IDEIA , 2004) and are a common form of assessment tool used by school psychologists (Shapiro ~ Heick , 2004; Wilson & Reschly, 1996)
Teacher Treatment Integrity In School Based Interventions, Gregory A. Simpson
Teacher Treatment Integrity In School Based Interventions, Gregory A. Simpson
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Identifying effective treatments to address undesirable behaviors is one major goal of research in changing human behavior. Researchers want to demonstrate that it is indeed the treatment that is effecting a change in the target behavior and not some extraneous influence. When researchers examine the effectiveness of an intervention the treatment is implemented with the attempt to decrease the influence of other factors that may explain behavior change that occurs in hopes to see the desired effect of the independent variable (treatment) on the dependent variable (behavior). For this type of research, it is important to keep all variables except …
A Synthesis Of Empirically Supported Classwide Interventions: Matching Interventions To Common Functions Of Classroom Behavior Problems, Bethanie Monsen-Ford
A Synthesis Of Empirically Supported Classwide Interventions: Matching Interventions To Common Functions Of Classroom Behavior Problems, Bethanie Monsen-Ford
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The most common forms of intervention for behavioral concerns of students in the school setting are schoolwide positive behavior support (PBS) systems and individualized interventions based upon functional behavior assessment (FBA). Research has shown positive outcomes for both schoolwide PBS systems and individual interventions utilizing FBA. However, less research has been done with classwide behavior interventions. A review of the literature was conducted to indentify classwide behavior interventions conducted in a regular education classroom with primarily regular education students. Studies identified to meet inclusion criteria were assessed to determine the possible function or combination of functions served. Twenty-one studies were …
A Synthesis Of The Literature On Reading Interventions To Improve Oral Reading Rates, Kelley Douglass
A Synthesis Of The Literature On Reading Interventions To Improve Oral Reading Rates, Kelley Douglass
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The traditional model of identification and eligibility assessment in Special Education often is to refer-test-place, which is based on a "wait to fail" procedure. Research has shown positive outcomes for the use of a Response to Intervention (RTI) model of assessment as an alternative method of learning disability identification. However, challenges exist in the selection of high-quality, research-based, effective interventions. A review of the literature was conducted to identify reading intervention options based on Curriculum-Based Measurement outcomes that may be selected for RTI use within the model and the potential barriers of their use. Twenty-one studies were identified examining 31 …
Representation Of English Language Learners In Special Education: An Overview, Rachel M. Morley
Representation Of English Language Learners In Special Education: An Overview, Rachel M. Morley
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Possible misrepresentation of English Language Learners (ELLs) in special education is a concern for many school districts across the U.S. This paper discusses language and cultural factors that affect assessment and classification of ELL students, focusing on classifications of Learning Disability (LD) and Mental Retardation (MR). Empirical studies and review articles regarding representation of ELLs in special education are summarized. Methods of avoiding inappropriate placement are presented, and implications for school psychologists are discussed.
Examination Of The Issues And Scientific Evidence For The Identification Process Of Deaf And Hard Of Hearing Individuals With Learning Disabilities To Enhance Academic Outcomes, Scot Ferre
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Although the identification of learning disabilities (LD) is a viable means to provide appropriate
instructional and support services for students with academic difficulties, there is a limited
knowledge base about the identification, assessment, and intervention of and for LD in deaf and
hard of hearing (D/HH) students. Given the potential consequences of test results, this review
examined current and recent developments in the field of learning disabilities concerning the
conceptualization of learning disability and the validity and empirical support of earlier
identification methods and various assessment identification options with D/HH students.
Challenges to the process and the need for additional …
Cognitive Assessment Of School Age Spanish Speaking English Language Learners, Casey Johnson
Cognitive Assessment Of School Age Spanish Speaking English Language Learners, Casey Johnson
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The number of students who speak a language other that English in schools across the U.S. is rapidly increasing. The Spanish speaking student population, in particular, has grown considerably in recent years. One way to examine the extent of this growth is to consider demographic data at the national and state levels.
Parent Training Programs, Values, And Related Issues Concerning The Culturally Diverse, Raina Ilen Jones
Parent Training Programs, Values, And Related Issues Concerning The Culturally Diverse, Raina Ilen Jones
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Few parent training programs that address the improvement of coercive or negative parent-child interactions in culturally diverse populations exist in the literature; of the few that do exist, there is sparse empirical information on program effectiveness. Because parent training is an effective way to address parent-child interaction, parent training programs are discussed in the context of the values of African Americans, Asian Americans, Caucasian Americans, Latino Americans, and Native Americans. A review of the literature on values and culturally-specific and culturally adapted parenting programs was conducted as was a review of programs that have been modified for culturally diverse groups. …
A Review Of School-Based Interventions For Children And Adolescents Who Suffer From Depressive Symptoms, Sherry L. Hlavaty
A Review Of School-Based Interventions For Children And Adolescents Who Suffer From Depressive Symptoms, Sherry L. Hlavaty
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
This paper provides a brief review of childhood and adolescent depressive disorders and the importance of treating such symptoms within a school setting. The purpose of this paper was to examine published studies that were conducted in schools and were designed to treat symptoms of depression in children and adolescents. Active treatments utilized in this review were shown to be effective in reducing symptoms of depression. Most active treatment conditions involved intervention components that are commonly used in conjunction with typical cognitive-behavioral therapies . Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of specific programs and program components. Implications of …
Review Of Social Competency Training For Pre-School And Elementary School Age Students At Risk For Developing Or Classified With Emotional/Behavioral Disorders, Cristine C. Sosa
Review Of Social Competency Training For Pre-School And Elementary School Age Students At Risk For Developing Or Classified With Emotional/Behavioral Disorders, Cristine C. Sosa
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Social competency training is a common intervention for students at risk for developing or classified with emotional/behavioral disorders. However, a review of research indicated that it is only mildly effective in producing significant outcomes for these students. A number of factors have been identified as possibly impacting the success of social competency training, including: the intervention setting, the timing of intervention, characteristics of participants, characteristics of interventions and the outcome measurements ~d. A review of literature was conducted to evaluate these factors. Findings of the review indicate that there are not significant differences between interventions conducted in regular education and …
Brain Injury In Children: Assessment And School-Based Interventions, Deanne Smith
Brain Injury In Children: Assessment And School-Based Interventions, Deanne Smith
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
A traumatic brain injury is an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment that adversely affects a child's educational performance. It is considered the leading cause of mortality and disability among children with estimates of over one million occurrences each year. The 1990 revision of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act included Traumatic Brain Injury as a special education diagnostic category. Although this allowed students greater access to appropriate services, it pointed out the need for additional knowledge and training for educators working with this population. …
Parents Of Children With Severe Disabilities: Parental Stress, Depression, And The Marital Relationship, Melinda W. Christensen
Parents Of Children With Severe Disabilities: Parental Stress, Depression, And The Marital Relationship, Melinda W. Christensen
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
This paper provides an overview of parental stress and depression in families with children diagnosed with severe cognitive disabilities. Previous research on parents with children with disabilities was reviewed. Studies were selected from peer-reviewed journal articles that specifically included children with an IQ below 70 or a noted cognitive impairment of a severe degree. Children in the study had to be living at home and below the age of 21. Significant levels of stress and depression were not found consistently in the studies reviewed. Parents of children with disabilities did report levels of stress and depression above the control groups …
Research Treatments For Self Injurious Behavior With Unclear Or Automatically Reinforced Causes And Their Correlation To Least Restrictive Behavioral Interventions, Valarie Blamires
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Self injurious behavior (SIB) is one of the most perplexing and frightening behaviors exhibited by some students. SIB is defined as behavior wherein the individual is engaging in repetitive or stereotypical behaviors that may and in some cases does result in physical harm to the individual (Jacob-Timm, 1996). The behaviors are displayed in a variety of topographies. They can range from fingernail picking to head banging, and can be so destructive that the student can cause severe injury to themselves or even death. Individuals who display this type of behavior also display a variety of medical and clinical diagnosis which …
Exploring The Effectiveness Of Self-Management Programs For Students With Disruptive Behaviors: A Comprehensive Literature Review, Heidi Kupiec
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Disruptive behaviors exhibited by children and youth pose a major problem for students exhibiting the behaviors, their peers, parents, and teachers. Disruptive behaviors including shouting, aggression, off-task behaviors, and noncompliance, correlate with poor social skills, low peer acceptance, higher rates of academic deficiencies, and in adulthood instability in relationships and employment. Self-management programs employ traditional behavior management methods and with self-management components to teach students to self-monitor or evaluate their behavior. By teaching students to be aware of and to manage their own behavior students may be better able to generalize appropriate behaviors to other less supervised settings, complete more …
A Review Of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Interventions Used With School-Aged Children And Adolescents, Christopher Laypath
A Review Of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Interventions Used With School-Aged Children And Adolescents, Christopher Laypath
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) techniques have been used since the early
twentieth century as a means of inducing relaxation and decreasing muscle tension.
However, only in the last twenty five years have systematic studies of these techniques to
treat children and adolescents appeared with any regularity in the research literature.
The last major review of the literature was published in 1989. The purpose of this
paper was to examine studies published since the last review of the literature. A special
emphasis was placed on studies set in schools or that were relevant to mental health
professionals in those settings. The …
School-Based Primary Prevention Of Internalizing Disorders, Carol M. Moore
School-Based Primary Prevention Of Internalizing Disorders, Carol M. Moore
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
This paper provides an overview of childhood internalizing disorders, including the symptomatology, prevalence rates, comorbidity of other psychopathologies, correlated factors, treatment, and prognosis. Previous research in the area of primary and secondary prevention of depression and anxiety is reviewed, and the need for school-based prevention programs discussed. Several curricular and comprehensive elementary-level programs that are currently available and supported by research are reviewed to highlight their efficacy, theoretical rationale, targeted risk factors, and implementation concerns. Conclusions and recommendations for implementation and future research are presented.
Is It Time For Cooperative Learning To Enter American Classrooms?, Donna Sewell
Is It Time For Cooperative Learning To Enter American Classrooms?, Donna Sewell
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Education's raison d'etre is to prepare students with the skills necessary for a productive and happy life within society. The fact that many educational institutions are experiencing a disconcerting number of students dropping out of school (and sometimes life itself) may be an indicator that this preparation is less than adequate in meeting their needs. In fact, the needs of a high school graduate today are so different and far-reaching than what they were 30-50 years ago, it will be easier to group them according to a change in economics, transformed demographics and changes in social situations and practices. Each …
The Relationship Of Human Psychological Characteristics With Athletic Performance, Grant P. Murray
The Relationship Of Human Psychological Characteristics With Athletic Performance, Grant P. Murray
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of a literature review summary on the topic of the relationship of human psychological characteristics with athletic performance. Two research questions guided its development: (1) Is there any evidence that there is a relationship between individual human psychological characteristics and athletic performance? (2) If there is any evidence that there is a relationship between individual human psychological characteristics and athletic performance, is there further evidence that those individual characteristics translate in some way into group dynamics or attributes that may similarly influence team performance?
Adolescent Suicide: A Review Of School-Based Suicide Prevention In Middle And High School Settings, Stephanie Anne Alberico
Adolescent Suicide: A Review Of School-Based Suicide Prevention In Middle And High School Settings, Stephanie Anne Alberico
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Suicide has been named a leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year-olds and it is evident that this public health concern warrants specific attention. The purpose of this paper was to review school-based suicide prevention programs. Prior to this review, background information on suicide including prevalence rates and general information on suicide is presented. It has been determined that adolescent males are four times as likely than females to complete suicide while females are twice as likely to attempt suicide. The most common methods of adolescent suicide completion are firearms and explosives while the most common mean of …