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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Effects Of Cortisol Stress Response Patterns On Autism Related Behaviors In Young Adult Males With Fragile X Syndrome And Autism Spectrum Disorders, Sara M. Matherly
Effects Of Cortisol Stress Response Patterns On Autism Related Behaviors In Young Adult Males With Fragile X Syndrome And Autism Spectrum Disorders, Sara M. Matherly
Theses and Dissertations
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by deficits in social interactions (reduced eye contact, topic preoccupation, and social withdrawal) and maladaptive behaviors of anxiety, social withdrawal, and restricted interests (Kau, Tierney, Bukelis, Stump, Kates, Trescher et al., 2004). Prior research with individuals who have FXS has indicated that problem behaviors (i.e. social withdrawal and inattention) were correlated with abnormal activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA; Hessl, et. al., 2002); however, very few studies have investigated physiological patterns and associations with social dysfunction and restricted and repetitive behaviors for individuals with idiopathic ASD. The present study …
Contextualizing Classroom Behavior In Low-Income Children With High Behavioral Self-Regulation Relative To Peers, Hall Sprott West
Contextualizing Classroom Behavior In Low-Income Children With High Behavioral Self-Regulation Relative To Peers, Hall Sprott West
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the home and classroom environments of a subsample of students (n=16) selected from a participant group of 259 low income students within 4 urban schools in the southeast. The subsample consisted of students who, according to a direct performance assessment, had higher behavioral self-regulation skills than their peers yet were reported by teachers as exhibiting undesirable classroom behavior. Examined as potential contributors to the poor classroom behavior of the students were home environment characteristics related to stress and child-parent relationships and classroom environment characteristics which included classroom quality and presence of chaos. Results indicated that children within …
Testing Bidirectional Contextual Effects Of Adolescent Risk Factors On Young Adulthood Outcomes: A Life Course Perspective To Gangs, Andrea E. Lamont
Testing Bidirectional Contextual Effects Of Adolescent Risk Factors On Young Adulthood Outcomes: A Life Course Perspective To Gangs, Andrea E. Lamont
Theses and Dissertations
Leading theories in developmental science emphasize the role of the individual as an active agent in shaping her or his environment. Yet, most empirical work has focused on unidirectional models, ultimately treating the individual as a passive recipient of environmental risk. Part of this gap between theory and analysis is methodological in nature – i.e., classical statistical methods typically do not allow for the modeling of bidirectional influences or complex longitudinal relations. Recent advancements in longitudinal methodologies, however, expand our ability to answer more nuanced developmental questions. In this dissertation, I demonstrate how advanced longitudinal methods could be used to …
Characterization Of The Hippocampal Acetylcholine System In A Rodent Model Of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Amy Elizabeth Perkins
Characterization Of The Hippocampal Acetylcholine System In A Rodent Model Of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Amy Elizabeth Perkins
Theses and Dissertations
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a major public health concern, as it is estimated that 2-5% of children are exposed to alcohol at some point during prenatal development. FASD have been shown to cause damage to multiple brain regions, but research shows that the hippocampus is especially sensitive to alcohol exposure. This damage to the hippocampus explains, in part, deficits in learning and memory that are hallmark symptoms of FASD. The acetylcholine neurotransmitter system plays a major role in learning and memory, and the hippocampus is one of its main targets. This experiment used a rodent model of Fetal …
Project Shine: A Family-Based Intervention For Improving Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, And Diet In African American Adolescents, Sara M. St. George
Project Shine: A Family-Based Intervention For Improving Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, And Diet In African American Adolescents, Sara M. St. George
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the effects of a family-based intervention for improving moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake in African American adolescents. The intervention (Project SHINE: Supporting Health Interactively through Nutrition and Exercise) integrated Social Cognitive (SCT), Self Determination (SDT), and Family Systems Theories (FST) to improve healthy physical activity and dietary behaviors. Behavioral strategies from SCT (i.e., self-monitoring, goal-setting, self-regulatory skill-building), elements involved in facilitating intrinsic motivation for health behavior change from SDT (i.e., autonomy, competence, belongingness), and positive parenting practices from FST for integrating parent and peer systems (e.g., parental monitoring, parent-adolescent …