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Articles 1 - 30 of 57
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Digital Dionysus: Nietzsche & The Network-Centric Condition
The Digital Dionysus: Nietzsche & The Network-Centric Condition
Dan Mellamphy
No abstract provided.
Framing The Game: Assessing The Impact Of Cultural Representations On Consumer Perceptions Of Legitimacy, Ashlee Humphreys, Kathryn A. Latour
Framing The Game: Assessing The Impact Of Cultural Representations On Consumer Perceptions Of Legitimacy, Ashlee Humphreys, Kathryn A. Latour
Kathryn A. LaTour
No abstract provided.
The Story Of Taste: Using Eegs And Self-Reports To Understand Consumer Choice, Charnetta Brown, Adriane B. Randolph, Janée N. Burkhalter
The Story Of Taste: Using Eegs And Self-Reports To Understand Consumer Choice, Charnetta Brown, Adriane B. Randolph, Janée N. Burkhalter
Adriane B. Randolph
The authors investigate consumers’ willingness to switch from a preferred manufacturer brand to an unfamiliar private-label brand if taste is perceived as identical. Consumer decisions are examined through recordings of electrical brain activity in the form of electroencephalograms (EEGs) and self-reported data captured in surveys. Results reveal a willingness of consumers to switch to a less-expensive brand when the quality is perceived to be the same as the more expensive counterpart. Cost saving options for consumers and advertising considerations for managers are discussed.
Esochoice: The Self-Manipulation Of Tastes By Chameleonic Decision Makers, Brian J. Gibbs
Esochoice: The Self-Manipulation Of Tastes By Chameleonic Decision Makers, Brian J. Gibbs
Brian J. Gibbs
No abstract provided.
Factors Affecting The Acquisition And Transfer Of Novel Attribute Relationships To New Product Categories, Stewart Shapiro, Mark Spence, Jennifer Gregan-Paxton
Factors Affecting The Acquisition And Transfer Of Novel Attribute Relationships To New Product Categories, Stewart Shapiro, Mark Spence, Jennifer Gregan-Paxton
Mark Spence
This article investigates two factors posited to affect consumers' ability to learn a novel attribute relationship (e.g., "no pesticides → USDA organic symbol") and apply this recently acquired knowledge when making judgments in a new product category. The first factor concerns the nature of the attribute encoding process and, in particular, whether it allows for comparison of examples. The second factor focuses on the relationship between the learning and transfer domains, and examines the influence of perceptual similarity (manipulated two ways: similarity in the elements comprising the attribute relationships, and similarity between the base and target domains) on the transfer …
Make My Memory: How Advertising Can Change Our Memories Of The Past, Kathryn A. Braun, Rhiannon Ellis, Elizabeth F. Loftus
Make My Memory: How Advertising Can Change Our Memories Of The Past, Kathryn A. Braun, Rhiannon Ellis, Elizabeth F. Loftus
Kathryn A. LaTour
Marketers use autobiographical advertising as a means to create nostalgia for their products. This research explores whether such referencing can cause people to believe that they had experiences as children that are mentioned in the ads. In Experiment 1, participants viewed an ad for Disney that suggested that they shook hands with Mickey Mouse as a child. Relative to controls, the ad increased their confidence that they personally had shaken hands with Mickey as a child at a Disney resort. The increased confidence could be due to a revival of a true memory or the creation of a new, false …
Coke Is It: How Stories In Childhood Memories Illuminate An Icon, Kathryn A. Latour, Michael S. Latour, George M. Zinkhan
Coke Is It: How Stories In Childhood Memories Illuminate An Icon, Kathryn A. Latour, Michael S. Latour, George M. Zinkhan
Kathryn A. LaTour
This paper builds on consumer storytelling theory and childhood memory research by proposing that earliest childhood memory stories are useful for developing brand myths and providing relevance to iconic brands. This article investigates consumers' childhood memories with Coca-Cola and finds that memories from early childhood are more predictive and insightful for understanding current brand attitudes than memories coming from adolescence. A focus group is unable to elicit memories from as early in life as the childhood memory session. In addition, the memories elicited by the group interviewer are not as relevant and meaningful to participants. When participants read experiences coming …
Mood, Information Congruency, And Overload, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Nancy M. Puccinelli, Fred W. Mast
Mood, Information Congruency, And Overload, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Nancy M. Puccinelli, Fred W. Mast
Kathryn A. LaTour
Marketers seek new ways of gaining attention in our age of information bombardment, and one popular way has been to utilize schema-incongruent language. The present article investigates how a common situational factor–consumer mood–influences consumers' ability to process incongruent information in an information overload environment. Two experiments find positive mood increases (and negative mood decreases) consumers' ability to respond to incongruent information. Both experiments utilize computer reaction tests on healthy adult consumers; the first uses the Stroop test, the second uses the IAT (Implicit Association Test). This article discusses the implications of the findings for marketers attempting to gain consumers attention …
Advertising's Misinformation Effect, Kathryn A. Braun, Elizabeth F. Loftus
Advertising's Misinformation Effect, Kathryn A. Braun, Elizabeth F. Loftus
Kathryn A. LaTour
This research explores whether post-experience advertising alters information learned in a consumer's direct experience. An advertising misinformation effect was obtained for colour memory of a previously seen candy bar wrapper upon both visual and verbal misinformation. However, the misleading visual information produced more ‘remember’ judgements than misleading verbal information. This advertising misinformation effect did not dissipate when the source was discredited. We found that such memory changes can be directly linked to consumer subjective judgements and choices when the misleading information is particularly salient. Not only do these findings constitute a novel generalizability of the misinformation effect, they also have …
Positive Mood And Susceptibility To False Advertising, Michael S. Latour, Kathryn A. Latour
Positive Mood And Susceptibility To False Advertising, Michael S. Latour, Kathryn A. Latour
Kathryn A. LaTour
This paper examines the impact of mood on consumers' implicit and explicit responses to false advertising. In our first experiment, we find that those consumers in a positive (versus a negative or neutral) mood state are more likely to notice the false information in the advertising, but paradoxically, are also likely to develop positive feelings toward the brand. In that experiment, we used both a hedonic brand (Disney) and a hedonic/emotional ad (autobiographical). In our second experiment, we extend the ad stimulus context beyond Disney to Wendy's to more readily facilitate autobiographical versus informational manipulations. We find that, indeed, the …
Memory Change: An Intimate Measure Of Persuasion, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Gerald Zaltman
Memory Change: An Intimate Measure Of Persuasion, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Gerald Zaltman
Kathryn A. LaTour
A major goal for advertising is to have an enduring emotional impact on an audience by facilitating their creation of personally relevant understandings of an advertisement. This is achieved through a process of cocreation in which consumers integrate advertising content with their own attitudes, beliefs, and values to produce the meaning of an advertisement. This article proposes an approach to evaluating advertisements that builds on the reconstructive nature of memory, the dominant view of memory today. The reconstructive view of memory holds that the memory for the same event is different each time it is recalled and that the person …
The Impact Of Program Context On Motivational System Activation And Subsequent Effects On Processing A Fear Appeal, Robert F. Potter, Michael S. Latour, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour
The Impact Of Program Context On Motivational System Activation And Subsequent Effects On Processing A Fear Appeal, Robert F. Potter, Michael S. Latour, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour
Kathryn A. LaTour
This manuscript reports three experiments investigating the impact of television programming context on the processing of a fear-appeal message. This is done using a dual-motivation system theory conceptualizing emotion as arising from activation of the appetitive and/or aversive motivational systems. Results show that, as predicted, sad programming activates viewers' aversive motivational systems, whereas comedic programming activates their appetitive motivational systems. Furthermore, by activating these systems through programming context, we were able to predict both retrospective self-report and real-time physiological reactions to a persuasive message employing a fear-appeal strategy. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, as are suggestions for future experiments …
Assessing The Long-Term Impact Of A Consistent Advertising Campaign On Consumer Memory, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour
Assessing The Long-Term Impact Of A Consistent Advertising Campaign On Consumer Memory, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour
Kathryn A. LaTour
How effective is an advertising campaign that has consistently used the same theme since consumers' early childhood? To answer that question one has to consider the effect the campaign has had on consumers' memory. This research begins by discussing the structure of memory and schematic processes that occur when similar or related information is presented over time. Evidence is reviewed which suggests that early exposure would be critical in the brand schema's development. An experiment that tests the strength of the brand schema in a competitive environment and a survey that explores the importance of time of initial exposure to …
Transforming Consumer Experience: When Timing Matters, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour
Transforming Consumer Experience: When Timing Matters, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour
Kathryn A. LaTour
How advertising can influence or change consumers' product experience has been a topic of great interest to marketers. The majority of research has suggested that advertising received prior to an experience can exert the most influence. In 1999, however, Braun introduced the concept of reconstructive memory, and demonstrated that advertising received after an experience can alter how consumers remember their experience. The issue of which order of framing of an experience through advertising is most influential on consumer memory has not yet been investigated. A constructive memory framework that can take into account both forward- and backward-framing effects and an …
I’Ll Have What She’S Having: Gauging The Impact Of Product Placements On Viewers, Sharmistha Law, Kathryn A. Braun
I’Ll Have What She’S Having: Gauging The Impact Of Product Placements On Viewers, Sharmistha Law, Kathryn A. Braun
Kathryn A. LaTour
Product placement in TV shows is becoming increasingly common, yet little is known about its effectiveness nor even how to define and measure such effectiveness. This research examined the effectiveness of product placement with the use of two different types of measures: explicit measures that tap memory directly (with the use of a recognition and recall task), and an implicit measure that measures the effect of exposure on product choice indirectly. It was hypothesized that the ability of product placement to enhance memory and choice may be mediated by distinct mechanisms. The results showed an overall enhancement in product recall, …
How And When Advertising Can Influence Memory For Consumer Experience, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour, Jacqueline E. Pickrell, Elizabeth F. Loftus
How And When Advertising Can Influence Memory For Consumer Experience, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour, Jacqueline E. Pickrell, Elizabeth F. Loftus
Kathryn A. LaTour
Recent "paradigm shifting" research in consumer behavior dealing with reconstructive memory processes suggests that advertising can exert a powerful retroactive effect on how consumers remember their past experiences with a product. Building on this stream of research, we have executed three studies that incorporate the use of false cues with the aim of shedding new light on how post-experience advertising exerts influence on recollection. Our first experiment investigates an important but yet unexplored issue to advertisers who are perhaps reticent about embracing this paradigm: Does the false cue fundamentally change how consumers process information? After finding that when the false …
Postexperience Advertising Effects On Consumer Memory, Kathryn A. Braun
Postexperience Advertising Effects On Consumer Memory, Kathryn A. Braun
Kathryn A. LaTour
Past research suggests that marketing communications create expectations that influence the way consumers subsequently learn from their product experiences. Since postexperience information can also be important and is widespread for established goods and services, it is appropriate to ask about the cognitive effects of these efforts. The postexperience advertising situation is conceptualized here as an instant source-forgetting problem where the language and imagery from the recently presented advertising become confused with consumers’ own experiential memories. It is suggested that, through a reconstructive memory process, this advertising information affects how and what consumers remember. Consumers may come to believe that their …
Using Childhood Memory To Gain Insight Into Brand Meaning, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour, George M. Zinkhan
Using Childhood Memory To Gain Insight Into Brand Meaning, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour, George M. Zinkhan
Kathryn A. LaTour
In this article, the authors introduce the concept that people's earliest and defining product memories can be used as a projective tool to help managers more fully understand consumers' relationships to their products. The authors use a study on three generations of automobile consumers to illustrate how these memories symbolize the consumer-brand relationship and how they can be used to gain insights into brand meaning. The findings indicate that people's earliest and defining experiences have an important influence on current and future preferences in predictable ways across the consumer life cycle. These memory experiences are symbolic to the consumer and …
13 Surefire Ways To Kill Your Private Practice, Oscar T. Mcknight, Kerri Carmichael, Gregory Pollock
13 Surefire Ways To Kill Your Private Practice, Oscar T. Mcknight, Kerri Carmichael, Gregory Pollock
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
This program and research reviews by paradox the 13 surefire ways to kill your private practice. The program highlights common mistakes and stresses the areas needed to create a successful private practice. Data driven examples explore the myths and reality of private practice.
Increasing College Football Attendance: An Exploratory Study Of Fan Typology, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Jordan Mcknight, Wenhui Jin
Increasing College Football Attendance: An Exploratory Study Of Fan Typology, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Jordan Mcknight, Wenhui Jin
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
No sport enjoys more popularity in the USA than football. However, not every college can fill their stadium. This study examined spectator typology and college football attendance. Four typologies emerged as well as a chronology of expectations for game events. Presented is PUNT a sport marketing strategy to increase football game attendance.
To Change Or Not To Change: How Regulatory Focus Affects Change In Dyadic Decision-Making, Jelena Spanjol, Leona Tam
To Change Or Not To Change: How Regulatory Focus Affects Change In Dyadic Decision-Making, Jelena Spanjol, Leona Tam
Leona Tam
Successful innovation requires teams to embrace and enact change. However, team members often differ in their preferences for change. We examine how regulatory focus affects dyadic teams’ tendencies to enact change across an array of repeated brand management decisions. Understanding such tendencies is important, since the innovation process is characterized by a series of investment decisions typically made by teams, yet prone to significant biases. Regulatory focus theory provides a framework for understanding the dominant motivations driving decision-making during goal pursuit. It argues that individuals operate under either a promotion or prevention focus, influencing preferences for stability vs. change. We …
Using The Fcb Grid To Evaluate A Failed Mental Health Levy: The Marketing Implications Of Stigma, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Steffi Liotta, Wenhui Jin
Using The Fcb Grid To Evaluate A Failed Mental Health Levy: The Marketing Implications Of Stigma, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Steffi Liotta, Wenhui Jin
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
This research found that using the FCB Grid to develop and evaluate a mental health levy campaign has merit. Likewise, stigma has both positive and negative impact on a mental health levy. Introduced is the ‘STIGMA’ planning model to help mental health professionals pass a public mental health levy.
Examining The Use Of Focus Groups In Economic Development Initiatives, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Brian Nestor, Shawn Yambor
Examining The Use Of Focus Groups In Economic Development Initiatives, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Brian Nestor, Shawn Yambor
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
City officials often use focus groups in economic development. However, findings indicate that group dynamics can threaten validity when seeking consensus. Data suggest a strong rebound effect for participants to return to their earlier pre-focus group assessment beliefs. Introduced is the ‘BUCKS’ Planning Model for facilitating city economic development initiatives.
Factors Affecting Judgments Of Prevalence And Representation: Implications For Public Policy And Marketing, Donnel A. Briley, L. J. Shrum, Robert S. Wyer Jr.
Factors Affecting Judgments Of Prevalence And Representation: Implications For Public Policy And Marketing, Donnel A. Briley, L. J. Shrum, Robert S. Wyer Jr.
Donnel A Briley
Public policies are typically established to eliminate important social problems (e.g., minority discrimination, crime, poverty). And the importance of these problems, and urgency people feel about addressing them, is influenced by perceptions of their prevalence. These perceptions, however, can be unwittingly biased by extraneous sources of information that lead some either to overestimate or underestimate the seriousness of the problem at hand. We review empirical work on the construction of perceptions of frequency and representativeness and the processes that underlie them, and show that these perceptions are often biased in ways that differ over segments of the population. The implications …
Ohio Student Social Skills Training Program Is Very Successful, David Volosin, Oscar T. Mcknight, John Sikula
Ohio Student Social Skills Training Program Is Very Successful, David Volosin, Oscar T. Mcknight, John Sikula
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
This article reports on research conducted in the Parma City Schools, Ohio by The Society for Prevention of Violence (SPV). The SPV is dedicated to reducing the prevalence of violent acts and asocial behaviors of children and adults through education. It accomplishes this mission by teaching children and adults the use of the skills necessary to build their character. Findings suggest that the SPV program improves the ability of children within class to pay attention and be organized. The greatest improved social behaviors for participants were in helping others who are having trouble; increased ability to initiate positive interactions; and, …
Public Perception Study 2011: Mental Illness, Drug And Alcohol Abuse, Oscar T. Mcknight
Public Perception Study 2011: Mental Illness, Drug And Alcohol Abuse, Oscar T. Mcknight
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
This study examined the public perception of mental illness, drug and alcohol abuse. Field-interviews with participants occurred "on the street" with no difficulty. Participants offered ten general recommendations to professionals developing programs for mental illness, drug or alcohol abuse. The public stressed the professional responsibilities of physicians, pharmacists, counselors and teachers to prevent drug abuse.
Student Affairs Program Evaluation: A Factor Analytic Solution, Oscar T. Mcknight
Student Affairs Program Evaluation: A Factor Analytic Solution, Oscar T. Mcknight
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
This program and presentation addresses the use of factor analysis in program evaluation. Specific focus will highlight the development and selection of marker items. The goal is to label and interpret factors according to targeted questions of interest. Therefore, results are not only descriptive, but predictive - with practical application to student retention and satisfaction. Process is useful for benchmarking best practices; measuring student satisfaction and learning; tracking student participation; evaluating program results; determining future program or service needs; and, assessing effectiveness of delivered programs.
Cleveland Schools Social Skills Training Program Showing Positive Results, David Volosin, Oscar T. Mcknight, John Sikula
Cleveland Schools Social Skills Training Program Showing Positive Results, David Volosin, Oscar T. Mcknight, John Sikula
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
This article reports on research conducted in the Cleveland Metropolitan School District by the Society for Prevention of Violence (SPV). A total of 1500 students and 150 teachers participated in a social skills training program. Statistically significant positive results were found over the course of the 2009 - 2010 school year. A positive change in the school environment was documented via a thirty-five item learning survey. Because of the positive results, during the 2010 - 2011 school year, SPV's social skills training program is being implemented in all three Parma middle schools.
A Primer For Economic Development Directors And Other Social Entrepreneurs: Using 'Cash' As A Management Practice, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Aaron Mcknight, Melinda Belden
A Primer For Economic Development Directors And Other Social Entrepreneurs: Using 'Cash' As A Management Practice, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Aaron Mcknight, Melinda Belden
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
City and community oficials are responsible for developing and sustaining economic growth. This research focuses on Best Practices Cities - those with current and predicted economic growth above the national average - and the specific management practices that are responsible for such growth. The CASH model is presented to assist city planners and other social entrepreneurs in their economic development initiatives.
Strategic Marketing For Economic Development: A Comparative Study, Megan Polak, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh
Strategic Marketing For Economic Development: A Comparative Study, Megan Polak, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh
Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.
This study surveyed economic development directors from 118 cities from within the continental United States. The research concern was their strategic economic development plan. Electronic surveys asked participants to identify strategic components of their economic development plan; first, by intent of focus and second by rank-order. Designated areas of economic development included: Retail, Commercial, Residential or Industrial. In addition, the survey inquired as to their planned marketing communication channel and expected reach (i.e. footprint). Findings suggested that most cities were seeking to promote "all areas equally" - industrial development surfaced as the area of economic development listed with the highest …