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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Role Of Leader Support For Safety Within The Leader Justice-Safety Performance Relationship, Benjamin R. Kaufman
The Role Of Leader Support For Safety Within The Leader Justice-Safety Performance Relationship, Benjamin R. Kaufman
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Research indicates that leadership is a potent antecedent of safety performance and outcomes. Specifically, quality of leadership has been identified as a critical target for occupational safety research. The current studies focused on employee perceptions of leader justice, operationalized in general (Study 1) and safety-specific contexts (Study 2), and leader support for safety, and investigated their interactions in predicting safety performance. Only one published study has explored the direct impact of leader justice on safety and no previous research has contextualized leader justice in safety-specific terms. It was postulated that general and safety-specific leader justices and support for safety would …
Applying Leadership Theory To The Work-Family Interface: Examining The Interactive Effects Of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors And Leader-Member Exchange Quality, Heather M. Bolen
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Extant work-family research has traditionally looked at the role of the supervisor in diminishing work-family conflict using a supervisor support framework. The current study draws from recent trends that look past perceptions of support and contend that leadership can be used as a lens through which work-family outcomes can be understood (e.g., Major & Cleveland, 2007). Specifically, the current study contends that exploring leader-subordinate relationship quality (i.e., leader-member exchange) and specific behaviors that leaders engage in to be supportive of subordinates' work-family needs (i.e., family supportive supervisor behaviors) is the next step in examining the role of one's leader in …
Interrelationships Between Sensation Seeking And Psychopathy, Casey S. Iwai
Interrelationships Between Sensation Seeking And Psychopathy, Casey S. Iwai
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Psychopathic and sensation seeking traits are often correlated; however, sensation seeking alone is not inherently pathological. This study seeks to investigate possible moderating variables between individuals who are high on sensation seeking but low on measures of psychopathic or antisocial traits. Specifically, a positive family environment is hypothesized to be a moderating variable in the development of psychopathic traits among high sensation seekers. A college student sample assessed for psychopathy, sensation seeking, and family functioning is used to test this hypothesis. Significant relationships between all three constructs were found. Similar to previous data, sensation seeking was found to correlate with …
Environmental Context And Aggression: An Experimental Demonstration Of The Role Of Alcohol Expectancies, Brynn E. Sheehan
Environmental Context And Aggression: An Experimental Demonstration Of The Role Of Alcohol Expectancies, Brynn E. Sheehan
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Research has extensively investigated predictors of alcohol-related aggression. Alcohol expectancy theory suggests that the link between alcohol and aggression may be related to one's beliefs regarding the expected effects of alcohol on aggression. As such, research has found that exposure to a bar environment may elicit alcohol-related aggression expectancies (Wall, McKee, & Hinson, 2000; Wall, McKee, Hinson, & Goldstein, 2001). Additionally, aggression expectancies have shown to predict direct aggression, such as hitting or yelling (Leonard, Collins, & Quigley, 2003; Smucker Barnwell, Borders, & Earlywine, 2006). While these research studies have shown separately that alcohol cues elicit aggression expectancies, and that …
Workload Transitions And Stress: Changes Over Time, Erik G. Prytz
Workload Transitions And Stress: Changes Over Time, Erik G. Prytz
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Workload transitions are situations where operators are suddenly confronted with levels of workload substantially different from previously established levels. Workload transitions may affect the operators' state of stress and coping behaviors but previous research has not conclusively demonstrated the nature of those. The first goal of the current work was to investigate the discrepant findings of the previous literature. Two experiments were conducted where participants were asked to perform a digit detection task that suddenly shifted between low and high event rates (i.e., low and high workload, respectively). The first experiment used a large magnitude transition that resulted in a …
The Effects Of Serial Position, Evaluation Format, And Behavioral Isolate On Verbal And Nonverbal Clinical Cue Recognition And Performance Ratings, Timothy Robert Turner Jr.
The Effects Of Serial Position, Evaluation Format, And Behavioral Isolate On Verbal And Nonverbal Clinical Cue Recognition And Performance Ratings, Timothy Robert Turner Jr.
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Standardized patients are individuals trained to realistically portray specific physical and psychological symptoms and evaluate healthcare trainees on their patient interaction skills. Prior research suggests that individual differences among standardized patients often result in assessment variance. This study examined the effects of cue serial position and evaluation format on individuals' perceptual awareness and recognition accuracy of verbal and nonverbal clinical cues. It was predicted that implementing periodic evaluations would reduce participant working memory load and permit better awareness and recognition of relevant clinical cues than the traditional post-scenario evaluation format. The concurrent evaluation benefit was also expected to mitigate the …
Default Effects In The Endorsement Of Environmental Policies, Blake J. Bent
Default Effects In The Endorsement Of Environmental Policies, Blake J. Bent
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
When making decisions, people are often presented with a default option. Across many different domains, individuals show an inflated preference for the default option, a phenomenon known as the default effect. The current research examined the default effect and the role of loss aversion and implied endorsement in the context of environmental policy. Two hundred nineteen undergraduate participants were asked to vote on an ostensible ballot question regarding the enactment of seven environmental policies. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions based on a manipulation of the default option: a default to enact the policy (the opt-out condition), …
The Effects Of Religious Coping And Drinking To Cope On The Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms And Alcohol-Related Problems, Adrian J. Bravo
The Effects Of Religious Coping And Drinking To Cope On The Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms And Alcohol-Related Problems, Adrian J. Bravo
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
The present research examined the moderating effect of religious coping (positive or negative) on the relationship between depressive symptoms and alcohol-related problems. Furthermore, the current study examined the moderating effects of positive and negative religious coping in the context of the confirmed mediation of drinking to cope on depression and alcohol related problems (i.e., moderated-mediation). The study consisted of 294 religious undergraduate student drinkers from a large southeastern university. The majority of participants identified themselves as Christian (n = 257, 87.4%), were female (n = 218, 74.1%), and reported a mean age of 21.85 (SD = 5.57) …
Mutual Performance Monitoring In Virtual Teams, Nathan Haugejorde Bjornberg
Mutual Performance Monitoring In Virtual Teams, Nathan Haugejorde Bjornberg
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
The use of virtual teams in organizations has become commonplace (SHRM, 2012). While a great deal of research on teamwork exists, much of it has focused on collocated teams. Spatial and temporal separations inherent in virtual teams make working together as a team more difficult. This research examined a teamwork process previously unexplored within virtual teams -- mutual performance monitoring. An experimental intervention was conducted and outcomes at both the individual and team levels of analysis were examined. A total of 161 participants were assigned to work together in 47 teams on a decision-making task. Participants communicated and worked together …
Gender Stereotypes In Leadership: How Threatening Are They?, Valerie N. Streets
Gender Stereotypes In Leadership: How Threatening Are They?, Valerie N. Streets
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Women's persistent underrepresentation in management has prompted a considerable body of research to better understand how gender stereotyping contributes to this disparity. One possible explanation for the impact of stereotyping on women in management is stereotype threat (i.e., the risk of confirming negative stereotypes as true). Experimental research concerning stereotype threat as it affects women within the domain of leadership has been limited, with no published study specifically manipulating stereotype threat and testing effects on subsequent leadership performance. This thesis expands upon the current literature by replicating classic stereotype threat experimental designs and applying such a design to a leadership …
Health Promotion In Multiple Domains: Capitalizing On The Spillover Effect, Gabrielle Maria D'Lima
Health Promotion In Multiple Domains: Capitalizing On The Spillover Effect, Gabrielle Maria D'Lima
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Lifestyle behaviors, such as physical activity and food consumption choices, play a critical role in the development of chronic diseases and ultimately mortality. Optimally, multiple health-related behaviors are changed to reduce risk rather than targeting only one risk behavior. The purpose of the current research was to examine the potential utility of the spillover effect in the application of a multiple health behavior intervention. The online intervention developed in this study aimed primarily to foster self-regulation, bolstered by impulsivity control and self-efficacy, in one health-related behavior (i.e., physical activity) in order to potentially affect change in other health-related behaviors (e.g., …
Effects Of Simultaneous Alarms On Resolution Heuristics, Amanda C. Allen
Effects Of Simultaneous Alarms On Resolution Heuristics, Amanda C. Allen
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Automated signaling systems are frequently used to direct operator attention to potential hazards. Although these automated systems can lead to enhanced human performance, factors such as degraded alarm signal reliability and lack of trust can undermine the potential benefits of automation (Breznitz, 1984; Rice, 2009, Wickens & 2007). Additionally, work by Gilson, Mouloua, Graft, and McDonald (2001), as well as Keller and Rice (2009), suggest that an alarm contained within a larger array of alarms should not be evaluated individually. Due to the increasing use of multiple alarms in complex environments such as operating rooms and cockpits (Konkani, Oakley, & …
Effects Of Vibrotactile Display Position And Shape On Extrapersonal Localization, Adam D. Sitz
Effects Of Vibrotactile Display Position And Shape On Extrapersonal Localization, Adam D. Sitz
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Vibrotactile displays are capable of conveying extrapersonal spatial information to users navigating or operating within a three-dimensional environment (e.g., aircraft pilots). Although vibrotactile displays can be applied to many parts of the body, recent applications have focused on torso-based displays that egocentrically reference distal targets. However, these displays may be poorly suited to convey elevation because of the generally cylindrical shape of the human torso. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the relative effectiveness of handheld vibrotactile displays configured either in a cylindrical or spherical-shape as compared to a torso-based display. Due to its shape, the spherical …
Effects Of Parental Alcoholism And Trauma Exposure On Depressive Symptoms: A Path Model With Resilience, Social Support, And Family Satisfaction, Erin Doty Kurtz
Effects Of Parental Alcoholism And Trauma Exposure On Depressive Symptoms: A Path Model With Resilience, Social Support, And Family Satisfaction, Erin Doty Kurtz
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
The goal of this study was to explore the different effects of parental alcoholism and history of trauma exposure on depressive symptoms in an emerging adult, college population. In particular, mediating effects of resilience, social support, and family satisfaction were evaluated for both parental alcoholism and previous interpersonal trauma exposure using structural equation modeling (SEM). Participants were 708 students (217 male, 491 female) attending a large mid-Atlantic state university. It was . anticipated that social support and family satisfaction would be key mediators between parental alcoholism and depressive symptoms, while resilience and social support would be significant mediators between interpersonal …