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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Testing The Health Belief Model Among African-American Gay/Bisexual Men With Self-Efficacy And Minority-Specific Contextual Variables, Brian D. Zamboni, Isiaah Crawford, Fred B. Bryant
Testing The Health Belief Model Among African-American Gay/Bisexual Men With Self-Efficacy And Minority-Specific Contextual Variables, Brian D. Zamboni, Isiaah Crawford, Fred B. Bryant
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
This study used structural equation modeling to test variations of the Health Belief Model in predicting safer sex intentions among 151 African-American gay/bisexual men. Acculturation and gay socialization were included to see if minority-specific contextual variables improved the model fit. Perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, and cues to action did not improve the model. Including self-efficacy as a mediating variable improved the model and overall prediction of safer sex intentions. Although acculturation and gay socialization were not statistically significant additions to the model, there are conceptual and practical reasons why these variables may influence safer sex intentions among African-American gay/bisexual men.
Promoting Word Consciousness To Close The Vocabulary Gap In Young Word Learners, Perla B. Gámez, Sabina Rak Neugebauer, Michael D. Coyne, D. Betsy Mccoach, Ingrid T. Cólon, Sharon Ware
Promoting Word Consciousness To Close The Vocabulary Gap In Young Word Learners, Perla B. Gámez, Sabina Rak Neugebauer, Michael D. Coyne, D. Betsy Mccoach, Ingrid T. Cólon, Sharon Ware
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
A proposed avenue for increasing students’ vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension is instruction that promotes students’ enthusiasm and attention to words, referred to as word consciousness. This study seeks to investigate, at the utterance level, whether and how word consciousness talk is used in classrooms with young word learners and whether this type of talk is associated with student gains in general vocabulary knowledge. Using videotaped classroom (N = 27) observations, this study found evidence of word consciousness talk, with variability of use across classrooms. Multilevel modeling revealed that this kind of teacher talk—operationalized as reinforcing students’ use …
Group Decision-Making From An Evolutionary/Adaptationist Perspective, R. Scott Tindale, Tatsuya Kameda
Group Decision-Making From An Evolutionary/Adaptationist Perspective, R. Scott Tindale, Tatsuya Kameda
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Over the 20 years that Group Processes & Intergroup Relations has been in existence, evolutionary theory has begun to play a larger role in our understanding of human social behavior. Theory and research on group decision-making is no exception and the present paper attempts to briefly highlight how an evolutionary/adaptationist perspective has informed our understanding of how groups reach consensus and make collective choices. In addition, we attempt to show that humans are not the only species that use group processes to make important choices. Looking for similarities and continuities among research domains with different species should lead to a …
The Effects Of Diegetic And Nondiegetic Music On Viewers’ Interpretations Of A Film Scene, Elizabeth M. Wakefield, Siu-Lan Tan, Matthew P. Spackman
The Effects Of Diegetic And Nondiegetic Music On Viewers’ Interpretations Of A Film Scene, Elizabeth M. Wakefield, Siu-Lan Tan, Matthew P. Spackman
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Previous studies have shown that pairing a film excerpt with different musical soundtracks can change the audience’s interpretation of the scene. This study examined the effects of mixing the same piece of music at different levels of loudness in a film soundtrack to suggest diegetic music (“source music,” presented as if arising from within the fictional world of the film characters) or to suggest nondiegetic music (a “dramatic score” accompanying the scene but not originating from within the fictional world). Adjusting the level of loudness significantly altered viewers’ perceptions of many elements that are fundamental to the storyline, including inferences …
Learning While Deciding In Groups, R. Scott Tindale, Jeremy R. Winget
Learning While Deciding In Groups, R. Scott Tindale, Jeremy R. Winget
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Groups are used to make many important societal decisions. Similar to individuals, by paying attention to the information available during the decision processes and the consequences of the decisions, groups can learn from their decisions as well. In addition, group members can learn from each other by exchanging information and being exposed to different perspectives. However, groups make decisions in many different ways and the potential and actual learning that takes place will vary as a function of the manner in which groups reach consensus. This chapter reviews the literature on group decision making with a special emphasis on how …
Unpacking The Ontogeny Of Gesture Understanding: How Movement Becomes Meaningful Across Development, Elizabeth M. Wakefield, Miriam A. Novack, Susan Goldin-Meadow
Unpacking The Ontogeny Of Gesture Understanding: How Movement Becomes Meaningful Across Development, Elizabeth M. Wakefield, Miriam A. Novack, Susan Goldin-Meadow
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Gestures, hand movements that accompany speech, affect children's learning, memory, and thinking (e.g., Goldin‐Meadow, 2003). However, it remains unknown how children distinguish gestures from other kinds of actions. In this study, 4‐ to 9‐year‐olds (n = 339) and adults (n = 50) described one of three scenes: (a) an actor moving objects, (b) an actor moving her hands in the presence of objects (but not touching them), or (c) an actor moving her hands in the absence of objects. Participants across all ages were equally able to identify actions on objects as goal directed, but the ability to …
Differential Functional Connectivity Of Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex During Emotional Interference, Rebecca L. Silton, Akos Szekely, Wendy Heller, Gregory A. Miller
Differential Functional Connectivity Of Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex During Emotional Interference, Rebecca L. Silton, Akos Szekely, Wendy Heller, Gregory A. Miller
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The rostral-ventral subdivision of the anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) plays a key role in the regulation of emotional processing. Although rACC has strong anatomical connections with anterior insular cortex (AIC), amygdala, prefrontal cortex and striatal brain regions, it is unclear whether the functional connectivity of rACC with these regions changes when regulating emotional processing. Furthermore, it is not known whether this connectivity changes with deficits in emotion regulation seen in different kinds of anxiety and depression. To address these questions regarding rACC functional connectivity, non-patients high in self-reported anxious apprehension (AP), anxious arousal (AR), anhedonic depression (AD) or none (CON) …
Representational Gesture As A Tool For Promoting Verb Learning In Young Children, Elizabeth M. Wakefield, Casey Hall, Karin H. James, Susan Goldin-Meadow
Representational Gesture As A Tool For Promoting Verb Learning In Young Children, Elizabeth M. Wakefield, Casey Hall, Karin H. James, Susan Goldin-Meadow
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The movements we produce or observe others produce can help us learn. Two forms of movement that are commonplace in our daily lives are actions, hand movements that directly manipulate our environment, and gestures, hand movements that accompany speech and represent ideas but do not lead to physical changes in the environment. Both action and gesture have been found to influence cognition, facilitating our ability to learn and remember new information (e.g., Calvo-Merino, Glaser, Grezes, Passingham, & Haggard, 2005; Casile & Giese, 2006; Chao & Martin, 2000; Cook, Mitchell, & GoldinMeadow, 2008; Goldin-Meadow, Cook, & Mitchell, 2009; Goldin-Meadow et al., …
Spina Bifida, Grayson N. Holmbeck, Kathy Zebracki, Jaclyn Lennon Papadakis, Colleen F. Bechtel Driscoll
Spina Bifida, Grayson N. Holmbeck, Kathy Zebracki, Jaclyn Lennon Papadakis, Colleen F. Bechtel Driscoll
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Spina bifida (SB) is a relatively common congenital birth defect that has a pervasive impact on the physical, neurocognitive, psychological, and social functioning of affected individuals and their families. Given the characteristics of this condition as well as the complexities of medical adherence in this population, pediatric psychologists are uniquely qualified to provide assessment and intervention services to these individuals.
The Influence Of Gender And Cultural Values On Savoring In Korean Undergraduates, Soyeon Kim, Fred B. Bryant
The Influence Of Gender And Cultural Values On Savoring In Korean Undergraduates, Soyeon Kim, Fred B. Bryant
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The present study investigated antecedents of savoring beliefs and responses in a sample of South Korean college students. Historically, Korea has been strongly influenced by Chinese Confucianism, which emphasizes not only gender-role differentiation and patriarchal norms, but also the dampening of emotions as a culturally appropriate style of positive emotional regulation. We hypothesized that Korean females, relative to males, would reject traditional Asian cultural values in order to gain more empowerment, and would, as a result, report a greater capacity to savor positive experience. Confirming the hypotheses, Korean women, compared to men, reported stronger disagreement with traditional Asian values, greater …
Influence Of Gender And Cultural Values On Savoring In Korean Undergraduates, Soyeon Kim, Fred B. Bryant
Influence Of Gender And Cultural Values On Savoring In Korean Undergraduates, Soyeon Kim, Fred B. Bryant
Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The present study investigated antecedents of savoring beliefs and responses in a sample of South Korean college students. Historically, Korea has been strongly influenced by Chinese Confucianism, which emphasizes not only gender-role differentiation and patriarchal norms, but also the dampening of emotions as a culturally appropriate style of positive emotional regulation. We hypothesized that Korean females, relative to males, would reject traditional Asian cultural values in order to gain more empowerment, and would, as a result, report a greater capacity to savor positive experience. Confirming the hypotheses, Korean women, compared to men, reported stronger disagreement with traditional Asian values, greater …