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Articles 1 - 30 of 227
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
From Play To Performance: Building An Effective Organization, Jessica N. Selee, Jade Johnson, Jocelyn N. Murray, Anna Samuelson, Jasmine Li, Andrew Lacanienta, Mat D. Duerden, Mark Widmer
From Play To Performance: Building An Effective Organization, Jessica N. Selee, Jade Johnson, Jocelyn N. Murray, Anna Samuelson, Jasmine Li, Andrew Lacanienta, Mat D. Duerden, Mark Widmer
Marriott Student Review
Under the Mentored Experience Grant, six students studies the impact that non-work activities (recreation or leisure) have on individual contributors or organization. Some employees refrain from participating in Leisure-at-Work (LAW) due to lack of time or skill, to cliques, to differing preferences, or fear of negative connotations. Employees report that LAW increases productivity, establishes and enriches social interactions, improves communication, attracts and retains employees in a company, and facilitates a culture of engagement, trust, and camaraderie. At the conclusion of our analysis, we identified areas of future research and recommendations for best practice.
End Matter 8.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Getting The Internship
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Internships can be a great opportunity to explore potential areas of interest, make meaningful connections, and gain experience in the workplace. However, even the market for internships can be competitive. Here we present some relevant questions answered by our community of internship hiring professionals from several organizations. These contributing organizations offer internship experiences in a variety of fields and range in location from on-campus to out-of-state. We’re confident that their insight will be an extremely valuable resource to psychology undergraduates and recent graduates hoping to take advantage of some unique opportunities in the internship world.
Women And Eating: Cognitive Dissonance Versus Self-Perception Theory
Women And Eating: Cognitive Dissonance Versus Self-Perception Theory
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Eating attitudes and eating beliefs in females might be explained by cognitive dissonance (conforming beliefs to match behaviors) or self-perception theory (beliefs inferred by behaviors). A sample of 129 female undergraduates, divided into three groups, were taken to see if the food they ate affected their attitude towards food or body image. A healthy food group consisted of low calorie foods, a junk food group consisted of high calorie foods, and a control group was given no food. Participants completed the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and Body Image Scale (BIS). There were no differences between groups on BIS (p=0.60), suggesting …
Positive And Negative Effects Of Various Coaching Styles On Player Performance And Development
Positive And Negative Effects Of Various Coaching Styles On Player Performance And Development
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
This review highlights the important role that coaches play in the physical and psychological development and performance of athletes under their stewardship; it also explores various types of techniques used by coaches to accomplish their goals and objectives and examines the effectiveness of these coaching techniques on the players and their ability to perform on the field. Two main ideals will be considered: the coaching techniques and the effects of those techniques on the athletes. Though there are various methods of coaching, this review will use three examples of coaching methods. The result of this review may prompt coaches to …
Narcissism In Social Interactions: Measurement Design And Validation
Narcissism In Social Interactions: Measurement Design And Validation
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Narcissism, generally defined as selfish egotism, has a derogatory effect on personal relationships.In an effort to help employers and others anticipate and avoid social conflicts arising from narcissistic behavior, we created the Narcissism Sociability Index (NSI). Our hypothesis assessed narcissistic behavior in two domains, grandiose state of mind and severely disturbed social relations, in an attempt to shorten the previously established Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI. Raskin & Hall,1979). The NSI is a 10-question self-report measure using a 6-point Likert scale. We used a convenience sample consisting of 105 Brigham Young University (BYU) students, their families, and friends. The NSI had …
Gender & Visiting Hours: Male And Female Adherence To The Visiting Hours As Stated By The Byu Honor Code
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The intent of this study is to examine how closely males and females attending Brigham Young University report to adhering to The University’s Honor Code regarding visiting hours, which are from 9 a.m. until midnight. Three-hundred-nineteen single students participated in our survey. The survey asked a series of integrity-based questions related to whether or not the participant complied with The University’s strict Honor Code. There was no significant statistical difference between male and female knowledge of the visiting hours as outlined in the Honor Code. However, males reported they were less likely than females to adhere to the visiting hours …
Sexual Violence In South Africa: A Review Of The Literature
Sexual Violence In South Africa: A Review Of The Literature
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Sexual and nonsexual violence are perpetrated in South Africa at an alarming rate. While the precise rates of these phenomena are unknown, several attempts have been made to estimate these as well as factors that contribute to violence in South Africa, specifically sexual violence. Within the literature there are three probable factors that drive sexual violence in South Africa: gender norms, economic adversity, and age hierarchies. Other factors that may contribute to sexual violence, such as religion, cultural norms, social myths, misconceptions about HIV/AIDS, and a violent national history, may be a result of or contribute to the gender, economic, …
Front Matter 8.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
The Positive Effects Of Fathering And The Negative Effects Of A Father’S Absence In The Lives Of Children From Infancy To Early Adulthood: A Review Of The Literature
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Paternal involvement is a crucial variable in the development of a child’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors. The negative effects of a father’s absence present many risk factors for children. This review of the literature seeks to combine the research surrounding the positive effects that paternal involvement yields in the lives of children, the negative effects of a father’s absence, the various variables that impede paternal involvement, and the possible interventions or replacements for fathers in the lives of children. Although many impeding factors have been identified, little research has been done to find a possible intervention. According to the research …
An Overview Of The Nature–Nurture Debate And A Proposed New Paradigm
An Overview Of The Nature–Nurture Debate And A Proposed New Paradigm
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The roots of the nature-nurture debate within psychology are briefly reviewed. Nature (that is, genetic influence) and nurture (social-environmental influence) offer two distinct perspectives on human personality and behavior. However, despite their differences, the two perspectives are philosophically identical in that both, when carried to the extreme, result in the disintegration of personal accountability and agency. The arguments for nature and for nurture imply an outward locus of control: either one’s genes or one’s history of social influences may be considered to adequately account for how a person behaves. Neither of these arguments gives an individual control over one’s course …
Self-Esteem
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Although self-esteem is a well-researched topic, there are some aspects of self-esteem that have been left out of the research. The I’ve Got Self-Esteem Questionnaire (IGSEQ), a 10-item measure, seeks to balance the existing research focusing on mother-figure support and inborn aspects of appearance by conversely evaluating self-esteem through the domains of father-figure support and controllable aspects of appearance, such as personal hygiene and grooming. Using a 4-point Likert scale, the IGSEQ was administered to a convenience sample of 101 college-age students (64 female and 37 male). The IGSEQ demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = .73) and had acceptable content …
Latter-Day Saint Religious Media And Perfectionsim
Latter-Day Saint Religious Media And Perfectionsim
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Links between exposure to religious media and perfectionism were investigated in 121 Latter-day Saint (LDS), Brigham Young University students. Random assignment was given to view an LDS religious video or no video, after which participants filled out a questionnaire assessing the effects of LDS media on perfectionism. The 35- item Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) scored students’ perfectionism. Our hypothesis, that viewing an LDS religious video would increase adaptive perfectionism scores and decrease maladaptive scores, was not supported. However, a post-hoc analysis showed a significant interaction effect between gender and video exposure among single participants. Unmarried males had lower perfectionism …
Notetaking And Recall Of Auditory And Visual Information: A Pilot Study
Notetaking And Recall Of Auditory And Visual Information: A Pilot Study
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Does notetaking affect performance on recall tests? Past research has generally found that notetaking improves performance, but all of these studies have focused on recall of auditory information. The current study was intended as a pilot study to examine the effect of notetaking method on both immediate and delayed recall, as well as both audio and visual recall. Eighteen undergraduate psychology students in the same psychology class at a major, private university watched a 5-minute video clip and then immediately completed a 29-question test. When tested 48 hours later, participants completed a similar 29-question test. Though no significant statistical results …
The Rise Of Single-Child Families: Psychologically Harming The Child?
The Rise Of Single-Child Families: Psychologically Harming The Child?
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The number of single-child families continues to increase yearly due to financial burdens, social contexts, and even governmental restraints (Wong, 2005). While having only one child might be easier financially (Griffin, 2002), what are the psychological costs of single-child families in relation to an only-child? This literature review explains how despite only-children typically being more creative and intellectual, many problems surface due to having no siblings. It is generally found that only-children lack social and emotional ability because of not having siblings with which to interact. Only-children also tend to experience increased parental pressure. These problems typically last throughout an …
Interview With Current Graduate Students
Interview With Current Graduate Students
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Botox Injections On Cognitive-Emotional Experience
Effects Of Botox Injections On Cognitive-Emotional Experience
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Emotional experience is a complex neurological process highly dependent on the ability to express emotion behaviorally. Facial expression, specifically, plays a critical role in interpreting others’ emotions and responding appropriately. This review examines the current literature about the impact of botox injections on emotional experience, including recognition and empathy. Results show that botox may severely limit cognitive-emotional responses to others’ emotions, especially stronger emotions such as anger. This leads to the conclusion that botox injections may inhibit emotional connections to others.
Music Therapy For Intimate Partner Abuse
Music Therapy For Intimate Partner Abuse
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Intimate partner abuse (IPA) affects as many as 1.5 million U.S. women annually. The most notable psychological effects include depression and stress. Related effects of stress include anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Women with a history of IPA may experience impaired physical health as well. Treatments for these symptoms often have harmful side effects. Music therapy is an option for many victims, given its positive effects on stress and anxiety. Despite the deep connection between stress and depression, there is little published research on the effects of music therapy on depression. Thus providing an incentive for further research in …
Brainwaves And Nuerofeedback: Understanding And Treating Brain Dysregulation In Adhd
Brainwaves And Nuerofeedback: Understanding And Treating Brain Dysregulation In Adhd
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Neurons communicate with each other through electrochemical signals which can be measured as wave-like patterns. The brain typically uses cues from the environment to regulate these brainwave patterns. Yet overly dominant or other dysfunctional patterns may produce brainwave dysregulation and accompanying behavioral problems. Brainwave dysregulation is detected through indications of abnormal brainwave ratios as measured by EEG equipment. Neurofeedback is a form of biofeedback that allows individuals to change deregulated brainwave rhythms (biofeedback is a type of alternative medicine that trains patients to regulate internal processes using operant conditioning). Neurofeedback has proven to be an effective treatment for those with …
The Promotion Of Adolescent Problem Drinking Through Social Attitudes And Pressures
The Promotion Of Adolescent Problem Drinking Through Social Attitudes And Pressures
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
About 80% of adolescents in the United States are experimenting with alcohol by age 15 (Davies, 2012). A major factor in this rate of alcohol use can be explained by adolescent’s propensity for learning from their environment (Tomilson & Brown, 2012). Unfortunately, the current social climate teenagers are experiencing could be promoting alcohol involvement (Coker & Borders, 2001). This review examines the impact of several social attitudes and pressures contributing to adolescent problem drinking. Further understanding of these factors may be valuable to parents and professionals aiming to prevent the development of problem adolescent drinking behaviors.
The Development Of A Rating Scale For Humor Sensitivity
The Development Of A Rating Scale For Humor Sensitivity
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Humor therapy has been growing in popularity in recent years and is now widely accepted as a viable method of therapy. This increase in popularity has brought the need to measure individual sensitivity to humor in order to predict whether prospective clients would be a good fit for humor therapy. The Humor Sensitivity Scale (HSS) contains 10 items specific to two domains: physical manifestations and cognitive appeal. Factor analysis of scale results identified a third factor, namely, social facilitation. Although Cronbach’s alpha ( α=.68) was significant, this was explained by the low content-validity ratio (CVR) of two of the scale …
Emotions In Conflict Resolution: A New Model Of Constructive Conflict
Emotions In Conflict Resolution: A New Model Of Constructive Conflict
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Conflict is basic to living, and emotion is fundamental to the emergence and resolution of conflict. Early theoretical approaches to emotion described it in terms of physiological states, but more recent research points to its connection to cognitive appraisal and goal progress. Specifically, emotion is characterized as mediating between cognition and behavior. This review identifies shortcomings of the “emotion as a mediator” approach, including its overemphasis on negative emotions as well as its failure to consider the complicated role of human agency. A new model is proposed that incorporates constrained agency, positive emotion, and cognitive appraisal as components of a …
The Differential Effectiveness Of Survey Recruiting Methods
The Differential Effectiveness Of Survey Recruiting Methods
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Participant recruitment in survey research is an essential part of many research studies, especially those conducted in academic settings. The purpose of this study was to determine the current, most-effective methods of recruitment. We used four methods to administer the same survey. They included the traditional methods of classroom presentation and face-to-face recruitment using fliers, and the more recent methods of mass e-mails to class lists and social-network mass messaging. We analyzed the data using a chi-square test to compare and determine the most effective method of recruitment. We found that recruitment through the social-networking site Facebook was the most …
Exercise, Brain Plasticity, And Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factors
Exercise, Brain Plasticity, And Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factors
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Physical exercise influences neurobiological processes and cognitive abilities. For example, it increases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein responsible for maintaining synaptic connections as well as neuronal development, growth, and survival. The increase of BDNF promotes brain plasticity and has been shown to aid recovery from brain injuries, as well as to improve cognitive function in older adults. Recent studies with well-exercised rats showed strong, positive correlations between BDNF levels, cognitive performance in maze tasks, and recovery from fluid-percussion injuries to the hippocampus. Currently researchers are focusing on whether exercise prevents neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and …
Later-Life Hoarders: Clinical Symptomatic Progression And Multi-Faceted Clinical Interventions
Later-Life Hoarders: Clinical Symptomatic Progression And Multi-Faceted Clinical Interventions
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The age at onset and the clinical symptomatic progression of hoarding behaviors through successive decades are important factors in concerting appropriate interventions for later-life hoarders. The onset of hoarding begins at an early age, progresses in severity with each season of life, and has serious personal and social consequences. If left unimpeded, hoarders’ lives often become sufficiently maladjusted to require professional interventions, which should be multi-faceted to relieve symptoms more successfully and resolve underlying emotional issues for later-life hoarders. Multi-faceted interventions may play a key role in countering chronic hoarding behaviors and related personal dysfunction in older individuals.
Front Matter 10.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.