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Articles 1 - 30 of 112
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Factors Impacting Treatment Decisions In Caregivers Of Autistic Children, Tiffany Harris
Factors Impacting Treatment Decisions In Caregivers Of Autistic Children, Tiffany Harris
Dissertations
Caregivers of autistic children are not only tasked with deciding upon various treatment options for their children’s symptoms but must also navigate the initial crisis that is experienced after receiving a diagnosis of ASD for their children (Blancher, 1984; Ellis, 1989). Leventhal’s Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation (the CSM; Leventhal et al., 1980) is a theoretical framework developed to understand the self-regulatory processes involved in adapting to and managing health threats and posits that cognitive and emotional illness perceptions influence illness outcomes through coping behaviors. This is the first study to examine all major components of the CSM (i.e., cognitive …
The Influence Of Working Memory And Anxiety In Adolescents, Donna M. Ward
The Influence Of Working Memory And Anxiety In Adolescents, Donna M. Ward
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Literature supports a reliable link between lower working memory (WM) performance and higher anxiety, and both anxiety and WM are reported as comorbid with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). This study sought to understand to what extent WM deficits and anxiety exists in adolescent NDD and non-NDD groups. Participants (N = 11,400; ages 9-10) were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study archived dataset, with the approval of the NIMH approval. Participants in the dataset were recruited from 21 sites across the U.S. A Mann-Whitney U test, comparing the NDD (N=2756) and non-NDD (N=8644) groups was statistically significant, noting a …
Universally Accessible: An Investigation Of College Accommodations For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder In The United States And Netherlands, Mikayla "Mak" Pennington
Universally Accessible: An Investigation Of College Accommodations For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder In The United States And Netherlands, Mikayla "Mak" Pennington
Global Honors Theses
With the global prevalence rate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) increasing in post-secondary institutions, such as colleges and universities, having accessibility to accommodations becomes important to ensure ASD undergraduate students’ success. Many colleges and universities are required to provide accommodations for students with disabilities, yet often students with ASD find the accommodations given do not meet their individual needs or believe they would not benefit from the accommodations the disability support officers (DSOs) provide. Moreover, studies found that students in their first year of college find college more challenging due to the transition from secondary to post-secondary education. Programs to …
The Effects Of Classroom Integration On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Makena Johnson
The Effects Of Classroom Integration On Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Makena Johnson
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Inclusion refers to the practice of fully educating students with special learning and/or behavioral needs within the traditional classroom. Such students participate in age-appropriate classes for the entirety of the school day, integrating them into the general school program with the intent to foster successful academic and social outcomes. Because inclusion is often driven by the desire to promote social integration, disorders that involve social dysfunction may be associated with additional challenges that hamper any potential inclusive benefits. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one such candidate. This literature review aims to integrate research exploring the impact of separating or including …
Enhancing Early Detection: Improving Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Processes, Emilio Gray
Enhancing Early Detection: Improving Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Processes, Emilio Gray
Psychology Honors Projects
Early identification and intervention of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been well-established as extremely important for developmental outcomes, as the most efficacious treatments for the disorder occur prior to five years of age (McCarty & Frye, 2020). In this paper, divided into two chapters, I examine potential changes to the ASD diagnostic process to aid the goal of early intervention.
In Chapter 1, I discuss how modifications to current gold-standard diagnostic tools could help with this goal. Efforts to improve early detection and intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have led to the development of screening and diagnostic tools such …
The Impact Of Repeated Reading Intervention On Oral Reading Fluency For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd) In Saudi Arabia, Ahmed Al Naji
The Impact Of Repeated Reading Intervention On Oral Reading Fluency For Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd) In Saudi Arabia, Ahmed Al Naji
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The prevalence rate of learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has risen concurrently with their inclusion into public schools in Saudi Arabia. Being in schools, they face academic challenges, particularly in reading. This increased rate evokes the importance of implementing valuable strategies to keep up the academic skills of those students. These students require Evidence-Based Practices (EBPs), which have been demonstrated crucial for their reading development. Nevertheless, limited research has been done on examining the efficacy of EBPs used to enhance the reading skills of learners with ASD, especially their Oral Reading Fluency (ORF). This study used an effective approach …
Behavioral And Eye-Movement Correlates Of Item-Specific And Relational Memory In Autism, Greta Nicole Minor
Behavioral And Eye-Movement Correlates Of Item-Specific And Relational Memory In Autism, Greta Nicole Minor
Theses and Dissertations
Recent work has challenged past findings that documented relational memory impairments in autism. Previous studies have often relied solely on explicit behavioral responses to assess relational memory integrity, but successful performance on behavioral tasks may rely on other cognitive abilities (e.g., executive functioning) that are impaired in some autistic individuals. Eye-tracking tasks do not require explicit behavioral responses, and, further, eye movements provide an indirect measure of memory. The current study examined whether memory-specific viewing patterns toward scenes differ between autistic and non-autistic individuals. Using a long-term memory paradigm that equated for complexity between item and relational memory tasks, participants …
Self-Perceived Stigma Of Caregivers With Children On The Autism Spectrum In Latin America, Leah Michelle Jara
Self-Perceived Stigma Of Caregivers With Children On The Autism Spectrum In Latin America, Leah Michelle Jara
Theses and Dissertations
With the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) continuing to spread along with limited knowledge on the disorder’s service accessibility, many caregivers are required to care for lifelong obligations, often at the sake of their own mental, physiological, and emotional health. This study aimed to explore self-perceived stigmas of caregivers in Latin America based on predictors including demographics, severity, and type of healthcare coverage. Participants included 2483 caregivers in Latin America who completed a survey targeting the challenges, priorities, barriers to care, and stigma they face caring for an individual with autism. Findings showed that age had a weak inverse …
The Impact Of Music Therapy On Language Acquisition In Children With Nonverbal Autism, Alecia Bernau
The Impact Of Music Therapy On Language Acquisition In Children With Nonverbal Autism, Alecia Bernau
Senior Honors Theses
Through an experimental method, the researcher investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more likely to develop verbal communication skills after consistent exposure to songs with lyrics. Six children with nonverbal ASD were exposed to the same song with lyrics, with the goal of increased vocalization and language acquisition. Over nine sessions, subjects were pulled to participate in the experiment. The researcher played the song for the participants, recording the responses from each trial and categorizing them as either full words, verbal approximations, or miscellaneous verbalizations. The findings of the study suggest that there is a relationship between …
Parental Perspectives On The Social Communication Between Adolescent Females Diagnosed With High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder And Their Typically Developing Older Siblings: A Case Study, Victoria Suzette Paxton
Parental Perspectives On The Social Communication Between Adolescent Females Diagnosed With High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder And Their Typically Developing Older Siblings: A Case Study, Victoria Suzette Paxton
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Verbal social communication and nonverbal social communication have been documented as a source of deficiency in adolescents with high-functioning (H-F) autism. Likewise, adolescent females with autism reported an increase in social communication difficulties as they aged into adolescence. While the positive impact on social communication in children with autism by older siblings has been documented, there is no such research that has investigated the nonverbal and verbal social communication characteristics among adolescent females with high-functioning autism and their typically developing older siblings (Ben-Itzchak et al., 2016). In the following research study, parental perspectives on the social communication between female adolescents …
Adaptive Functioning And Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptom Severity In Childhood: Parent Perception Vs Clinician Rating, Corin Lillian Osborn
Adaptive Functioning And Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptom Severity In Childhood: Parent Perception Vs Clinician Rating, Corin Lillian Osborn
Theses and Dissertations
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurocognitive developmental disorder that impacts over one percent of the population. As of 2016, one in 64 children were diagnosed with ASD by four years of age, with males receiving the diagnosis 3.5 times more often than females (Shaw et al. 2020). Research also indicates that ASD prevalence varies by socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity (Diguiseppi et al., 2016). These differences may be a result of differential access to resources, a connection between SES and race/ethnicity, measure sensitivity to child sex, cultural differences in sensitivity to symptomatology, or a true difference in ASD presentation. …
Parent Perspectives On How The Covid-19 Pandemic Affected Symptoms Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Their Children, Desiree Marie Vanderlick
Parent Perspectives On How The Covid-19 Pandemic Affected Symptoms Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Their Children, Desiree Marie Vanderlick
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Autism is a disorder that is characterized by struggles with socialization anddevelopmental delays that often involve much guidance and support. The purpose of this study was to explain the experience of parents as they attempted to manage behaviors related to symptoms of autism during the worldwide quarantine prompted by COVID-19. This study aimed to close the gap in literature and explore to see if there were any concerns that could be addressed by future studies. The study was framed around Bowen’s theory, which addresses emotions within a family unit, and the interdependence theory, which addresses how humans thrive to be …
Focusing On Friendship: Online Supported Activities For Adolescents On The Autism Spectrum, Molly King
Focusing On Friendship: Online Supported Activities For Adolescents On The Autism Spectrum, Molly King
Psychology Doctoral Specialization Projects
A core feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is social skills differences. Social skills groups have received support as an intervention that fosters social skills of those with ASD. However, there is limited information about the use of telehealth-based social skills groups. The proposed ASD adolescent social group design is formatted for telehealth services, and has been conducted virtually since 2020. This ASD social group program features unique virtual teaching and recreational activity curriculum as well as some program evaluation data methods and responses from participants.
Exploring Goal Setting And Motivational Experiences For Adult Workers With Autism, Daniel Ball
Exploring Goal Setting And Motivational Experiences For Adult Workers With Autism, Daniel Ball
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractWhile the heterogeneity of autism for adults has been much more accepted over the past 40 years, research still has a broad gap to fill as there is scarce empirical evidence on how interventions, such as motivational tactics, need to be adapted to meet individual abilities and needs. Also, the number of workers entering the workforce each year is growing as a ratio. It is posited by various authors that one in 52 people are now diagnosed as having the disorder and this number has doubled over the past decade. Furthermore, 80% of this population is underemployed or unemployed, representing …
Promoting Music Therapy Referrals For Neurodivergent Children, Benjamin M. Glickman
Promoting Music Therapy Referrals For Neurodivergent Children, Benjamin M. Glickman
Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects
Music therapy is perhaps an underutilized, underfunded, and undervalued part of the tool kit available to physicians, parents and children with ASD and other developmental disabilities within Clinton County. There are opportunities to increase referrals for music therapy for children receiving care at the CVPH Family Medicine Center and within the county.
Exploring Goal Setting And Motivational Experiences For Adult Workers With Autism, Daniel Ball
Exploring Goal Setting And Motivational Experiences For Adult Workers With Autism, Daniel Ball
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractWhile the heterogeneity of autism for adults has been much more accepted over the past 40 years, research still has a broad gap to fill as there is scarce empirical evidence on how interventions, such as motivational tactics, need to be adapted to meet individual abilities and needs. Also, the number of workers entering the workforce each year is growing as a ratio. It is posited by various authors that one in 52 people are now diagnosed as having the disorder and this number has doubled over the past decade. Furthermore, 80% of this population is underemployed or unemployed, representing …
Parent Perspectives On How The Covid-19 Pandemic Affected Symptoms Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Their Children, Desiree Marie Vanderlick
Parent Perspectives On How The Covid-19 Pandemic Affected Symptoms Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Their Children, Desiree Marie Vanderlick
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Autism is a disorder that is characterized by struggles with socialization anddevelopmental delays that often involve much guidance and support. The purpose of this study was to explain the experience of parents as they attempted to manage behaviors related to symptoms of autism during the worldwide quarantine prompted by COVID-19. This study aimed to close the gap in literature and explore to see if there were any concerns that could be addressed by future studies. The study was framed around Bowen’s theory, which addresses emotions within a family unit, and the interdependence theory, which addresses how humans thrive to be …
Dysregulation Of Complement System In Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Mini Review, Danny Perez Sierra, Ashutosh Tripathi, Anilkumar Pillai
Dysregulation Of Complement System In Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Mini Review, Danny Perez Sierra, Ashutosh Tripathi, Anilkumar Pillai
Student and Faculty Publications
Complement system is one of the most important defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. In addition to their roles in immune regulation, complement proteins are also involved in neurodevelopment and adult brain plasticity. Complement dysregulation has been shown in neurodevelopmental disorders including schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder as well as in mood disorders. A number of clinical as well as genetic studies suggest the role of complement proteins in the cortical thinning and excessive synaptic pruning frequently associated with schizophrenia. The changes in complement proteins are also associated with the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder, major depressive disorder and …
Age Of Diagnosis, Service Access, And Rights Of Autistic Individuals In Argentina: Caregivers Reports Of Changes And Similarities Across Time, María Cecilia Montenegro, Estefani Bernal, Sebastián Cukier, Daniel Valdez, Alexia Rattazzi, Gabriela Garrido, Analía Rosoli, Cristiane Silvestre Paula, Ricardo Garcia, Cecilia Montiel-Nava
Age Of Diagnosis, Service Access, And Rights Of Autistic Individuals In Argentina: Caregivers Reports Of Changes And Similarities Across Time, María Cecilia Montenegro, Estefani Bernal, Sebastián Cukier, Daniel Valdez, Alexia Rattazzi, Gabriela Garrido, Analía Rosoli, Cristiane Silvestre Paula, Ricardo Garcia, Cecilia Montiel-Nava
Psychological Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
Background: Many countries have developed health initiatives to protect those with disabilities and developmental concerns in the past few years. However, the needs of autistic individuals are still short of being fulfilled. Partially due to limited research expenditure, which would allow bridging the gap between evidence and practice, the long time it takes to implement passed laws, and the limited operationalization of inclusive policies.
Objective: To quantitatively examine changes in the child's age at the time of caregiver's first developmental concerns and age of diagnosis of their autistic child across 5 years. Also, to address challenges experienced by caregivers (e.g., …
The Acceptability And Feasibility Of Virtual Parent Acceptance And Commitment Therapy Groups: A Feasibility Study, Abigail Elizabeth Moretti
The Acceptability And Feasibility Of Virtual Parent Acceptance And Commitment Therapy Groups: A Feasibility Study, Abigail Elizabeth Moretti
Theses and Dissertations
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience higher rates of anxiety, depression, and poor overall well-being, particularly when their child also engages in challenging behavior (e.g., self-injury, aggression, property destruction). Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), which encourages psychological flexibility and attending to the present moment, is particularly suited for this population because parents of children with ASD experience high stress levels and difficulty with adaptive coping. The aim of the current study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of implementing virtual ACT groups with parents of children with ASD and co-occurring challenging behavior. Participants attended an in-person …
Implications For Cross-Training Between Applied Behavior Analysis And Speech-Language Pathology, Katherine Lynn Isaacson
Implications For Cross-Training Between Applied Behavior Analysis And Speech-Language Pathology, Katherine Lynn Isaacson
Speech and Hearing Sciences Publications
This paper is to provide clarity about the overlaps between the fields of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) and speech-language pathology, including evaluation, assessment, intervention planning, and treatment of language development, nine articles were selected for a review of terms and definitions, philosophical and theoretical underpinnings, and licensure/certification requirements pertaining to both scopes of practice. Behavior analysts and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are likely to provide intervention alongside one another due to their frequent provision of intervention with individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite broad, initial overlaps between the professions, the required educational coursework, supervised fieldwork and clinical practicums, and …
Drama Therapy Interventions That Support Students With Asd During Covid-19, Olivia Reyes
Drama Therapy Interventions That Support Students With Asd During Covid-19, Olivia Reyes
Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses
Due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic that began in December 2019, many people experienced traumatic losses, environmental stressors, and overall daily challenges. One of the populations most at risk during this time were those with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Those with mental health illness and developmental differences are experiencing the pandemic in different ways. Individuals with ASD tend to have both developmental differences and mental health challenges that motivate individuals to seek medicinal and therapeutic help, along with other services to support their daily needs. This literature review addresses the negative and positive impacts COVID-19 has had on the …
Applied Behavior Analysis Therapy For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder And The Impact Of Environment On Treatment Outcomes, James Adkins
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) effects growing numbers of children and effective treatment is essential for families to overcome the challenges associated with ASD. Applied behavior analysis treatment has been tailored to address the unique learning needs of children with ASD. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which treatment environment impacted language milestones and barriers among children with ASD. Behaviorism and applied behavior analysis served as the framework for the study. A nonexperimental quantitative mixed design with two independent variables was used. The between-subjects independent variable was type of treatment environment (home vs. clinic). The within-subjects …
A Literature Resource For Those Supporting Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Cancer, Kaylee James
A Literature Resource For Those Supporting Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Cancer, Kaylee James
Psychology Doctoral Specialization Projects
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts both social interaction and patterns of behavior. ASD is rooted in genetic, biological, and environmental causes. Cancer begins when cells grow out of control and there is also a genetic and biological cause of cancer. There is an overlap between the genetic and biological causes of ASD and cancer. As a result, evidence supports an increased risk of developing some types of cancer as well as protective factors for some times of cancer for individuals with ASD. Therefore, individuals with ASD may be at a heightened risk to develop cancer, …
Future Possibilities For Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Nicolas Leonardi
Future Possibilities For Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Nicolas Leonardi
Capstone Projects and Master's Theses
Autism Spectrum Disorder’s nature of presenting socially awkward behaviors creates barriers for those with ASD in the job interview process. This problem raises questions on how the interview process can be redefined to be more inclusive. Dillenburger et al. conducted a study on interventions provided for individuals with ASD. The study concluded that most jobs do not provide an appropriate job interview process for those with ASD. Solomon et al. and Maras et al. both conducted studies that highlighted the social behaviors presented by individuals with ASD that prevented them from being hired during the job interview process. Both of …
The Relationship Between Type Of Parental First Concerns And Severity Of Developmental Delays In Toddlers With Autism Or Developmental Delay, Joshua J. Montrenes
The Relationship Between Type Of Parental First Concerns And Severity Of Developmental Delays In Toddlers With Autism Or Developmental Delay, Joshua J. Montrenes
LSU Master's Theses
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive behaviors. The impairments which are commonly associated with ASD manifest during early development as delayed speech or impaired social skills, for example. These early indicators are often noticed by parents who convey concern to medical professionals. Research has found associations between these early parental concerns and a later diagnosis of autism, noting their predictive validity. Research has yet to address the relationship between types of parental concerns and developmental functioning. This study examined whether certain parent reported concerns are more predictive of impaired …
A Systematic Review Of The Literature On The Assessments Used For Social Communication In The Diagnosis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rachel E. Kim
A Systematic Review Of The Literature On The Assessments Used For Social Communication In The Diagnosis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rachel E. Kim
Masters Theses
This review of the literature aims to analyze the current assessments available for clinicians, parents, and other professionals to use during the diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that specifically addresses social communication. Although ASD can be diagnosed as early as the age of 2, children are often not diagnosed until the age of 4-5 years old. Especially for children who would be diagnosed with ASD and require Level 2 and/or Level 3 supports, early diagnosis can lead to early intervention which can help to provide the necessary support for both the child and family. Early intervention can help to …
Using Theatre To Teach Social Skills To Students On The Autism Spectrum, Meaghan Nicole Ritchie
Using Theatre To Teach Social Skills To Students On The Autism Spectrum, Meaghan Nicole Ritchie
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Theatre-based interventions are an emerging field to improve social skills in individuals with autism. This study analyzed 10 different articles using theatre-based interventions, combined with evidence-based practices, to increase social skills deficits in students, ages 8-17, diagnosed with autism. Results indicate improvement in social skills for individuals with autism after participating in theatre-based interventions.
A Review Of Manualized Behavioral Parent Training Interventions For Young Children With Problem Behavior, Khendal I. Robinson
A Review Of Manualized Behavioral Parent Training Interventions For Young Children With Problem Behavior, Khendal I. Robinson
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Behavioral parent training (BPT) interventions have been developed to aid in the treatment of children with problem behavior. The goals of these interventions are to reduce child specific problem behavior and improve skills, and enhance parenting skills and competence. However, more information is needed on the manualized BPT interventions in particular, on children and parents who benefited from the BPT interventions, any individualized cultural adaptations made for families from diverse cultural backgrounds, and training provided to the parents to help them address their children’ problem behavior during family routines. Therefore, this study reviewed literature on BPT interventions, in particular, single …
Refining The Characterization Of Causation In Early Childhood Neuropsychiatric Conditions: Nature, Nurture, And Time, Rachael Elizabeth Wagner
Refining The Characterization Of Causation In Early Childhood Neuropsychiatric Conditions: Nature, Nurture, And Time, Rachael Elizabeth Wagner
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Understanding causal factors in the development of early childhood neuropsychiatric conditions is essential for an understanding of disease mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Yet the lack of objective classification of psychiatric diagnoses, phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and extensive comorbidity have posed immense challenges to the acquisition of knowledge regarding neuropsychiatric disease etiology. While it is unequivocally established that nearly all psychiatric conditions are substantially heritable, non-genetic factors do play a role in the development of psychopathology. This thesis explores both genetic and environmental contributors to neuropsychiatric conditions in an attempt to refine the characterization of some of these risk factors. …