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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
The Effects Of Frontal Lobe Functioning And Age On Veridical And False Recall, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
The Effects Of Frontal Lobe Functioning And Age On Veridical And False Recall, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
Jason C.K. Chan
Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri Older adults’ heightened susceptibility to false memories has been linked to compromised frontal lobe functioning as estimated by Glisky and colleagues’ (Glisky, Polster, & Routhieaux, 1995) neuropsychological battery (e.g., Butler, McDaniel, Dornburg, Price, & Roediger, 2004). This conclusion, however, rests on the untested assumption that young adults have uniformly high frontal functioning. We tested this assumption, and we correlated younger and older adults’ frontal scores with veridical and false recall probabilities with prose materials. Substantial variability in scores on the Glisky battery occurred for younger (and older) adults. However, frontal scores and age were independent …
The Testing Effect In Recognition Memory: A Dual Process Account, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
The Testing Effect In Recognition Memory: A Dual Process Account, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott
Jason C.K. Chan
The testing effect, or the finding that taking an initial test improves subsequent memory performance, is a robust and reliable phenomenon--as long as the final test involves recall. Few studies have examined the effects of taking an initial recall test on final recognition performance, and results from these studies are equivocal. In 3 experiments, we attempt to demonstrate that initial testing can change the ways in which later recognition decisions are executed even when no difference can be detected in the recognition hit rates. Specifically, initial testing was shown to enhance later recollection but leave familiarity unchanged. This conclusion emerged …
Retrieval-Induced Facilitation: Initially Nontested Material Can Benefit From Prior Testing Of Related Materia, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott, Henry L. Roediger Iii
Retrieval-Induced Facilitation: Initially Nontested Material Can Benefit From Prior Testing Of Related Materia, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott, Henry L. Roediger Iii
Jason C.K. Chan
Classroom exams can assess students' knowledge of only a subset of the material taught in a course. What are the implications of this approach for long-term retention? Three experiments (N = 210) examined how taking an initial test affects later memory for prose materials not initially tested. Experiment 1 shows that testing enhanced recall 24 hr later for the initially nontested material. This facilitation was not seen for participants given additional study opportunities without initial testing. Experiment 2 extends this facilitative effect to a within-subjects design. Experiment 3 demonstrates that this facilitation can be modulated by conscious strategies. These results …
The Importance Of Material-Processing Interactions In Inducing False Memories, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott, Jason M. Watson, David A. Gallo
The Importance Of Material-Processing Interactions In Inducing False Memories, Jason C.K. Chan, Kathleen B. Mcdermott, Jason M. Watson, David A. Gallo
Jason C.K. Chan
Deep encoding, relative to shallow encoding, has been shown to increase the probability of false memories in the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm (Thapar & McDermott, 2001; Toglia, Neuschatz, & Goodwin, 1999). In two experiments, we showed important limitations on the generalizability of this phenomenon; these limitations are clearly predicted by existing theories regarding the mechanisms underlying such false memories (e.g., Roediger, Watson, McDermott, & Gallo, 2001). Specifically, asking subjects to attend to phonological relations among lists of phonologically associated words (e.g.,weep, steep, etc.) increased the likelihood of false recall (Experiment 1) and false recognition (Experiment 2) of a related, nonpresented associate …