Psychology Commons^™

Effects Of Phenytoin On Schedule-Controlled Performance, Kathleen M. Krafft

Dissertations

The present studies examined the effects of acute and chronic administrations of phenytoin on the responding of pigeons and rats maintained under fixed-ratio, fixed-interval, and interresponse-time-greater-than-t schedules of food reinforcement. These schedules typically engender different rates and temporal patterns of responding and are often differentially affected by drugs. The results indicated that phenytoin, given acutely, produced dose-dependent decreases in the response rate of rats and pigeons maintained under fixed-ratio and fixed-interval schedules. Response rates under the fixed-interval and inter response-time-greater-than-t schedules were little affected by the drug. A degree of tolerance was observed to phenytoin's rate-decreasing effects when the drug …

Women’S Roles And Vulnerability To Depression, Monika Johanna Haussmann

Dissertations

In this study, social-psychological variables were explored in the etiology of depression in women. Depression was examined as a function of undesirable life events, occupational and marital roles, and four vulnerability variables: (a) high relational and low direct achieving style, (b) dominance of partner, (c) powerlessness, and (d) negative attitudes toward feminism. The purpose of the study was to examine whether women in varying occupational and marital status groups would differ in degree of depression, proposed vulnerability variables, and selected background variables. The relationship of vulnerability and background variables to depression was explored.

It was hypothesized that vulnerability variables and …

The Relationship Between Knowledge Of Teamwork, Satisfaction, And Perceived Performance Effectiveness Among Professional Human Service Teams, Sonya Monroe-Clay

Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship between knowledge of teamwork, performance, and satisfaction in members of human service teams. Team Knowledge was conceptualized as encompassing four critical areas: Personal-Interpersonal, Team Environment, Team Leadership, and Team Processing.

Research findings in the literature point to certain general benefits of the team model. Nevertheless, some teams are dysfunctional, which may be reflected in poor performance and low morale or satisfaction. Lack of knowledge about teamwork was identified as a possible contributor to such problems.

A major hypothesis of the present study was that there is a direct relationship between team knowledge and satisfaction, team …

A Nonvocal Method For Teaching Reading And Spelling To The Deaf, Amy A. Barmeier

Dissertations

Teaching reading and spelling to the deaf requires materials and methods which compensate for the two problems of the deaf child. The first is that the deaf typically have a small verbal history in either the sign language or lipreading modes. The second is that the deaf cannot identify unknown written words by phonetically sounding them out. In comparison, the hearing child has sophisticated sounding out skills and an extensive auditory-vocal history.

The seven experiments in this research investigated a method for teaching vocabulary comprehension and spelling to the deaf which assumed neither a verbal history with respect to the …

Peer Training Of High-Risk Low-Frequency Staff Behaviors In An Institutional Setting, Richard Aart Van Den Pol

Dissertations

Four experienced and four newly employed psychiatric attendants were assessed on their performance of three high-risk low-frequency behaviors during simulated emergencies. The three skills measured were Convulsive Seizure Management, Fire Safety Procedures, and Self-Defense. Each of the behaviors directly affected the safety and well-being of staff and retarded residents of the facility. The experienced employees, labelled "Trainers", received a series of workshops on how to perform and teach the requisite skills to other staff. Following each workshop, according to a multiple baseline across skills experimental design, the Trainers each taught one new staff member, labelled "Trainee" how to perform the …

The Interpersonal Dimensions Of Depression As Differentiated By Cognitive Style, Frederick Tobias Sulier

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between field dependence-independence cognitive style and the interpersonal behavior of depressives. The interpersonal behavior of depressives ranges from passive and withdrawn to hostile and aggressive. This wide variety of depressed interpersonal behavior has not been satisfactorily explained by research or clinical observation.

Reseach results have indicated that field dependent (FD) and field independent (FI) people differ in their interpersonal behavior. Nondepressed FD people are often oriented towards people, whereas nondepressed FI people are usually oriented away from other people. It was hypothesized that these interpersonal orientations would also apply to …

The Effects Of Rules And Videotape Training On Complex Observation Skills, Gerald L. Shook

Dissertations

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of rules and videotape training on the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of complex behavioral observation skills. A multiple baseline design across two groups of subjects (N = 17) was used. An initial pretest probe measured subjects' ability to score adult and child behavior shown in a set of five, 15- to 20-second videotape episodes. Child behavior was rated as appropriate, inappropriate, or unacceptable. The subsequent adult behavior was rated as correct or incorrect, as a function of the child behavior, in five categories: vocalization, eye contact, facial expression, physical contact, and back-up consequence. Mean …

Component Analysis Of A Behavioral-Supervisory System For Masters- And Doctoral-Level Research, Michael J. Dillon

Dissertations

This project describes a structured approach to the supervision of M.A. theses and Ph.D. dissertations. The main components of this supervisory system are: weekly (a)specification of tasks and performance standards, (b)meetings with a supervisor (either faculty or doctoral student), (c)deadlines, (d)feedback, and (e)added incentives in the form of a point system to be included by the student's faculty advisor in any requested letters of recommendation. In seven experiments, the student's research performance was highest when all components of the supervisory system were present; it deteriorated as each major component was removed. Compared to more traditional supervisory approaches, this system produced …

Staff Incentive Programs: The Effects Of Time Off And Monetary Compensation On Professional Service Delivery, Sharon L. Surratt

Dissertations

The effects of two staff incentive procedures, time off from work and additional monetary compensation in increasing the amount of time that professional counselors spent in direct service (client oriented) activities were compared. The participation of six outpatient counselors, three male and three female, enabled the assessment of the differential impact of these incentive procedures by sex of the counselor. Throughout the study, which lasted 30 weeks, daily records were kept on the amount of time counseling staff engaged in 18 predefined categories of staff behavior. Using a repeated measures design, time off from work and/or additional monetary compensation were …

The Stress Reducing Properties Of Five Intervening Variables, Edward R. Lyon

Dissertations

Current research has demonstrated a relationship between stress and subsequent psychological and/or physical dysfunction. It has been shown, however, that some organisms, both animal and human, are more resilient to stress than others. Several researchers have suggested that intervening variables available to the organism may play a role in stress resilience. Intervening variables have been defined as any resource which has stress reducing properties. Examples of proposed intervening variables include intelligence, wealth, reasoning, friends, and assertiveness. Although many resources have been suggested as possible intervening variables, there has been little scientific research into this area. The present study investigated the …

Response Rate, Latency, And Resistance To Change, Stephen Joseph Fath

Dissertations

Response rate has been criticized as an adequate measure of response strength on the basis that rate reflects the adventitious reinforcement of interresponse times. Nevin (1974, 1979) proposed relative resistance to change as an alternative measure. Nevin (1974) employed multiple-pacing schedules in which either high- or low-rate requirements were placed in tandem with either VI 1 min or VI 3 min schedules of reinforcement. The results suggested that low-rate responding may be more resistant to change when schedules are equated for reinforcement frequency. Fath and Malott (1979) replicated Nevin's experiment, but found no evidence that contingencies on response rate affect …

An Analysis Of Primary Prevention In A State Mental Health System, Salvatore Cullari

Dissertations

This study analyzed ten primary prevention demonstration projects located in various counties of Michigan. While only two programs showed significant post intervention effects, the amount of data available for interpretation was insufficient to allow any general conclusions. Problems encountered in program implementation and evaluation were cited, and procedures that may reduce these difficulties were discussed. A theoretical model for primary prevention based on a systems approach was also presented.

Cognitive Processing Style And Relaxation Training: A Comparison Of Emg Biofeedback Versus Directed Imagery As A Relaxation Technique, David J. Wakely

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Readmission Rates In A Drug Abuse Therapeutic Community: Evidence Of Treatment Failure Or Gradual Success?, Paul Fedirka

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Career Development Anxiety Trends In Chronic Alcoholics, James Dowding

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of A Social Skills Training Program On The Level Of Self-Awareness In Early Adolescence, Dennis J. Simon

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Developmental Model For The Supervision Of Psychotherapy: The Effect Of Level Of Experience On Trainees' Views Of Ideal Supervision, Sharon A. Moskowitz

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Self-Awareness Training Within The Context Of A Social Skills Program On The Level Of Empathy In Early Adolescence, Kathleen A. Kapp-Simon

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Shared-Caregiving Fathers In Intact Families: An Exploration Of Personality Characteristics, Motivations, And Antecedents, Charles Wolfson

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Origins Of Meditation: Perspectives Beyond The Scientific Research, Brad R. Heinz

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Processing Of Unattended Information: An Evaluation Of Current Explanations, Susan Gelmini Tammaro

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Maternal Expectations And Perceptions Of Newborns, Margery Salter

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Patterns Of Stress In Employees Of A General Medical Hospital, Kay Bienemann

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Relationships Among Gender, Casual Attribution And Depression, Joseph C. Yount

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Neuropsychological Investigation With Adult Downs Syndrome Subjects, Nancy Beard Scholle

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Course Of Thought Disorder At Acute And Posthospitalization Phases: With An Emphasis On The Roles Of Energy Level And Affective Disturbance, David J. Berndt

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Personal Helplessness Among Depressed Boys: Partial Resolution Of The Paradox Of Uncontrollability And Self-Blame, Fred M. Kerman

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Pretherapy Expectations, Situational Factors, Perception Of The Initial Interview And Premature Termination Of Outpatient Psycho-Therapy: A Multivariate Study, Ann Marie Timothy

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Short And Long Term Impact Of The Egan Human Relations Training Model On Empathy, Patrick J. Kennelly

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Evaluation Of Relaxation Training Strategies Utilizing Emg Biofeedback, Donald Miro

Dissertations

No abstract provided.