Psychology Commons^™

A Multi-Media Computer Application For Undergraduate Instruction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder As A Model, A. R. Arachy, Lisa (Miller) Zilinski, I. B. Johanson, L. M. Terry

Lisa Zilinski

The study of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can be used as a model to understand neuro-biological mechanisms of behavior. Neuropharmacological and neuroanatomical studies of children with ADHD can be used to stimulate interest in these fields incorporating both clinical and basic issues. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of a multi-media computer application (Hyperstudio) in the presentation of complex neurobiological material using ADHD as a clinical example. The growing availability of computers and multi-media software in educational settings can enhance lectures and increase the opportunity for interactive study by students. The purpose of this paper …

Power Relationships In Graduate Degree Supervision, Marcus R. Wigan

Marcus R Wigan

1. Where Researchers Fear To Tread: Interpretive Differences Among Testifying Experts In Child Sexual Abuse Cases., Thomas D. Lyon, Jonathan J. Koehler

Thomas D. Lyon

Neuropsychological Profile As A Predictor For Treatment Outcome, J. Buttermore, M. Lubinski, Lisa (Duque Miller) Zilinski, J. Marsden, M. Rosselli

Lisa Zilinski

Research has demonstrated significant cognitive and behavioral deficits after chronic cocaine abuse. The cognitive effects have proven to affect mainly memory, attention, and conceptual processing. Depression and some developmental abnormalities have been demonstrated to represent frequent associated conditions in drug-abusers. A group of 20 cocaine abusers from a drug rehabilitation center was selected. A matched normal control group was taken. Subjects received a neuropsychological evaluation, a neuropsychiatric questionnaire, and a personality test. Significant differences between control and experiment groups were observed in tests for memory and executive functions. Cocaine-abuse subjects were observed to present different personality profiles from the control …

Treatment Outcome Of Personality Disorders, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: To review the treatment outcome of personality disorders.

Method: A literature search of studies pertaining to personality disorder and outcome was conducted, and studies that focused primarily on Axis II were retained. Of these, naturalistic outcome studies were distinguished from those that addressed treatment outcome specifically. The treatment outcome studies were examined in terms of type of treatment intervention, dependent variables, and outcome.

Results: Contrary to contemporary assumptions about Axis II, a substantial number of treatment outcome studies were identified. Trends in the assumptions underlying psychosocial and pharmacologic approaches were identified on the basis of dependent variables.

Conclusion: There …

“Humans And Animals”? On Saying What We Mean., Nancy K. Dess, Clinton D. Chapman

Nancy K Dess

In the aftermath of Hurricane Andrew, we heard a radio journalist say, “Not only were humans affected by the storm, birds and animals were affected, too.” The eccentric taxonomy was jarring: Humans and birds are animals. That malapropism, however, was only a variant of a linguistic convention: use of the phrase humans and animals to distinguish humans categorically from all other animal species. In everyday parlance, animals means not, and less than, human. The "animals" in "animal hospitals" are understood not to be human; the insult is clear in a snarled, "You're an animal!" The human-animal convention is alive and …

The Interaction Of Diet And Stress In Rats: High-Energy Food And Sucrose Treatment., Nancy K. Dess, Seung Choe, Thomas R. Minor

Nancy K Dess

Exposure to inescapable shock typically reduces eating and body weight in rats. The present study examined the modulation of stress effects by prestress diet and poststress sugar availability. Maintenance on a high-fat, high-energy food attenuated stress-induced weight loss and anorexia and increased high-energy food selection when a low-energy wet mash was the only alternative. Access to sugar after stress also reduced short-term weight loss; among rats maintained on high-energy food, body weight was spared absolutely. The dependence of stress effects on pre- and poststress diet alternatives may speak to individual differences in the stress-eating relationship in humans. More generally, these …

Honors Thesis: Personality Profile Of Chronic Cocaine Abusers, Lisa Zilinski

Lisa Zilinski

Research has demonstrated personality disorders related to the use of cocaine. These personality disorders are antisocial, borderline, narcissistic, histrionic, and others. Significant cognitive and behavioral deficits are also found after chronic cocaine abuse. The cognitive effects have proven to affect memory, attention, and conceptual processing. Depression and some developmental abnormalities have been demonstrated to represent frequent associated conditions in drug-abusers. The object of this research was to summarize the personality disorders related to cocaine use and to describe any cognitive and neurocognitive deficits that may arise in chronic cocaine users. A group of 30 cocaine abusers from 2 drug rehabilitation …

Imaginings Of Parenthood: Artificial Insemination, Experts, Gender Relations, And Paternity, Jill G. Morawski

Jill G. Morawski

No abstract provided.

Event-Related Potentials And Serial Position Effects In A Visual Probe Recognition Task, Stephen L. Crites, James V. Devine, Dora I. Lozano, Selene Moreno

Stephen L Crites Jr.

In two experiments, we explored the utility of using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) evoked during picture recognition to examine the cognitive and neural processes underlying primacy and recency effects. Each experiment consisted of 210 trials in which a recognition probe followed a 12-picture sequence (105 match and 105 nonmatch trials). The 105 match-probe trials consisted of 35 trials in which the probe matched a prime memory set item (Positions 1–3), 35 in which the probe matched a middle memory set item (Positions 6–8), and 35 in which the probe matched a recent memory set item (Positions 10–12). Behavioral results revealed …

Predictors Of Student Satisfaction In University Residence Halls., John D. Foubert, Robin Tepper, Dan Morrison

John D. Foubert

Using a random sample of 1,000 students in college residence halls, a stepwise multiple regression was used to predict satisfaction with residence halls.

An All-Male Rape-Prevention Peer Education Program: Decreasing Fraternity Men’S Behavioral Intent To Rape., John D. Foubert, Marylu K. Mcewen

John D. Foubert

Participants were 155 fraternity men (88% White, mean age of 19.9, mostly sophomores and juniors) who were in either a pretested and posttested rape prevention program group, a posttested rape prevention program group, or an untreated control group. Significant declines in rape myth acceptance and behavioral intent to rape were shown among program participants regardless of whether they were pretested.

Changes In Patterns Of Thinking About Motion With L2 Acquisition, Gale Stam

Gale Stam, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

When And How Perfectionism Impedes The Brief Treatment Of Depression: Further Analyses Of The Nimh Tdcrp, Sidney J. Blatt, David C. Zuroff, Colin M. Bondi, Charles A. Sanislow, Paul A. Pilkonis

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Perfectionism has previously been identified as having a significant negative impact on therapeutic outcome at termination in the brief (16-week) treatment of depression (S. J. Blatt, D. M. Quinlan, P. A. Pilkonis, & T. Shea, 1995) as measured by the 5 primary outcome measures used in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program (TDCRP). The present analyses of other data from the TDCRP indicated that this impact of perfectionism on therapeutic outcome was also found in ratings by therapists, independent clinical evaluators, and the patients and that this effect persisted 18 months after termination. In …

4. Reasoning About Moral Aspects Of Illness And Treatment By Preschoolers Who Are Healthy Or Have A Chronic Illness., Pamela M. Kato, Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

The Unification Of Marketing And Assessment In Higher Education: A Model, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

A marketing assessment model that includes university outcome measures is presented. The model incorporates consumer expectations theory and marketing strategy. Findings indicate that student expectations vary among the undergraduate population. Marketing implications for student recruitment and retention efforts are offered

Merging Retention And Financial Aid In Enrollment Management By Market Segmentation, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald P

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

High school GPA, ACT score, academic effort, and financial need in predicting student retention risk are examined. The objective is to merge retention risk with financial aid and to explore the options available to the university. Financial aid leveraging is discussed in terms of product fit and positioning strategies

A Comparison Of Likert Response Formats In Student Affairs: The Abc's Of Assessment, Oscar T. Mcknight, Robin W. Gagnow, Sue Heimann

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

No abstract provided.