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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
When Given The Opportunity, Chimpanzees Maximize Personal Gain Rather Than "Level The Playing Field", Lydia M. Hopper, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Schapiro, Sarah F. Brosnan
When Given The Opportunity, Chimpanzees Maximize Personal Gain Rather Than "Level The Playing Field", Lydia M. Hopper, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Schapiro, Sarah F. Brosnan
Psychology Faculty Publications
We provided chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) with the ability to improve the quality of food rewards they received in a dyadic test of inequity.We were interested to see if this provision influenced their responses and, if so, whether it was mediated by a social partner’s outcomes. We tested eight dyads using an exchange paradigm in which, depending on the condition, the chimpanzees were rewarded with either high-value (a grape) or low-value (a piece of celery) food rewards for each completed exchange. We included four conditions. In the first, “Different” condition, the subject received different, less-preferred, rewards than their partner for each …
When Given The Opportunity, Chimpanzees Maximize Personal Gain Rather Than “Level The Playing Field”, Lydia M. Hopper, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Schapiro, Sarah F. Brosnan
When Given The Opportunity, Chimpanzees Maximize Personal Gain Rather Than “Level The Playing Field”, Lydia M. Hopper, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Schapiro, Sarah F. Brosnan
Psychology Faculty Publications
We provided chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) with the ability to improve the quality of food rewards they received in a dyadic test of inequity.We were interested to see if this provision influenced their responses and, if so, whether it was mediated by a social partner’s outcomes. We tested eight dyads using an exchange paradigm in which, depending on the condition, the chimpanzees were rewarded with either high-value (a grape) or low-value (a piece of celery) food rewards for each completed exchange. We included four conditions. In the first, “Different” condition, the subject received different, less-preferred, rewards than their partner …
Chimpanzees’ Socially Maintained Food Preferences Indicate Both Conservatism And Conformity, Lydia M. Hopper, Steven J. Schapiro, Susan P. Lambeth, Sarah F. Brosnan
Chimpanzees’ Socially Maintained Food Preferences Indicate Both Conservatism And Conformity, Lydia M. Hopper, Steven J. Schapiro, Susan P. Lambeth, Sarah F. Brosnan
Psychology Faculty Publications
Chimpanzees remain fixed on a single strategy, even if a novel, more efficient, strategy is introduced. Previous studies reporting such findings have incorporated paradigms in which chimpanzees learn one behavioural method and then are shown a new one that the chimpanzees invariably do not adopt. This study provides the first evidence that chimpanzees show such conservatism even when the new method employs the identical required behaviour as the first, but for a different reward. Groups of chimpanzees could choose to exchange one of two inedible tokens; one was rewarded with a highly preferred food (grape) and the other with a …
Mechanisms Underlying The Response To Inequitable Outcomes In Chimpanzees, Pan Troglodytes, Sarah F. Brosnan, Catherine Talbot, Megan Ahlgren, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Schapiro
Mechanisms Underlying The Response To Inequitable Outcomes In Chimpanzees, Pan Troglodytes, Sarah F. Brosnan, Catherine Talbot, Megan Ahlgren, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Schapiro
Psychology Faculty Publications
Several species of non-human primates respond negatively to inequitable outcomes, a trait shared with humans. Despite previous research, questions regarding the response to inequity remain. In this study, we replicated the methodology from previous studies to address four questions related to inequity. First, we explored the impact of basic social factors. Second, we addressed whether negative responses to inequity require a task, or exist when rewards are given for ‘free’. Third, we addressed whether differences in the experimental procedure or the level of effort required to obtain a reward affected responses. Finally, we explored the interaction between ‘individual’ expectations (based …
Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes) Do Not Develop Contingent Reciprocity In An Experimental Task, Sarah F. Brosnan, Joan B. Silk, Joseph Henrich, Mary C. Mareno, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Shapiro
Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes) Do Not Develop Contingent Reciprocity In An Experimental Task, Sarah F. Brosnan, Joan B. Silk, Joseph Henrich, Mary C. Mareno, Susan P. Lambeth, Steven J. Shapiro
Psychology Faculty Publications
Chimpanzees provide help to unrelated individuals in a broad range of situations. The pattern of helping within pairs suggests that contingent reciprocity may have been an important mechanism in the evolution of altruism in chimpanzees. However, correlational analyses of the cumulative pattern of interactions over time do not demonstrate that helping is contingent upon previous acts of altruism, as required by the theory of reciprocal altruism. Experimental studies provide a controlled approach to examine the importance of contingency in helping interactions. In this study, we evaluated whether chimpanzees would be more likely to provide food to a social partner from …