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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Fairness In Animals: Where To From Here?, Sarah F. Brosnan, Frans B.M. De Waal
Fairness In Animals: Where To From Here?, Sarah F. Brosnan, Frans B.M. De Waal
Psychology Faculty Publications
In the last decade, there has been an explosion of work investigating non-human species’ behavior as it relates to the human sense of fairness and justice. This work has provided a much-needed evolutionary perspective on humans, and highlighted ways in which humans’ behavior is both similar to and different from that of other species. In this concluding paper, we outline the major threads of the work highlighted in this and the previous special issues of Social Justice Research and provide thoughts on future directions for the field. This is a very exciting time in our exploration of the evolution of …
Introduction To “Justice In Animals”, Sarah F. Brosnan
Introduction To “Justice In Animals”, Sarah F. Brosnan
Psychology Faculty Publications
Although much is known about humans’ responses to inequity, little is known about similar responses in other species. The goal of these issues is to bring together researchers focusing on both humans and non-humans to provide a synthesis of our knowledge of non-human responses to inequity to date, and what these data tell us about the evolution of humans’ responses. In this Introduction, I provide a brief background, highlighting both areas in which differences among the related literatures emerge and the ways in which the comparative approach can provide insight in to this question. As becomes clear in these issues, …
A Hypothesis Of The Co-Evolution Of Cooperation And Inequity, Sarah F. Brosnan
A Hypothesis Of The Co-Evolution Of Cooperation And Inequity, Sarah F. Brosnan
Psychology Faculty Publications
Recent evidence demonstrates that humans are not the only species to respond negatively to inequitable outcomes which are to their disadvantage. Several species respond negatively if they subsequently receive a less good reward than a social partner for completing the same task. While these studies suggest that the negative response to inequity is not a uniquely human behavior, they do not provide a functional explanation for the emergence of these responses due to similar characteristics among these species. However, emerging data support the hypothesis that an aversion to inequity is a mechanism to promote successful long-term cooperative relationships amongst non-kin. …
The Interplay Of Cognition And Cooperation, Sarah F. Brosnan, Lucie Salwiczek, Redouan Bshary
The Interplay Of Cognition And Cooperation, Sarah F. Brosnan, Lucie Salwiczek, Redouan Bshary
Psychology Faculty Publications
Cooperation often involves behaviours that reduce immediate payoffs for actors. Delayed benefits have often been argued to pose problems for the evolution of cooperation as learning such contingencies may be difficult as partners may cheat in return. Therefore, the ability to achieve stable cooperation has often been linked to a species’ cognitive abilities, which is in turn linked to the evolution of increasingly complex central nervous systems. However, in their famous 1981 paper, Axelrod & Hamilton stated that in principle even bacteria could play a tit for tat strategy in an iterated prisoner’s dilemma. While to our knowledge this has …