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- Sensorimotor neuroscience (21)
- Psychology of reaching, grasping, and lifting objects (12)
- Interactions between vision and touch (11)
- Lifting (9)
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- Bimanual coordination (4)
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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Asymmetries In Motor Attention During A Cued Bimanual Reaching Task: Left And Right Handers Compared, Gavin Buckingham, Julie Main, David Carey
Asymmetries In Motor Attention During A Cued Bimanual Reaching Task: Left And Right Handers Compared, Gavin Buckingham, Julie Main, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
Several studies have indicated that right handers have attention biased toward their right hand during bimanual coordination (Buckingham and Carey, 2009; Peters, 1981). To determine if this behavioral asymmetry was linked to cerebral lateralization, we examined this bias in left and right handers by combining a discontinuous double-step reaching task with a Posner-style hand cueing paradigm. Left and right handed participants received a tactile cue (valid on 80% of trials) prior to a bimanual reach to target pairs. Right handers took longer to inhibit their right hand and made more right hand errors, suggesting that their dominant hand was more …
The Role Of Vision In Detecting And Correcting Fingertip Force Errors During Object Lifting, Gavin Buckingham
The Role Of Vision In Detecting And Correcting Fingertip Force Errors During Object Lifting, Gavin Buckingham
Gavin Buckingham
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Vision In Detecting And Correcting Fingertip Force Errors During Object Lifting, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
The Role Of Vision In Detecting And Correcting Fingertip Force Errors During Object Lifting, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
Vision provides many reliable cues about the likely weight of an object, allowing individuals to predict how heavy it will be. The forces used to lift an object for the first time reflect these predictions. This, however, leads to inevitable errors during lifts of objects that weigh unexpected amounts. Fortunately, these errors are rarely made twice in a row-lifters have the impressive ability to detect and correct large or small misapplications of fingertip forces, even while experiencing weight illusions. Although it has been assumed that we detect and correct these errors exclusively with our sense of touch, recent evidence has …
Learning From Mistakes: Improving Initial Fingertip Force Scaling By Observing Lifting Errors, Gavin Buckingham, Minnie Tang, Paul Gribble, Melvyn Goodale
Learning From Mistakes: Improving Initial Fingertip Force Scaling By Observing Lifting Errors, Gavin Buckingham, Minnie Tang, Paul Gribble, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
• When lifting objects that are lighter or heaver than we expect them to be, individuals typically misapply forces in a way that reflects their prior expectations of heaviness.
• Because we lift in this predictive way, large and small cubes elicit these characteristic errors even when they are adjusted to have equal mass. Lifters will apply too much force to a large cube and substantially less force to a small cube – errors that are rapidly corrected with repeated lifts (Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).
• When watching others lift objects, an observer’s motor system automatically reacts in a way …
The Material-Weight Illusion Induced By Expectations Alone, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
The Material-Weight Illusion Induced By Expectations Alone, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
In the material-weight illusion (MWI), equally weighted objects that appear to be made from different materials are incorrectly perceived as having different weights when they are lifted one after the other. Here, we show that continuous visual experience of the lift is not a prerequisite for this compelling misperception of weight; merely priming the lifters' expectations of heaviness is sufficient for them to experience a robust MWI. Furthermore, these expectations continued to influence the load force used to lift MWI-inducing stimuli trial after trial, supporting the notion that vision plays an important role in the skillful lifting of objects.
Bimanual Reaching Across The Hemispace: Which Hand Is Yoked To Which?, Gavin Buckingham, Gordon Binsted, David Carey
Bimanual Reaching Across The Hemispace: Which Hand Is Yoked To Which?, Gavin Buckingham, Gordon Binsted, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
When both hands perform concurrent goal-directed reaches, they become yoked to one another. To investigate the direction of this coupling (i.e., which hand is yoked to which), the temporal dynamics of bimanual reaches were compared with equivalent-amplitude unimanual reaches. These reaches were to target pairs located on either the left or right sides of space; meaning that in the bimanual condition, one hand's contralateral (more difficult) reach accompanied by the other hand's ipsilateral (easier) reach. By comparing which hand's difficult reach was improved more by the presence of the other hand's easier ipsilateral reach, we were able to demonstrate asymmetries …
The Influence Of Competing Perceptual And Motor Priors In The Context Of The Size-Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn Goodale
The Influence Of Competing Perceptual And Motor Priors In The Context Of The Size-Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
When lifting objects of identical mass but different sizes, people perceive the smaller objects as weighing more than the larger ones (the 'size-weight' illusion, SWI). While individual's grip and load force rates are rapidly scaled to the objects' actual mass, the magnitude of the force used to lift these SWI-inducing objects is rarely discussed. Here, we show that participants continue to apply a greater loading force to a large SWI-inducing cube than to a small SWI cube, lift after lift. These differences in load force persisted long after initial errors in grip and load force rates had been corrected. Interestingly, …
Gating Of Vibrotactile Detection During Visually Guided Bimanual Reaches, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey, Francisco Colino, John Degrosbois, Gordon Binsted
Gating Of Vibrotactile Detection During Visually Guided Bimanual Reaches, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey, Francisco Colino, John Degrosbois, Gordon Binsted
Gavin Buckingham
It is far more difficult to detect a small tactile stimulation on a finger that is moving compared to when it is static. This suppression of tactile information during motion, known as tactile gating, has been examined in some detail during single-joint movements. However, the existence and time course of this gating has yet to be examined during visually guided multi-joint reaches, where sensory feedback may be paramount. The current study demonstrated that neurologically intact humans are unable to detect a small vibratory stimulus on one of their index fingers during a bimanual reach toward visual targets. By parametrically altering …
Lifting Without Seeing: The Role Of Vision In Perceiving And Acting Upon The Size Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn Goodale
Lifting Without Seeing: The Role Of Vision In Perceiving And Acting Upon The Size Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
BACKGROUND: Our expectations of an object's heaviness not only drive our fingertip forces, but also our perception of heaviness. This effect is highlighted by the classic size-weight illusion (SWI), where different-sized objects of identical mass feel different weights. Here, we examined whether these expectations are sufficient to induce the SWI in a single wooden cube when lifted without visual feedback, by varying the size of the object seen prior to the lift.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Participants, who believed that they were lifting the same object that they had just seen, reported that the weight of the single, standard-sized cube that they …
Lifting Without Seeing: The Role Of Vision In Perceiving And Acting Upon The Size‐Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn Goodale
Lifting Without Seeing: The Role Of Vision In Perceiving And Acting Upon The Size‐Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
Our expectations of an object’s heaviness not only drive our fingertip forces, but also our perception of heaviness. This effect is highlighted by the classic size-weight illusion (SWI), where different‐sized objects of identical mass feel different weights (Charpentier, 1891) long after any initial errors in the application of fingertip forces have been corrected (Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).
Here, we examined whether our expectations about the weight of an upcoming lift are sufficient to induce the SWI in a single wooden cube when lifted without visual feedback, by varying the size of the object seen prior to the lift during a …
Laterality, Perception, And Action During The Size-Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
Laterality, Perception, And Action During The Size-Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
In the classic size-weight illusion (SWI), a small object will feel heavier than an larger object of equal weight (Charpentier, 1891). Individuals continue to perceive this illusory difference in weight long after their gripping and lifting forces have scaled to the actual, identical, mass of the illusion-inducing stimuli (Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).
The independence of our weight perception and fingertip force application has only been quantified in the right hand of right-handers. The immunity to this perceptual illusion may be affected by manual asymmetries (e.g., Gonzalez, Ganel & Goodale, 2006).
We examined perception of heaviness and fingertip force scaling in …
Living In A Material World: How Visual Cues To Material Properties Affect The Way That We Lift Objects And Perceive Their Weight, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Melvyn Goodale
Living In A Material World: How Visual Cues To Material Properties Affect The Way That We Lift Objects And Perceive Their Weight, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
The visual properties of an object provide many cues as to the tensile strength, compliance, and density of the material from which it is made. However, it is not well understood how these implicit associations affect our perceptions of these properties and how they determine the initial forces that are applied when an object is picked up. Here we examine the effects of these cues on such forces by using the classic "material-weight illusion" (MWI). Grip and load forces were measured in three experiments as participants lifted cubes made from metal, wood, and expanded polystyrene. These cubes were adjusted to …
Rightward Biases During Bimanual Reaching, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Rightward Biases During Bimanual Reaching, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
Two experiments were carried out to investigate whether attention is biased toward the right hand of right handers during bimanual coordination (Peters 1981). A novel discontinuous double-step reaching task was developed, where right-handed participants executed a bimanual reach followed by a left or right hand unimanual reach. Asymmetries in the downtime between the bimanual and unimanual reach portions (the refractory period) were used to infer the direction of attention. A shorter right hand refractory period was found in the first experiment, indicating a rightward bias in attention. In a second experiment, shifting the focus of attention during the bimanual portion …
A Dissociation Between Perception And Action In The Material‐Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Kai-Ling Kao, Melvyn Goodale
A Dissociation Between Perception And Action In The Material‐Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Kai-Ling Kao, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
We examined what forces are applied to objects that elicit this illusion when they are lifted.We predicted that:
(1) Forces on early trials will scale to each participant’s expectations of how much a particular block will weigh ‐ excessive force will be applied to the metal block and insufficient force applied to the polystyrene block.
(2) Forces on later trials will scale to the real weight of each block ‐ identical levels of force applied to all the blocks.
(3) MWI will persist throughout ‐ polystyrene block will feel the heaviest, metal block will feel the lightest.
Grasping And Lifting Different Materials, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Melvyn Goodale
Grasping And Lifting Different Materials, Gavin Buckingham, Jonathan Cant, Melvyn Goodale
Gavin Buckingham
The material from which an object is made can determine how heavy it feels (Seashore, 1899). Interestingly, a metal block that has been adjusted to have the same size and mass as a polystyrene block will feel lighter than the polystyrene block. We recently showed that participants experiencing this material-weight illusion’ (MWI) do not apply forces that match their perceptual experience of heaviness ‐ just like in the size‐weight illusion ( Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).
Our previous study showed that forces on early trials were scaled to each participant’s expectations of how much a particular block should weigh ‐ excessive …
Investigating Bimanual Coordination In Dominant And Non-Dominant Virtual Hands, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Investigating Bimanual Coordination In Dominant And Non-Dominant Virtual Hands, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
A bias in attention towards the dominant hand has been cited as a possible factor in the lateralisation of human bimanual coordination (Peters, 1981). A mirror was placed between the hands of 18 dextral participants performing rhythmic anti-phase movements. This set-up gave the appearance of a reflected virtual hand (moving in time with the un-occluded hand), in the same spatial location as the occluded left or right hand. This asymmetrical conflict between vision and action examined whether the left hand would show higher levels of error when replaced by a virtual right hand than the converse condition. Higher levels of …
Bimanual Coupling In Left And Right Space: Which Hand Is Yoked To Which?, Gavin Buckingham, Gordon Binsted, David Carey
Bimanual Coupling In Left And Right Space: Which Hand Is Yoked To Which?, Gavin Buckingham, Gordon Binsted, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
• Reaching across the body into contralateral space with one hand incurs a substantial cost on various measures of performance, compared to ipsilateral reaches of a similar amplitude (Carey, Hargreaves, & Goodale, 1996).
• When reaching with both hands, unimanual asymmetries disappear.
-The hands take off and land concurrently (Kelso, Southard, & Goodman, 1979).
• To test if this ‘yoking’ is driven by the left or the right hand, participants performed reaches of different amplitudes.
• These reaches were made to the left or right side of space.
-Further increasing the unimanual (baseline) asymmetries that get wiped out by the …
Input Vs. Output Level Coupling Demonstrates Asymmetrical Attentional Biases, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Input Vs. Output Level Coupling Demonstrates Asymmetrical Attentional Biases, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
The current study examined the performance of each limb as it reached across the body (the hard task), while yoked to it’s ipsilateral reaching counterpart (the easy task).
Asymmetries In Attention Toward The Dominant Hand: Input Or Output?, Gavin Buckingham, Julie Main, David Carey
Asymmetries In Attention Toward The Dominant Hand: Input Or Output?, Gavin Buckingham, Julie Main, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
Peters (1981) suggested that an asymmetrical bias in attention (toward the right hand of right handers) could account for many manual asymmetries in bimanual task performance. Support for this notion comes from Honda (1982), who demonstrated preferential monitoring of the dominant hand during a bimanual reaching task, while Buckingham and Carey (2007) observed shorter refractory periods (dwell time in a bimanual discontinuous double-step reaching task) for the right hand.
Recent evidence may indicate an intentional (i.e. selection related behaviour – motor attention) bias toward the dominant hand (Bestelmeyer & Carey, 2004). The current study tests the hypothesis that the right …
Attentional Vs. Intentional Biases In Hand Movements; Hand-Specific Coupling & Bimanual Reaching, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Attentional Vs. Intentional Biases In Hand Movements; Hand-Specific Coupling & Bimanual Reaching, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey
Gavin Buckingham
Most of the population is dextral, showing a clear preference for performing the vast majority of tasks with their right hand. Peters (1981) suggested that an asymmetrical bias in attention (toward the right hand in right handers) could account for many manual asymmetries in bimanual task performance, with the left hand unable to perform the attentionally demanding portion of the task. Likewise, Honda (1982) demonstrated preferential monitoring of the dominant hand during a bimanual reaching task. Recent evidence has also shown an intentional (i.e. output related motor attention) bias toward the dominant hand (Bestelmeyer & Carey, 2004), another possible factor …
Visual Adaptation To Masculine And Feminine Faces Influences Generalized Preferences And Perceptions Of Trustworthiness, Gavin Buckingham, Lisa Debruine, Anthony Little, Lisa Welling, Claire Conway, Bernard Tiddeman, Benedict Jones
Visual Adaptation To Masculine And Feminine Faces Influences Generalized Preferences And Perceptions Of Trustworthiness, Gavin Buckingham, Lisa Debruine, Anthony Little, Lisa Welling, Claire Conway, Bernard Tiddeman, Benedict Jones
Gavin Buckingham
Although previous studies of individual differences in preferences for masculinity in male faces have typically emphasized the importance of factors such as changes in levels of sex hormones during the menstrual cycle, other research has demonstrated that recent visual experience with faces also influences preferences for sexual dimorphism in faces. Adaptation to either masculine or feminine faces increases preferences for novel faces that are similar to those that were recently seen. Here, we replicate this effect and demonstrate that adaptation to masculine or feminine faces also influences the extent to which masculine faces are perceived as trustworthy. These adaptation effects …
Reflections On… Phase Shifting Under Different Visual Conditions, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey, Arash Sahraie
Reflections On… Phase Shifting Under Different Visual Conditions, Gavin Buckingham, David Carey, Arash Sahraie
Gavin Buckingham
When two limbs are moved out of time (i.e. opposing muscle activation at each limb) in rhythmic oscillatory movements, there is a tendency at high frequencies for the movements to synchronise in the temporal domain, resulting in bilateral homologous muscle activation known as a ‘phase shift’ (Kelso, 1984). In an effort to determine the degree with which perception influences this phase shifting behaviour (Mechsner et al., 2001), a mirror can be placed between the hands of participants, parallel to their mid-saggital plane such that the reflected hand appeared in the place of the occluded hand. This paradigm can be used …
Visual Adaptation To Masculine And Feminine Faces Influences Generalized Preferences And Perceptions Of Trustworthiness, Gavin Buckingham, L. Debruine, A. Little, L. Welling, C. Conway, B. Tiddeman, B. Jones
Visual Adaptation To Masculine And Feminine Faces Influences Generalized Preferences And Perceptions Of Trustworthiness, Gavin Buckingham, L. Debruine, A. Little, L. Welling, C. Conway, B. Tiddeman, B. Jones
Gavin Buckingham
We compared the effects of adaptation to faces varying in sexual dimorphism of shape on perceptions of the trustworthiness and attractiveness of masculine faces.