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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Potential Applications Of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Fmri) To Organizational Research: A Primer And Sample Study, Allen I. Huffcutt, Wen-Ching Liu, Lori A. Russell-Chapin
Potential Applications Of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Fmri) To Organizational Research: A Primer And Sample Study, Allen I. Huffcutt, Wen-Ching Liu, Lori A. Russell-Chapin
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The first purpose of this manuscript is to provide a primer for organizational researchers on both fMRI and brain physiology because few are likely to have encountered an in-depth treatment of either previously. The second purpose is to present the results of an actual fMRI study on an organizational topic (structured employment interviews) as a sample to help illustrate the potential of this type of research. Results of the sample study enhanced understanding of the brain processes behind responding to situational (SI) and behavior description (BDI) interviews, and offered several promising directions for follow-up research. To illustrate the latter, there …
Influence Of Vocal And Verbal Cues On Ratings Of Interview Anxiety And Interview Performance, Ryan O. Miller, Brianne L. Gayfer, Deborah M. Powell
Influence Of Vocal And Verbal Cues On Ratings Of Interview Anxiety And Interview Performance, Ryan O. Miller, Brianne L. Gayfer, Deborah M. Powell
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
In two studies, we examined the effect of the presence (versus absence) of vocal cues on judges’ ratings of interview anxiety and interview performance. In Study 1, we designed an experiment in which participants rated either a high-anxiety candidate or a low-anxiety candidate and were exposed to either an audio version of the interview or a text-only version. In Study 2, we added a third condition—a text-only version with filler words (um and ah) cleaned out. In two online studies (n = 72 and n = 411), we found that the high-anxiety interviewee was rated higher on observer-rated anxiety and …
Why Does The Public Sector Resist Unproctored Internet Testing?, Sami Nesnidol, Scott Highhouse
Why Does The Public Sector Resist Unproctored Internet Testing?, Sami Nesnidol, Scott Highhouse
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Two studies examine public-sector practitioners’ concerns about unproctored Internet testing (UIT) for preemployment tests. Study 1 compared public- and private-sector practitioners (n = 66) on possible barriers to UIT adoption (i.e., lack of diffusion, measurement concerns, legal risk, and costs of implementation). Results showed that public-sector practitioners were far less favorably disposed toward implementation of UIT and were more concerned about lack of diffusion, measurement issues, and costs of implementation. Study 2 utilized a policy-capturing design to examine the factors public-sector practitioners consider most important when making simulated decisions about UIT adoption (n = 33). Of the factors examined, test …
A Meta-Analysis Of Hiring Discrimination Against Muslims And Arabs, Timothy Bartkoski, Ellen Lynch, Chelsea Witt, Cort Rudolph
A Meta-Analysis Of Hiring Discrimination Against Muslims And Arabs, Timothy Bartkoski, Ellen Lynch, Chelsea Witt, Cort Rudolph
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Muslim and Arab individuals are discriminated against in almost all domains. Recently, there has been a focus on examining the treatment of these groups in the work setting. Despite the great number of primary studies examining this issue, there has not yet been a quantitative review of the research literature. To fill this gap, this meta-analysis examined the presence and magnitude of hiring discrimination against Muslim and Arab individuals. Using 46 independent effect sizes from 26 sources, we found evidence of discrimination against Muslim and Arab people in employment judgments, behaviors, and decisions across multiple countries. Moderator analyses revealed that …
Scientific Proceedings Of The Texas Children’S Hospital’S 17th Session Of The Advanced Quality Improvement And Patient Safety Program, Arjun M. Dangre Bds Mph, Kelly Wallin Ms Rn Chse, Gertrude A. Leidich Mba, Rn, Angelo P. Giardino Md, Phd
Scientific Proceedings Of The Texas Children’S Hospital’S 17th Session Of The Advanced Quality Improvement And Patient Safety Program, Arjun M. Dangre Bds Mph, Kelly Wallin Ms Rn Chse, Gertrude A. Leidich Mba, Rn, Angelo P. Giardino Md, Phd
Journal of Nursing & Interprofessional Leadership in Quality & Safety
The Texas Children’s Hospital’s Advanced Quality Improvement and Patient Safety (AQI) Program is a six month mixed didactic and experiential learning experience designed to improve patient care, lower costs, change the culture, and develop quality leaders. As a part of AQI program participants are grouped into teams and each team completes a healthcare related Quality Improvement (QI) project. Each project demonstrates use of various QI tools including process maps, fishbone diagrams, and key driver diagrams. The projects use ‘Model for Improvement’ as the primary QI methodology to achieve their aim. Three or more Plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles are required for each …
Scientific Proceedings Of The Texas Children’S Hospital’S 16th Session Of The Advanced Quality Improvement And Patient Safety Program, Arjun M. Dangre Bds, Mph, Kelly Wallin Ms, Rn, Chse, Gertrude A. Leidich Mba, Rn, Angelo P. Giardino Md, Phd
Scientific Proceedings Of The Texas Children’S Hospital’S 16th Session Of The Advanced Quality Improvement And Patient Safety Program, Arjun M. Dangre Bds, Mph, Kelly Wallin Ms, Rn, Chse, Gertrude A. Leidich Mba, Rn, Angelo P. Giardino Md, Phd
Journal of Nursing & Interprofessional Leadership in Quality & Safety
The Texas Children’s Hospital’s Advanced Quality Improvement and Patient Safety (AQI) Program is a six month mixed didactic and experiential learning experience designed to improve patient care, lower costs, change the culture, and develop quality leaders. As a part of AQI program participants are grouped into teams and each team completes a healthcare related Quality Improvement (QI) project. Each project demonstrates use of various QI tools including process maps, fishbone diagrams, and key driver diagrams. The projects use the IHI ‘Model for Improvement’ as the primary QI methodology to achieve their aim. Three or more Plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles are required …
Employee Perceptions Of Well-Being Programs, Alice V. Edwards, Susan Marcus
Employee Perceptions Of Well-Being Programs, Alice V. Edwards, Susan Marcus
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
Measuring the effectiveness of well-being programs in the workplace is important for optimizing the return on investment and selection of programs that meet organizational objectives. A pilot study was performed to assess employee well-being using the Happiness Mini-Survey and a one-sample pre–post study design intended to quickly allow employees to subjectively rate their well-being before and after participating in various classes as part of a well-being program. The findings demonstrated statistical significance in employee subjective ratings; they reported feeling better emotionally, physically, and mentally after participating in the classes. The employees’ self-rating for stress level also had statistically significant improvement …
The Power Of Happiness, Sarah R. Romney
The Power Of Happiness, Sarah R. Romney
Marriott Student Review
This article synthesizes research and psychological principles to explain the impact that one’s attitude can have oneself and others. A positive attitude is contagious and can help one perform better, be more motivated, and earn a higher wage. It can also increase team performance and help others be happy to receive the same benefits. By focusing on their expressions and attitude, people can greatly impact the organizations they are a part of.
Prosocial Behaviors: Their Motivations And Impacts On Organizational Culture, Jennifer C. Vieweg
Prosocial Behaviors: Their Motivations And Impacts On Organizational Culture, Jennifer C. Vieweg
The Journal of Values-Based Leadership
According to the International Corrupt Perceptions Index 2017, more than six billion people are living countries that are plagued by corruption (International Corrupt Perceptions Index, 2017). In an altruistic model of leadership, leaders act with the express intent of helping other people (Johnson, 2015). Within this model, good works manifest themselves as prosocial behaviors or “voluntary behavior(s) intended to benefit another and consisting of actions that benefit others or society” (Schminke, Arnaud, & Taylor, 2014, p. 730). These prosocial behaviors can create collaborative and inspirational environments (Axelsson & Axelsson, 2009), facilitate collectivism (Clarkson, 2014), and contribute to the long-term sustainability …
Book Review - Drive: The Truth About What Motivates Us, Wyatt Pagano
Book Review - Drive: The Truth About What Motivates Us, Wyatt Pagano
Marriott Student Review
This is a book review of Drive: The Truth About What Motivates Us by Daniel Pink.
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Applications Of Judgment And Decision Making To Problems In Personnel Assessment, Edgar E. Kausel, Alexander T. Jackson
Special Issue - Call For Papers: Applications Of Judgment And Decision Making To Problems In Personnel Assessment, Edgar E. Kausel, Alexander T. Jackson
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
No abstract provided.
Content Of Qualitative Feedback Provided During Structured, Confidential Reference Checks, Cynthia A. Hedricks, Disha Rupayana, Leigh Puchalski, Chet Robie
Content Of Qualitative Feedback Provided During Structured, Confidential Reference Checks, Cynthia A. Hedricks, Disha Rupayana, Leigh Puchalski, Chet Robie
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The present study used text analytics software to examine the unstructured (or qualitative) data provided by job references during confidential, multi-rater reference checks. With respect to both work-related strengths and areas of improvement, job references more frequently provided words or short phrases relating to “soft skills” such as working with others and communication as opposed to “hard skills” such as computer programming or mathematics. While some commonalities across jobs were found to exist, the frequency of identified categories for both work-related strengths and areas of improvement did differ across jobs.
Investigating Three Approaches Of Using Personality To Predict Competency-Based Performance, Blaine Gaddis, Brandon Ferrell
Investigating Three Approaches Of Using Personality To Predict Competency-Based Performance, Blaine Gaddis, Brandon Ferrell
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Organizations often use competencies to drive human capital initiatives such as recruitment, selection, training, and promotion. To serve such organizations, practitioners now offer various competency-based research solutions incorporating personality assessments to predict these competencies. Each approach begins by mapping competencies from an organization’s model to scientific models backed by synthetic and content validity evidence to align personality dimensions with each competency. This helps determine which personality dimensions drive performance for each competency. In this paper, we compare scale-based profiles, subscale-based algorithms, and scale-based algorithms to investigate the consistency of scores across methods and how effective each method is in predicting …
Critical Analytic Thinking Skills: Do They Predict Job-Related Task Performance Above And Beyond General Intelligence?, Sara Beth Elson, Robert Hartman, Adam Beatty, Matthew Trippe, Kerry Buckley, John Bornmann, Elaine Bochniewicz, Mark Lehner, Liliya Korenovska, Jessica Lee, Les Servi, Alison Dingwall, Paul E. Lehner, Maurita Soltis, Mark Brown, Brandon Beltz, Amber Sprenger
Critical Analytic Thinking Skills: Do They Predict Job-Related Task Performance Above And Beyond General Intelligence?, Sara Beth Elson, Robert Hartman, Adam Beatty, Matthew Trippe, Kerry Buckley, John Bornmann, Elaine Bochniewicz, Mark Lehner, Liliya Korenovska, Jessica Lee, Les Servi, Alison Dingwall, Paul E. Lehner, Maurita Soltis, Mark Brown, Brandon Beltz, Amber Sprenger
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
Employers and government leaders have called attention to the need for critical thinking skills in the workforce, while business trends toward evidence-based decision making also highlight the increasing importance of the critical thinking skill set. Although studies have examined the relationship of critical thinking to behaviors or job performance, many have missed a key component: incremental predictive validity of critical thinking beyond cognitive ability. The current study defines critical thinking, presents results from a test development effort in which the conceptual definition was operationalized as a measure of critical analytical thinking skills for government analysts, and presents results of a …
Creating Test Score Bands For Assessments Involving Ratings Using A Generalizability Theory Approach To Reliability Estimation, Charles Scherbaum, Marcus Dickson, Elliott Larson, Brian Bellenger, Kenneth Yusko, Harold Goldstein
Creating Test Score Bands For Assessments Involving Ratings Using A Generalizability Theory Approach To Reliability Estimation, Charles Scherbaum, Marcus Dickson, Elliott Larson, Brian Bellenger, Kenneth Yusko, Harold Goldstein
Personnel Assessment and Decisions
The selection of a method for estimating the reliability of ratings has considerable implications for the use of assessments in personnel selection. In particular, the accuracy of corrections to validity coefficients for unreliability and test score bands are completely dependent on the correct estimation of the reliability. In this paper, we discuss how generalizability theory can be used to estimate reliability for test score bands with assessments involving ratings. Using selection data from a municipal entity, we demonstrate the use of generalizability theory-based compare the implications of its use in test score banding compared to the traditional approach.
How To Prevent Unhelpful Personality Traits From Evolving Into Unhelpful Financial Behaviors: The Benefits Of Future Clarity, Simon Andrew Moss, Eraj Ghafoori, Liam Smith
How To Prevent Unhelpful Personality Traits From Evolving Into Unhelpful Financial Behaviors: The Benefits Of Future Clarity, Simon Andrew Moss, Eraj Ghafoori, Liam Smith
Journal of Financial Therapy
Many organizations have implemented programs to improve the financial behavior of impending retirees and other vulnerable demographics. These programs are predicated on the assumption that financial behavior is indeed modifiable. Yet, many enduring traits, such as emotional instability, could promote financial anxiety and provoke imprudent financial behaviors, limiting the utility of these programs. This study, however, tests the possibility that future clarity—the degree to which individuals perceive their future as vivid and certain—could diminish the extent to which emotional instability coincides with financial anxiety and imprudent financial behavior. Specifically, 1516 participants over 50 completed a questionnaire that gauges emotional instability, …
A Multifaceted View Of Ceo Compensation And Performance: A Case Study, John Nirenberg
A Multifaceted View Of Ceo Compensation And Performance: A Case Study, John Nirenberg
Journal of Sustainable Social Change
This case addresses CEO pay, a topic that annually stimulates the question of whether or not executive compensation is based on performance or something else and why it is so high in absolute terms. The societal impact of the new class of executives among the largest companies in the United States set apart from the rest of the world in a cocoon of wealth and privilege inflames resentment among workers, widens an already unfathomable distance between those at the top and the rest of us, and endangers the social amity among citizens of the polity . Positive social change might …
Called To Safety? Individual And Combined Effects Of Safety Climate And Occupational Callings On Aviator Safety Performance, Michele W. Gazica, Erin E. Bowen, Michael A. Mccarson, Kristen A-M. Chadwell
Called To Safety? Individual And Combined Effects Of Safety Climate And Occupational Callings On Aviator Safety Performance, Michele W. Gazica, Erin E. Bowen, Michael A. Mccarson, Kristen A-M. Chadwell
Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research
This study examined the individual and combined effects of two potential antecedents to aviation-related safety performance: safety climate and occupational callings. Research exploring the importance of occupational callings to the safety domain is in its nascent stages. The extent that someone is living a calling may explain variance in actual safety performance above that which can be explained by safety climate alone. Survey data from aviators in a flight training program were analyzed to evaluate the ability of occupational calling assessments to inform the potential for safety mishaps within the aviation industry. Results indicate that both safety climate and occupational …
Human Error Analysis Of Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (Hems) Accidents Using The Human Factors Analysis And Classification System (Hfacs), Paul E. Cline Ph.D.
Human Error Analysis Of Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (Hems) Accidents Using The Human Factors Analysis And Classification System (Hfacs), Paul E. Cline Ph.D.
Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research
Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) is among the most dangerous type of flying in commercial aviation. This research utilized the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to understand the errors, preconditions and violations that contribute to these accidents. Drawing upon source data from the National Transportation Safety Board’s Aviation Accident Database, HEMS accidents from 2000-2016 were analyzed according to the HFACS framework.
Silent Hands: A Leader’S Ability To Create Nonverbal Immediacy, Linda Talley, Samuel R. Temple
Silent Hands: A Leader’S Ability To Create Nonverbal Immediacy, Linda Talley, Samuel R. Temple
Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences
Nonverbal immediacy is a core element of a leader’s ability to lead followers. Nevertheless, there are no empirical studies regarding a link between a leader’s hand gestures and followers’ perceptions of immediacy (attraction to someone) or nonimmediacy (distancing). Guided by Mehrabian’s theory of nonverbal behavior, this study included one independent variable segmented into seven levels (positive hand gestures defined as community hand, humility hands, and steepling hands; three defensive gestures, defined as hands in pocket, arms crossed over chest, and hands behind back; and neutral/no hand gestures) to test for immediacy or nonimmediacy. In this experimental study, participants (n …