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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Memory And Stereotypes For Lesbian/Gay Characters, Amber Rose Williams
Memory And Stereotypes For Lesbian/Gay Characters, Amber Rose Williams
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Stereotype-consistency bias refers to the idea that people tend to remember stereotypical information about others better than non-stereotypical information (Fyock & Stangor, 1994). Limited research has examined how people may use stereotype-consistency bias when recalling information about LGBT characters in narratives (Bellezza & Bower, 1981; Clark & Woll, 1981; McGann & Goodwin, 2007; Snyder & Uranowitz, 1978). This line of research suggests that, instead of genuinely remembering stereotypical information better, participants tended to guess stereotypical answers to questions they do not know. In contrast to those studies, the experiment I conducted for this thesis suggests that heterosexual young adults tend …
About Face: Seeing The Talker Improves Spoken Word Recognition But Increases Listening Effort, Violet Brown
About Face: Seeing The Talker Improves Spoken Word Recognition But Increases Listening Effort, Violet Brown
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It is widely accepted that seeing a talker improves a listener’s ability to understand what a talker is saying in background noise (e.g., Erber, 1969; Sumby & Pollack, 1954). The literature is mixed, however, regarding the influence of the visual modality on the listening effort required to recognize speech (e.g., Fraser, Gagné, Alepins, & Dubois, 2010; Sommers & Phelps, 2016). Here, we present data showing that even when the visual modality robustly benefits recognition, processing audiovisual speech can still result in greater cognitive load than processing speech in the auditory modality alone. We show using a dual-task paradigm …
Testing The Convergent Retrieval Learning Theory Of Testing Effects, William J. Hopper
Testing The Convergent Retrieval Learning Theory Of Testing Effects, William J. Hopper
Doctoral Dissertations
What is learned from retrieving a memory that is not learned by studying the same information? In response to this question, I have proposed a new theory of retrieval-based learning in which I argue that retrieval strengthens the ability to completely activate all portions of a memory trace from an initial state of partial activation. In effect, retrieval serves to unitize the features of a memory, making the entire memory remain retrievable in the future when cue-related activation may be weaker. This theory, called the Primary and Convergent Retrieval (PCR) model, explains why practice tests produce both better long-term retention …
Does Testing Enhance Mediation In Paired-Associate Learning?, Deana Vitrano
Does Testing Enhance Mediation In Paired-Associate Learning?, Deana Vitrano
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The testing effect (TE) is the robust finding that testing on previously studied material leads to better long-term retention as compared to restudying that material (Roediger & Karpicke, 2006b). Pyc and Rawson (2010) proposed the Mediator Effectiveness Hypothesis (MEH) as an explanation for the TE in paired-associate learning, The MEH states that review testing on cue-target word pairs strengthens semantic/associative mediators, which helps participants recall targets to their cues on a later test. Pyc and Rawson found support for the MEH with Swahili-English word pairs and explicit mediation instructions, using the most rigorous test of the MEH. Other researchers have …
Therapist Self-Disclosure And Recall Of Therapy Content, Shivani Mansharamani, Steven Robbins
Therapist Self-Disclosure And Recall Of Therapy Content, Shivani Mansharamani, Steven Robbins
Capstone Showcase
SHIVANI MANSHARAMANI
Therapist Self-Disclosure and Recall of Therapy Content
Research Mentor: Dr. Steven Robbins
Patients’ faulty memory of what they learned in therapy is often associated with poor outcomes. One way to improve therapeutic outcome is to improve patients’ memory of therapy content. Therapist Self-Disclosure (TSD) refers to a therapist’s disclosure of personal information to facilitate the client-therapist relationship. It has been employed as a tool to improve alliance and overall treatment outcome, and has often been used to prime more client disclosure. Past research on a memory support system has been unsuccessful at significantly improving client memory. In this …