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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
An Evaluation Of Deferred Time-Out, Abigail Kennedy
An Evaluation Of Deferred Time-Out, Abigail Kennedy
Theses & Dissertations
Although substantial research has shown time-out to be an effective treatment for children’s problem behavior, time-out resistance (i.e., failure to go to time-out, escape from time-out, as well as negative vocalizations and aggression occurring between the time-out instruction and the completion of time-out) has the potential to decrease time-out’s suppressive effect, increase use of more intrusive and effortful administrative methods and escape contingencies, and negatively affect parental adherence. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of deferred time-out (DTO) on time-out resistance in a clinic and home setting. In addition, this research provided a preliminary evaluation …
Teaching Caregivers To Integrate Four Play-Based Instructional Strategies Without Decrements In Child Play And Preference, Maegan Pisman
Teaching Caregivers To Integrate Four Play-Based Instructional Strategies Without Decrements In Child Play And Preference, Maegan Pisman
Theses & Dissertations
Young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often require systematic teaching to learn new skills, and caregivers can teach their children by embedding learning opportunities in a play-based context. However, researchers have not evaluated procedures to train caregivers to implement a combination of strategies designed to establish rapport and early language skills while maintaining play as a preferred context. We recruited two caregiver-child dyads composed of two mothers and their sons (3 and 4 years old). We used a multiple-probe design across strategies to demonstrate the efficacy of behavioral skills training on the mothers’ integration of parallel play, child-directed …
Emergent Completion Of Multistep Instructions Via Joint Control, Megan Vosters
Emergent Completion Of Multistep Instructions Via Joint Control, Megan Vosters
Theses & Dissertations
Teaching procedures that facilitate the emergence of novel responses allow for increased efficiency, which is critical when providing early-intervention services to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Three children diagnosed with ASD between 5 and 6 years old participated. In Study 1, we demonstrated functional control over the effects of teaching echoic rehearsals on the emergence of completing novel two-step instructions via joint control. In Study 2, we conducted an experimental analysis of joint control by disrupting rehearsal of the instruction and tacts of the objects in the instruction, which served as the sources of joint control. Our results support …
Evaluation Of Real-Time Feedback Via Telehealth: Training Staff To Conduct A Preference Assessment, Janelle Ausenhus
Evaluation Of Real-Time Feedback Via Telehealth: Training Staff To Conduct A Preference Assessment, Janelle Ausenhus
Theses & Dissertations
Effective, efficient, and accessible staff training procedures are needed to meet the service delivery demand for treating individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The present study evaluated the effectiveness of delivering real-time feedback via telehealth to train staff to conduct multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) preference assessments. A nonconcurrent multiple-baseline- across-participants showed that remote real-time feedback was associated with short training times and minimal sessions to achieve mastery. Generalization and maintenance probes indicated these skills were transferable to other preference assessments (i.e., edible preference assessments) and learners (i.e., children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder).
A Comparison Of Function- And Nonfunction-Based Extinction For Inappropriate Mealtime Behavior, Caitlin Kirkwood
A Comparison Of Function- And Nonfunction-Based Extinction For Inappropriate Mealtime Behavior, Caitlin Kirkwood
Theses & Dissertations
Previous literature supports the use of a functional analysis to prescribe treatment for children with feeding disorders (Bachmeyer et al., 2009; Piazza, Fisher, et al., 2003). Nevertheless, clinicians often train caregivers to use healthy contingencies, independent of whether those contingencies are function based. We do not know, however, whether including nonfunction-based contingencies differentially affects inappropriate mealtime behavior. In the current study, we observed that caregivers of 3 children with feeding disorders provided escape from bites and drinks and attention following inappropriate mealtime behavior. Results of a functional analysis showed escape from bites or drinks, but not attention, reinforced inappropriate mealtime …
Evaluating And Mitigating The Relapse Of Undesirable Caregiver Behavior, Daniel R. Mitteer
Evaluating And Mitigating The Relapse Of Undesirable Caregiver Behavior, Daniel R. Mitteer
Theses & Dissertations
The success of behavioral treatments like functional communication training depends on their continued implementation outside of the clinical context, where failures in caregiver treatment adherence can lead to the relapse of destructive behavior (St. Peter Pipkin, Vollmer, & Sloman, 2010). In Chapter 2, we developed a laboratory model for evaluating the relapse of undesirable caregiver behavior (e.g., delivering reinforcers following destructive behavior) in which we used an adult confederate who engaged in destructive behavior to simulate a treatment-adherence challenge. Undesirable caregiver behavior relapsed in three of four treatment-adherence challenges despite a behavior analyst using behavioral skills training (BST) to teach …