Political Science Commons^™

The European Union’S Post Brexit Agenda And Priority In Defense-Security Sectors, Bayu Wicaksono, Henny Saptatia Drajati Nugrahani

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

ABSTRACT

This research aims to explore the European Union’s agenda and priority in defence and security sectors in post Brexit era. This study is analyzed based on two research questions are: first, what are the impacts of Brexit on the European Union (EU) defense-security sectors, and the second is, what are the EU’s agenda and priority in defense-security sectors in the Post-Brexit era. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative. The analyses of the study is using Barry Buzan and Ole Waever's Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT). The findings of this study are: first, as the impact of Brexit, …

China's Strategic Ambiguity On The Issue Of Autonomous Weapons Systems, Putu Shangrina Pramudia

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This paper discusses the factors behind China's ambiguous stance on the issue of autonomous weapons and its relationship with China's rise. In 2016 at the United Nations on Certain Conventional Weapons (UN-CCW), China was the only Permanent Five (P5) country to call for the prohibition and importance of a binding protocol on autonomous weapons. Through its position paper, China stated that the characteristics of autonomous weapons are not in accordance with the principles of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), fears of an arms race, to the threat of war. However, in 2017 China issued the New Generation of AI Development Plan …

Developing Indonesian Perspectives In International Relations: The Argument For “Depok School”, Evi Fitriani

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article lies arguments to build a “Depok School” in International Relations. The gap between developed and developing countries is visible in practice and the paradigm for understanding the phenomenon of international relations dominated by the perspective of major (Western) countries. Through an analysis of empirical and theoretical developments in the study of International Relations, this paper examines the need for non-Western perspectives.. The mandate from the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia provides the axiological basis for a more suitable analytical framework that can capture the unique phenomena of Indonesia and developing countries, which is …

France's Membership In Financial Action Task Force (Fatf) And Financing Of The Paris Terror Attacks In 2015, Sasyabella Febriani

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

France is one of founding members FATF with other G-7 countries and FATF’s headquarters location. According to FATF and Europol, France is not only known as one of low level risk countries in financing terrorism but also as EU member state with the most terror acts in 2015. This research is attempt to explain why the French counter terrorism financing policy based on FATF standards is not able to prevent the financing terrorism practices of Paris terror attacks in 2015. This research method used qualitative approach and used historical institutionalism approach to see how institutional evolution of FATF, France involvement …

Peran Dan Kepentingan North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Nato) Dalam Konflik Perang Sipil Di Libya: Studi Kasus Periode Tahun 2011-2015, Harisuda Murdani, Yon Machmudi

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

The wave of the Arab Spring in the East The Civil War in Libya that occurred in the Middle East in 2011 was felt in Libya. The conflict that started as a demonstration ended in a civil war between the government and the Libyan opposition. NATO's humanitarian intervention is the mandate of the United Nations in the civil war in Libya uses the Responsibility to Protect rule to prevent the conflict from spreading. The presence of NATO as an international community is not only due to concern for Libya but there is an interest of oil resources in Libya. During …

The Dao In China’S Growing Presence In The South Pacific, Yulian Maulida Khasanah, Mohamad Rosyidin, Marten Hanura

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

The rise of China as one of the great powers in the international politic has been the hottest topic in the 21st century. Following the economic reform led by Deng Xiaoping in 1978, China re-emerges stronger than ever with its influences covering major parts of the world. One region particularly stands out since the prior dominance of United States therein, the South Pacific. The study of this research will be limited to 10 PICs recognising China, Vanuatu, Cook Island, FSM, Fiji, Niuee, PNG, Samoa, Tonga, Solomon Islands and Kiribati. Under the Western International Relations Theory (IRT) however, the rise of …

Cave! Hic Dragones: Understanding Neocolonialism In China’S Economic Diplomacy Towards Angola, Ghina Salsabila, Indra Kusumawardhana

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

China is experiencing a fast and dynamic phase of economic development driven by its fast pace of industrialisation. The vast energy demand has pushed China to import energy from other countries with plentiful natural resources. To this aim, China conducts economic diplomacy worldwide, including Angola, a country with plentiful natural resources in Africa. The main concern of this research is China's economic diplomacy which is considered as a form of neocolonialism in this globalisation era. Therefore, the research question of this research is why China's economic diplomacy towards Angola constitutes neocolonialisation. To this aim, this study utilises the Neocolonialism theory …

Asean Way: Managing Expectation In The Code Of Conduct For The South China Sea, Naifa Rizani Lardo

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Pessimistic perspectives on the ASEAN Way process frequently undermine the role of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in resolving the South China Sea (SCS) dispute. These justifications are addressed through the notion of power balance, which undermines the norm institutionalism framework that underlines the ASEAN Way’s foundation. This droves various conversations on ASEAN capabilities ahead of the ASEAN Way principle throughout the Code of Conduct for the South China Sea (COC for SCS) process, which questioned its expectations as a regional security body. This article offers insight on ASEAN’s regional security role in the SCS dispute peace process, …

The Roles Of Who In Handling Yemen Humanitarian Crisis During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Ghita Fadhila Andrini

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Yemen is noted to have the worst humanitarian crisis in the world. This condition is due to the civil war for the past six years, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged as a health security threat. This research aims to analyse the WHO’s role in responding health crisis in Yemen. By using qualitative methods and literature review approach, this article uses Atlas.ti to collect data regarding WHO’s activity in Yemen throughout the pandemic analysed by the international organisation’s role concept according to Clive Archer. The health security concept is also used to explain the health situation in Yemen during …

Transnational Corporations And Human Rights, Muhammed Hamid Muhammed

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

International trade has introduced many features in its classical or contemporary practice wherein peoples respectfully exchanged goods and ideas. Unfortunately, the legacy of large multinational corporations, concerning human rights, has generally been dismal. It is recognised that states are the primary bearers of responsibility to respect, protect, fulfill, and promote human rights and freedoms. Current developments in the field of international human rights law, however, designated transnational corporations (hereafter TNCs), organisations, and individuals in a diagonal and/or horizontal responsibility on the respect and protection of human rights. The need to make these non-state actors, especially TNCs, responsible under international law …

Muslim Community In The Atmosphere Of Populism In Norway, Gilang Mahadika

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

In the European nations, there has been a lot of discussions and arguments regarding the community who have a ‘migration background’. Migrants nowadays are more capable of competing against local residents in terms of looking for better employment and participating in the political activities in European countries. Consequently, it creates fear within ‘mainstream’ society since it is presumably able to threaten their way of life. This interesting moment can benefit the populist political parties for gaining voices from the majority population. But, in the aftermath of 22/7 terror attacks in Norway, it also created tension between locals and those who …

The Quality Of Peace In Post-Conflict Situation: A Comparative Study Between Armed Conflicts In Aceh And Bangsamoro, Ikhwan Rahmatika Latif, Dyah Mutiarin, Achmad Nurmandi

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article investigates the quality of peace in armed conflicts that occurred in the Southeast Asia region. The authors compared the cases of Aceh, where the armed conflict between the Free Aceh Movement or GAM and the government of Republic Indonesia ended peacefully with the Helsinki Memorandum of Understanding, with the conflict in the southern Philippines, where a peace agreement, the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro, was successfully achieved between the government of Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. This research employed document analysis to analyse the peace settlement documents of both parties and the derivative laws of the …

Indonesia's Involvement In The Afghanistan Peacebuilding Process, Fabian Nur Farizan, Dudy Heryadi

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article aims to understand and analyse Indonesia's involvement in ensuring peace, especially in peacebuilding efforts in Afghanistan. Indonesia’s commitment to improve its peace efforts in Afghanistan was expressed by President Joko Widodo during his visit to Kabul in 2018. This research used Lederach’s pyramid model of peacebuilding as the primary analysis tool. Lederach’s pyramid model identifies three approaches to peacebuilding, along with the main actors in the population affected by the conflict—namely top leadership, middle range leadership, and grass-root leadership. The results of the study show that Indonesia's involvement in Afghanistan in peace efforts has been carried out at …

The Rise Of Self-Interests: How Shifting Political Goals Changed The Effectiveness Of Dutch Official Development Aid To Bangladesh From 2005 Until 2016, Thomas L. Oomen

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Aid effectiveness has been situated in the central debate of development studies and, particularly, among foreign aid policy making community. As the Netherlands was one of the unique countries which focused extensively on the needs of its recipient, it is important to investigate the Netherlands’ recent practice of its development aid, particularly to Bangladesh and the associated goal ambiguity. This article attempts to answer the question, “to what extent does goal ambiguity in Dutch development aid affect the effectiveness of Dutch development aid given to Bangladesh?” This analysis is based on independent assessments of Dutch official development aid (ODA) to …

Catalan Identity And Paradiplomacy Strategy In Catalonia’S Independence Movement, Windy Dermawan, Akim Akim

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article seeks to analyse how Catalan identity, within the context of its conflict with the Spanish government, contributes to its foreign relations with the global public through paradiplomacy. This article uses qualitative research method with literature study. It finds that Catalonia, as one of Spain’s autonomous regions, have a distinct history, language, and culture from other Spanish regions. To protect their identity, there have been an emergence of movement for greater Catalan autonomy, even independence. This conflict reached climax on 1 October 2017 when the Catalan government initiated an independence referendum amongst Catalan people, with the majority voted for …

The Moderation Of Frente Farabundo Martí Para La Liberación Nacional’S Economic Orientation In El Salvador, 2009-2019, Petrus Putut Pradhopo Wening

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Frente Farabundo Martí Para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN) was a Marxist guerrilla group, known for its activities in the 1980s and 1990s to seize El Salvador’s government through war. Post-peace accords, FMLN transformed into an electoral political party and successfully won to lead the government of El Salvador in 2009-2019, but then they compromised their economic policies to suit neoliberalism. This article uses Gill and Law’s conceptualisation of the theory of direct and structural power of capital to explain the causes of FMLN’s neoliberalism-compromising economic policy adjustment in 2009-2019. This article finds that El Salvador’s social and political-economy historical dynamics, …

Indonesia’S Trade Diplomacy Through Fta: Analysis On Actors, Processes, And Goals Of Diplomacy, Pantri Muthriana Erza Killian

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

The purpose of this article is to examine the various FTAs that Indonesia has been involved in within the last 15 years by looking at the three core elements of trade diplomacy: actors, processes, and goals of FTAs. Based on these elements, this research finds that Indonesia’s FTA diplomacy tends to be dominated by foreign policy interests compared to economic ones, which can be observed through several elements. First, Indonesia’s FTA diplomacy is dominated by state actors and foreign policy players with little involvement from economic players and non-state actors. The numerous FTAs signed through ASEAN also reinforced this domination …

The Role Of Global Civil Society At The Local Level In Climate Change Mitigation: A Case Study Of Earth Hour’S Activities In Malang, Najamuddin Khairur Rijal

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This study examines the role of global civil society at the local level in climate change mitigation. Climate change issue is one of the global issues that is responded at the local level, as the impact of the problem concerns the universal livelihood of the world’s population. This study focuses on Earth Hour’s activities in the Malang region as a part of a global civil society. This research uses global civil society and its role in environmental governance as the analytical framework. The data are collected through documentation studies and interviews. The results show that Earth Hour Malang’s activities have …

One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: The Retrogression Of Governance Reform And Anti-Corruption Measure In Indonesia 1999–2001, Vishnu Juwono

Jurnal Politik

There were high hopes that Gus Dur, after being appointed by the People Consultative Assembly (MPR) in 1999, would bring significant governance reform and more progressive anti-corruption measures for the first time because two top leaders (Gus Dur and Megawati) were from the opposition in the New Order era. This paper attempts to evaluate the governance reform and anti-corruption measures in 1999–2001. This paper argues that there was a valuable opportunity to push for further governance reforms and a bolder anti-corruption drive, as there was a legitimate political top leadership stemming from the free-and-fair election in 1999 embodied in the …

Repositioning Indonesia In The Changing Maritime Landscape Of The Indo-Pacific Region, Sukmawani Bela Pertiwi

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Indo-Pacific has been among the most contested regions in the past decade. After China demonstrated its ambitious goal in reviving maritime silk road with its military and economic presence, United States, India, Japan, and Australia formed a new coalition to counter this strategy. This paper aims to examine the position of Indonesia as a traditional regional maritime power in the context of this changing maritime landscape of the Indo-Pacific region. In doing so, this paper develops the concept of “the three faces of maritime power” which distinguishes maritime power into hard, soft, and normative maritime power. The findings of this …

Latent Securitisation Of Illegal, Unreported And Unregulated (Iuu) Fishing In Indonesia, Rage Taufika

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This paper aims to explore and explain to what extent and in what ways the Indonesian Government has securitised the Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing in Indonesia since 2009, by utilising critical discourse analysis. Using the Securitisation theory from the Copenhagen School, this paper explains the analysis of the speech act and extraordinary measures from SBY’s administration, Jokowi’s first term and second term administration. While IUU fishing has been a severe global issue, 30 percent of the cases take place in Indonesia and it becomes a serious threat for the economy and maritime resources. In 2009, Indonesia amended the …

A Critical Assessment On The Indonesian Free Visa Policy: A Neorealist Perspective, Andry Indrady

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This paper discusses the implementation of free visa policy in Indonesia from a neorealist perspective. By utilizing the perspective of interdependence sovereignty and domestic sovereignty, this paper critically assesses the implementation of the free visa policy in Indonesia. From the interdependence sovereignty perspective, which elaborates the economic benefits, reciprocal and security approaches the paper finds that the free visa policy in Indonesia has yet to formulate a rational and objective policy that would lead to potential security – order threat. On the other hand, from the domestic sovereignty perspective the paper finds that although the state performs its immigration control …

The Architecture Of Paradiplomacy Regime In Indonesia: A Content Analysis, Surwandono Surwandono, Ali Maksum

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Paradiplomacy as a policy and practice of foreign policy by local governments have been carried out by the Indonesian government. But the practice of paradiplomacy shows a gap between local governments, as there are local governments that are so intensive but, on the other hand, some are passive. This article explains the architecture of paradiplomacy in the constitutional dimension through tracking the message structure in a number of regulations with content analysis methods. The advance of content analysis in the constitutional dimension will be able to provide comprehensive analysis on the architecture of Indonesia's paradiplomacy and its implications for achieving …

China’S Policy In Refusing North Korea Nuclear Proliferation, Vera Zerlinda Alamsyah Sulaiman

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This paper explains the main factors underlying China's policy of refusing North Korea's nuclear proliferation, whereas the two countries have established defense alliance relations since the breakup of the Korean War. Geopolitically, North Korea is a strategic country for China in the East Asian region, and both countries view the presence of the US military in the region as a threat. Subsequently, North Korea began to develop its nuclear capability to challenge the continuous US military presence in South Korea. Although China and North Korea see the US influence as a security threat, China maintains its position of refusing North …

Transnational Relations And Activism In International Relations: Debates And Consensus In Literature, Ani Widyani Soetjipto, Arivia Tri Dara Yuliestiana

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This article explores the concepts of transnational relations and activism in the study of International Relations, specifically the role of civil society in transnational advocacy. It becomes fascinating to discuss the role of civil society when state actors are no longer the most prominent actors in International Relations studies in the midst of globalization. Some articles related to transnational relations were written by the scholars of International Relations such as Thomas Risse-Kappen (1995). Even so, one of the most sophisticated concepts of transnational activism was introduced by Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink (1998), in the “Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks …

The Challenge For The Central American Integration System (Sica): The Withdrawal Of Costa Rica During The Cuban Migrant Crisis 2015, Damaris Stein

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

Central America has the longest experience with regional integration efforts apart from Europe and regional integration was on its rise with the establishment of the Central American Integration System (SICA). However, the organization has been struggling to move the integration process further; experiencing a climax of fragmentation when Costa Rica left SICA during the Cuban migration crisis in 2015. This article focuses on the factors which contributed to the withdrawal of Costa Rica by looking at: (1) the institutional level of SICA; (2) Costa Rica’s policies that have hindered Central American integration; and (3) Costa Rica’s main reasons for its …

Joined-Up Government In The Prevention Of Terrorist-Financing Offenses By Nonprofit Organizations: An Evidence-Based Approach, Maliki Sukmana

Jurnal Politik

Indonesian interagency coordination to prevent terrorist-financing offenses by nonprofit organizations has several drawbacks. This article applies textual analysis and an evidence-based approach to draw effective coordination mechanisms from several countries’ experiences and to design a model of interagency coordination. The model illustrates mechanisms that can be the drivers of changes and minimize ineffective interagency coordination, which may lead to an increase in nonprofit vulnerabilities to terrorist-financing offenses. Evidence drawn from several countries that are contextually relevant to Indonesia, namely, Australia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, and Singapore, illustrates that effective interagency coordination potentially reduces the risks of terrorist financing and has synchronized …

Critical Engagement On Digital Sovereignty In International Relations: Actor Transformation And Global Hierarchy, Abid A. Adonis

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

The idea of digital sovereignty in the last twenty years increasingly reifies into chiefly policy making debates as the reaction of China’s determined activism on internet governance, Snowden’s case, and increasingly big internet corporations’ unchecked endeavors. International actors’ growing concerns on security, economy, data protection, and socio-political issues invoke new discourses on digital sovereignty since it bears global political consequences by nature. This stimulates recent intellectual debate in academic literature on how digital sovereignty affects (or be affected by) international politics. This article critically examines the development of digital sovereignty literatures. This article classifies literature taxonomically on four major themes: …

Indonesia And United States General System Of Preference (Us-Gsp): Eligibility Of Indonesia As A Beneficiary Country, Achmad Ismail

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

After 3 years, precisely in 2018, the United States reviewed Indonesia's eligibility in receiving US-General System of Preference (US-GSP) facilities. Interestingly, the results of the review have not yet been published. This happens for the United States assumes that Indonesia implements various trade and investment barriers that have a negative impact on the United States, one of which is due to the policy of limiting imports of horticultural products, the implementation of Gerbang Pembayaran Nasional (GPN) and so on. Then with the current conditions, how about the eligibility of Indonesia if it want to receive GSP facilities. This article argues …

Indonesia’S Image From China’S Perspective On South China Sea Dispute (A Preliminary Study On China’S Perception On Indonesia), Ardina Kartikasari

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

This paper discusses the image of Indonesia in the eyes of China on the South China Sea (SCS) dispute. China circulated the map of Nine-dotted lines in 1993 and since then China has behaved ambiguously towards Indonesia as the dotted lines encompasses some part of Indonesia’s North Natuna waters. China insists two countries have overlapping interests over some of Indonesia’s Natuna Exclusive Economic Zone which China claims as it traditional fishing ground. China, however recognizes Indonesia’s sovereignty over the Natuna Islands and has been cautious when dealing with Indonesia on the Natuna issue. This behavior continues until the last three …