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Articles 1 - 30 of 42
Full-Text Articles in Library and Information Science
Practicing Re-Enlightenment : Technology Revisited In The Age Of Climate Change, Gyuri Kang
Practicing Re-Enlightenment : Technology Revisited In The Age Of Climate Change, Gyuri Kang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In the age of climate change, the Indian writer Amitav Ghosh asks whether humanity is prepared for the unthinkable nature of climate events. The Earth’s climate is changing faster than humans can expect and adapt. Ghosh warns that modern people are too deranged to imagine in what forms of changes are approaching. His term, derangement, suggests that humans are no longer able to imagine the future world shaped by climate change. The signals of the unexpectable realities of climate change, however, may be hidden in existing knowledge. Here, technology can help us access this hidden knowledge through its ability to …
Maker Programs In Prek-12 School Libraries : Identifying The Drivers And Consequences, Shannon Mersand
Maker Programs In Prek-12 School Libraries : Identifying The Drivers And Consequences, Shannon Mersand
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In 2005, Dale Dougherty and O’Reilly Media founded Make Magazine, and coined the term Makerspace, which is broadly defined as a community workspace where people come together to solve problems using materials and tools they might otherwise not have access to (Dougherty, 2012). Recently, schools have allocated funding and resources into creating and maintaining maker programs in classrooms and libraries. Despite the overwhelming discussion of making and makerspaces in library practitioner-oriented publications, there is little scholarly discussion of maker programs in PreK-12 school libraries. This research addresses that gap by examining makerspaces in libraries in PreK-12 public schools in New …
Indicators And Warnings Of Russian Military Offensives, Evan Essex
Indicators And Warnings Of Russian Military Offensives, Evan Essex
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 was the only Russian military offensive that had adequate warning that the Russians would invade. The four previous instances of Russian military operations including intervention in Moldova (1992), invasion of Georgia (2008), annexation of Crimea (2014), and support for separatists in Eastern Ukraine (2014) all occurred without warning that Russia was going to invade and consequently, those target countries had no time to prepare. If NATO, allied combatant commanders, as well as their respective intelligence organizations want to be able to prepare and effectively respond in the future to Russian military operations, …
Taking A User-Centered Design Approach To Develop A Data Dashboard For New York State Department Of Health And Implications For Improving The Usability Of Public Data Dashboards / Narrative Competence And Cognitive Mapping As A Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy In The Education Of Emergent Bilinguals, Bahareh Ansari
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In recent years, the increased availability of public data dashboards provided opportunities to democratize data access by summarizing large amounts of data into accessible snapshots to facilitate educational efforts and encourage evidence-based decision-making. However, many current practices have not reached their full potential because the dashboard design has not accounted for users’ needs and preferences. This dissertation employed the user-centered design framework with three studies. Study 1 investigated the usability problems of existing public health data dashboards through an expert review of existing dashboards on government websites. Study 2 established the requirements of a usable design for public health data …
Government, Citizen, And Social Media : Understanding Police-Citizen Interaction On Weibo In China, Yumeng Luo
Government, Citizen, And Social Media : Understanding Police-Citizen Interaction On Weibo In China, Yumeng Luo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation systematically examined the Beijing Police Department (BPD) daily use of social media and citizens’ comments it received. Previous studies in the field of e-government and political communication in the Chinese context focused only on the measurement of quantitative indicators of government use of social media or a single event. This dissertation incorporates theoretical frameworks of e-government, public relations, and the public sphere to provide a detailed picture of citizen and government interaction in the Chinese context. Using the BPD as my case study, I not only explored government’s daily activities and engagement strategies but also examined the nuances …
Cheating Detection In A Privacy Preserving Driving Style Recognition Protocol, Ethan Sprissler
Cheating Detection In A Privacy Preserving Driving Style Recognition Protocol, Ethan Sprissler
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The growth of cloud-based services collecting user data for online analytical processing (OLAP), machine learning, and applications relating to the Internet of Things (IoT) has also increased concern with data privacy. Privacy-preserving data sharing using Secure Multiparty Communication (SMC) enables the exchange of encrypted data between parties to perform calculations while maintaining data privacy for both parties simultaneously. This research builds on established work that proposed a privacy-preserving driving style recognition protocol designed to work well with semi-honest actors. In this protocol, both parties follow the established algorithms and do not overtly attempt to deceive the other party into revealing …
A Mixed Methods Exploration Of Fairness Issues In Algorithmic Policing Systems, Emmanuel Sebastian Udoh
A Mixed Methods Exploration Of Fairness Issues In Algorithmic Policing Systems, Emmanuel Sebastian Udoh
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Algorithmic governance (AG) systems aim to utilize machine learning (ML) in the form of mathematical modelling and predictive analytics to achieve greater efficiency and accuracy, effect equal treatment and eliminate bias. In its application to policing, algorithmic policing (AP) or predictive policing applies tree-based risk training algorithms on criminal complaint data to predict where and when the next crime is likely to occur, and who the likeliest perpetrators and victims are. Thus, AP preemptively determines where, how, and when to deploy police resources. However, as more and more cities adopt AP, there are fears that AP may be reinforcing age-long …
An Investigation Of Open Government Data Utilization And Impact : Influential Factors And Stakeholders, Xiaoyi Yerden
An Investigation Of Open Government Data Utilization And Impact : Influential Factors And Stakeholders, Xiaoyi Yerden
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Since 2009, increasing numbers of countries have started their open data development. Through these efforts, they aim to improve government transparency, advocate innovation in public services and business, boost economic development and improve quality of life. In order to achieve these values of Open Government Data (OGD), just making the data open is not enough; OGD has to be actually used by people. Among previous research, there is a limited discussion on the actual utilization of OGD and the generation of OGD impact. Focused on OGD utilization and impact generation, this dissertation is designed 1) to identify research status, gaps …
Using Machine Learning To Predict Super-Utilizers Of Healthcare Services, Kevin Paul Buchan Jr.
Using Machine Learning To Predict Super-Utilizers Of Healthcare Services, Kevin Paul Buchan Jr.
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In this dissertation, I aim to forecast high utilizers of emergency care and inpatient Medicare services (i.e., healthcare visits). Through a literature review, I demonstrate that accurate and reliable prediction of these future high utilizers will not only reduce healthcare costs but will also improve the overall quality of healthcare for patients. By identifying this population at risk before manifestation, I propose that there is still time to reverse undesirable healthcare trajectories (i.e., individuals whose clinical risk increases an excessive healthcare and treatment burden) through timely attention and proper care coordination. My dissertation culminates in the delivery of state-of-the-art predictive …
Investigating Insensitivity To Prior Probabilities In Merger And Acquisition Decision Making, James A. Mcgaughan
Investigating Insensitivity To Prior Probabilities In Merger And Acquisition Decision Making, James A. Mcgaughan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In this dissertation I look at the high failure rates of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) and why there has been no discernible change in outcomes over the last several decades. Although we have greater access to data, sophisticated business intelligence (BI) and data analytics (DA) tools, and work by industry professionals and academics to improve the process, high failure rates have persisted. I explore the possibility that the representativeness heuristic could play a role, and specifically, the possibility that prior probabilities are being ignored in M&A evaluations. I use a mixed methods approach to explore the hypothesis that decision makers …
Leveraging Big Data : Predicting Traffic Risk And Providing Early Warning Due To Adverse Weather Conditions, Sreekumar E. Nampoothiri
Leveraging Big Data : Predicting Traffic Risk And Providing Early Warning Due To Adverse Weather Conditions, Sreekumar E. Nampoothiri
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The proliferation of big data has allowed researchers to delve deeper into data and gain better understandings within almost every field. In the fields of transportation planning and traffic management, past research has shown direct relationships among weather conditions and traffic speed, volume, and congestion. However, these studies have mostly relied on static data that were spatially and temporally sparse or collected on a specific roadway for a specific time period for research purposes. With the need to address the impacts of climate change, including an increasing number of extreme weather events as well as an increasing intensity of such …
Improving Query Reformulation In Voice Search, Ning Sa
Improving Query Reformulation In Voice Search, Ning Sa
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Conversational search has been obtaining increasing attentions in the field of Information Retrieval (IR). However, compared with the other applications of dialogue systems, the studies on conversational search are far from being sufficient. Lot of work is needed from the input to the output of the conversational search process. On the other hand, with the improvement in the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) technology, voice is now an optional input method in addition to text. Compared with the text-based queries, voice-based queries are found to be longer, and use richer language. The voice-based search is also found to be more flexible …
Modeling An Open Data Ecosystem : The Case Of Food Service Establishments Inspection In New York State, Mahdi Mirdamadi Najafabadi
Modeling An Open Data Ecosystem : The Case Of Food Service Establishments Inspection In New York State, Mahdi Mirdamadi Najafabadi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Open Government Data (OGD) is becoming an increasingly popular initiative around the world. OGD initiatives have a broad number of stakeholders from different sectors and are influenced by many political, societal, and technological factors. In this thesis, I used the notion of Open Government Data Ecosystem (OGDE) as a holistic perspective to the OGD phenomenon, which encompasses important actors, their reciprocal interactions, and their impacts on the OGD environment.
The Dynamics Of E-Petitioning Behavior In We The People : An Exploration Of Online Mobilized Collective Action, Catherine Dumas
The Dynamics Of E-Petitioning Behavior In We The People : An Exploration Of Online Mobilized Collective Action, Catherine Dumas
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this research is to gain a better understanding of the impact of e-petitioning as a collective mobilized action taken to express policy preferences and the way that signing behavior takes place. Previous studies have analyzed e-petition signature data to track and understand the relationship between signing activity, time, and success of a petition (Hale et al., 2013; Yasseri et al., 2014). By using data mining techniques, namely market basket analysis and social network analysis, this research will explore three case studies that consist of three sets of similar petitions that were initiated on the US e-petitioning platform, …
Examining Publicly Accessible Data Resources And Applications In Healthcare, Sarah Siddiqui
Examining Publicly Accessible Data Resources And Applications In Healthcare, Sarah Siddiqui
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis is a study of popular data resources in healthcare and their applications toward health information system design and development. The first section reviews the way data is collected with a list of websites where health datasets can be obtained; along with a summary of the recognized vocabulary standards that make it easier to understand and share this data. The next section discusses ways of data categorization for better analysis, recognizing that a significant proportion of health data is unstructured. The Recent Findings section highlights the changes in the data over the years and the ways in which their …
Clinical Information Extraction From Unstructured Free-Texts, Mingzhe Tao
Clinical Information Extraction From Unstructured Free-Texts, Mingzhe Tao
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Information extraction (IE) is a fundamental component of natural language processing (NLP) that provides a deeper understanding of the texts. In the clinical domain, documents prepared by medical experts (e.g., discharge summaries, drug labels, medical history records) contain a significant amount of clinically-relevant information that is crucial to the overall well-being of patients. Unfortunately, in many cases, clinically-relevant information is presented in an unstructured format, predominantly consisting of free-texts, making it inaccessible to computerized methods. Automatic extraction of this information can improve accessibility. However, the presence of synonymous expressions, medical acronyms, misspellings, negated phrases, and ambiguous terminologies make automatic extraction …
Music Social Tagging As A Validation Tool For The Frbr Conceptual Model, Kabel Nathan Stanwicks
Music Social Tagging As A Validation Tool For The Frbr Conceptual Model, Kabel Nathan Stanwicks
Information Science Theses and Dissertations
The International Federation of Library Associations developed its Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) without performing user testing to ensure that the model would meet the needs of professionals and users. Analyzing user-generated social tags in relation to FRBR entities and attributes will help determine if the layperson describes objects in a manner that conforms to the FRBR conceptual model. Number one songs from the weekly Billboard Hot 100 charts from 1958 through 2013 were randomly sampled, tags associated with the sampled songs were pulled from the last.fm Web site, and tags were analyzed to determine their relation to FRBR …
Reducing Medication Errors : A Dialectical Journey From The Phenomenological To The Ontological, Avinash Bachwani
Reducing Medication Errors : A Dialectical Journey From The Phenomenological To The Ontological, Avinash Bachwani
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Discrepancies in medication information lead to medication errors that impose an enormous, yet preventable burden on patients, the healthcare system, and society. The inordinate amount of attention given to the process of reconciling discrepancies has bestowed such inorganic dominance upon the process itself that the primal goals of medication management and patient safety have devolved into implicit considerations. A chief impediment that continues to forestall the homogeneous application of medication reconciliation is the absence of standardization. This dissertation disassembles the most significant barrier to standardization by unbundling the role of clinicians from the process, and additionally challenges the lethargy in …
Bioont : Improving Knowledge Organization And Representation In The Domain Of Biometric Authentication, Stephen Bryan Buerle
Bioont : Improving Knowledge Organization And Representation In The Domain Of Biometric Authentication, Stephen Bryan Buerle
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation explores some of the fundamental challenges facing the information assurance community as it relates to knowledge categorization, organization and representation within the field of information security and more specifically within the domain of biometric authentication. A primary objective of this research is the development of a biometric authentication corpus and an empirically derived ontological prototype, which aids and promotes further research into the fundamental ontological structure of the field of biometric authentication. In doing so this research explores the use of automated and semi-supervised ontological engineering, corpus analysis and natural language processes techniques in the development of this …
Music Social Tagging As A Validation Tool For The Frbr Conceptual Model, Kabel Nathan Stanwicks
Music Social Tagging As A Validation Tool For The Frbr Conceptual Model, Kabel Nathan Stanwicks
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The International Federation of Library Associations developed its Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) without performing user testing to ensure that the model would meet the needs of professionals and users. Analyzing user-generated social tags in relation to FRBR entities and attributes will help determine if the layperson describes objects in a manner that conforms to the FRBR conceptual model. Number one songs from the weekly Billboard Hot 100 charts from 1958 through 2013 were randomly sampled, tags associated with the sampled songs were pulled from the last.fm Web site, and tags were analyzed to determine their relation to FRBR …
Bayesian Model Testing Of Models For Ellipsoidal Variation On Stars Due To Hot Jupiters, Anthony Gai
Bayesian Model Testing Of Models For Ellipsoidal Variation On Stars Due To Hot Jupiters, Anthony Gai
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A massive planet closely orbiting its host star creates tidal forces that distort the typically spherical stellar surface. These distortions, known as ellipsoidal variations, result in variations in the photometric flux emitted by the star, which can be detected by the Kepler Space Telescope. Currently, there exist several models describing such variations and their effect on the photometric fux [1] [2] [3] [4]. By using Bayesian model testing in conjunction with the Bayesian-based exoplanet characterization software package EXONEST [4] [5] [6], the most probable representation for ellipsoidal variations was determined for synthetic data and two systems with confirmed hot Jupiter …
Topic Modeling For E-Petition Analysis : Interpreting Petitioners' Policy Priorities, Loni Hagen
Topic Modeling For E-Petition Analysis : Interpreting Petitioners' Policy Priorities, Loni Hagen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Obama Administration launched an e-petitioning site called “We the People” (WtP) in 2011 to encourage the submission of citizens’ policy suggestions. Since 2011, thousands of petitions have been submitted to this site. Analysis of the contents of petition texts using topic modeling may enable policy makers and government leaders to identify latent topics of public interest that are not otherwise apparent.
The Decision-Making Processes Of Nontraditional Or For Sale By Owner (Fsbo) Home Sellers Engaged In The Listing And Sale Of Their Homes, Valentin Demarco Jr.
The Decision-Making Processes Of Nontraditional Or For Sale By Owner (Fsbo) Home Sellers Engaged In The Listing And Sale Of Their Homes, Valentin Demarco Jr.
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In spite of promises that the Internet would allow people to buy and sell their homes without intermediaries, real-estate agents still control approximately 90% of the transactions made in the 2.5-trillion-dollar residential real-estate industry. Existing literature has yet to provide conclusive arguments as to why the expected disintermediation has not occurred. Tentative arguments include claims that policy is biased in favor of agents, or that agents have a broader social network than their customers which helps them sell faster and for a better price. Most studies make the assumption that agents matter. They analyze the real-estate market from the perspective …
Scholarly Collaboration And Information & Communications Technologies (Icts) In Information Sciences : A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Research Collaboration Social Network, Xiao Liang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation investigates the changing effect of geodesic, cultural (organization, profession, and country), and knowledge boundaries on scholarly collaboration. It also examines how the change can relate to the development of Information & Communication Technologies (ICTs).
Time Will Tell : Temporal Reasoning In Clinical Narratives And Beyond, Weiyi Sun
Time Will Tell : Temporal Reasoning In Clinical Narratives And Beyond, Weiyi Sun
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Temporal reasoning in natural language refers to the extraction and understanding of time-related information conveyed in free text. A clinical narrative temporal reasoning component can enable a spectrum of medical natural language processing (NLP) applications that directly improve patient care documentation efficiency, accessibility and accountability. This dissertation contributes in three subtasks under temporal reasoning: temporal annotation, temporal expression extraction and temporal relation inferences. The temporal annotation work described in the dissertation produced one of the first publicly available clinical narratives. We published one of the first sets of temporal
Bus Stop Usage Evaluation And Brt Station Selection Strategy By Machine Learning Methods, Tianchi Zhang
Bus Stop Usage Evaluation And Brt Station Selection Strategy By Machine Learning Methods, Tianchi Zhang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
According to Commuting in the United States 2009, 86.1% of Americans commuted by car, light truck, or van, and about three-quarters of these individuals were driving alone, causing traffic congestion and raising environmental and energy-saving concerns in society. Therefore, transportation experts encourage the public to take public transportation and recommend the development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). Currently, bus service restructuring and BRT plans are based on rider surveys, community meetings and on-street interviews. However, these methods require large investments in manpower and material resources, and produce potentially biased results. In this research, the author used the machine learning method, …
Exploratory Study Of Student Instructional Choice In Online Learning, Andrew Hurd
Exploratory Study Of Student Instructional Choice In Online Learning, Andrew Hurd
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This exploratory study considers choice theory, decision theory, and the constructivist theory of education to explore college-level computer science learners' behavior when presented with multiple instructional modes (instructional methods for the presentation of course content, such as video, text, audio, animation, etc.) in an online learning environment.
Exploring The Impact Of Program Structure On Student And Faculty Scholarly Communities In Interdisciplinary Ph. D. Programs, Lenore G. Horowitz
Exploring The Impact Of Program Structure On Student And Faculty Scholarly Communities In Interdisciplinary Ph. D. Programs, Lenore G. Horowitz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Information Science doctoral program at the University at Albany, State University of New York, faces many of the same challenges found in highly interdisciplinary programs across educational institutions worldwide such as complex curricula development, abundant discipline languages and cultures, and stakeholders clinging to the traditional, single-discipline university system. In 2006, the University at Albany Information Science Ph.D. program faculty redefined the program's structure in hopes of addressing the challenges it was facing. Program structure is a social process shaped by community participation and is influenced by many factors including students, faculty members, and both informal and formal knowledge production.
Ensuring The Effectiveness Of Information Security Policy : The Development And Validation Of An Information Security Policy Model, Vivid Vicki Chen
Ensuring The Effectiveness Of Information Security Policy : The Development And Validation Of An Information Security Policy Model, Vivid Vicki Chen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this dissertation is to develop and test a conceptual model of an Information Security Policy (ISP) and to measure the benefits that accrue to organizations that implement and deploy such policies. As a result of rapid changes in technology, the importance of computer Information Security Policy (ISP) has increased dramatically. In recent decades, governments and private enterprises have increasingly come to store ever greater amounts of information on computers and on networks. Unfortunately, storing information in this manner not only makes firms engaged in cutting-edge technology vulnerable to hackers, but may also jeopardize customer / employee relations, …
Multiple Case Studies Of Public Library Systems In New York State : Service Decision-Making Processes, Xiaoai Ren
Multiple Case Studies Of Public Library Systems In New York State : Service Decision-Making Processes, Xiaoai Ren
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This research examined the functions and roles of public library systems in New York State and the services they provide for individual libraries and the public. The dissertation further studied the service decision-making processes at three selected New York State cooperative public library systems. Public library systems have played an important role in enhancing and expanding library services in the United States since the 1940s, but few existing studies on public library systems focus on their organizational processes.