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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Geography
A Cutting-Plane Method For Contiguity-Constrained Spatial Aggregation, Johannes Oehrlein, Jan-Henrik Haunert
A Cutting-Plane Method For Contiguity-Constrained Spatial Aggregation, Johannes Oehrlein, Jan-Henrik Haunert
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Aggregating areas into larger regions is a common problem in spatial planning, geographic information science, and cartography. The aim can be to group administrative areal units into electoral districts or sales territories, in which case the problem is known as districting. In other cases, area aggregation is seen as a generalization or visualization task, which aims to reveal spatial patterns in geographic data. Despite these different motivations, the heart of the problem is the same: given a planar partition, one wants to aggregate several elements of this partition to regions. These often must have or exceed a particular size, be …
Insight Provenance For Spatiotemporal Visual Analytics: Theory, Review, And Guidelines, Andreas Hall, Paula Ahonen-Rainio, Kirsi Virrantaus
Insight Provenance For Spatiotemporal Visual Analytics: Theory, Review, And Guidelines, Andreas Hall, Paula Ahonen-Rainio, Kirsi Virrantaus
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Research on provenance, which focuses on different ways to describe and record the history of changes and advances made throughout an analysis process, is an integral part of visual analytics. This paper focuses on providing the provenance of insight and rationale through visualizations while emphasizing, first, that this entails a profound understanding of human cognition and reasoning and that, second, the special nature of spatiotemporal data needs to be acknowledged in this process. A recently proposed human reasoning framework for spatiotemporal analysis, and four guidelines for the creation of visualizations that provide the provenance of insight and rationale published in …
Vgi In Surveying Engineering: Introducing Collaborative Cloud Land Surveying, Ioannis Sofos, Vassilios Vescoukis, Maria Tsakiri
Vgi In Surveying Engineering: Introducing Collaborative Cloud Land Surveying, Ioannis Sofos, Vassilios Vescoukis, Maria Tsakiri
Journal of Spatial Information Science
olunteered geographic information (VGI) has enabled many innovative applications in various scientific fields. This paper introduces a new framework called "collaborative cloud-based land surveying" (CCLS) that uses VGI principles for data sharing among surveyor engineers to boost the productivity and improve the quality of their applications. A cloud-based spatio-temporal data repository is presented, aiming to facilitate the sharing of VGI among surveyor engineers. A fully-functional distributed software application has been developed and used to apply CCLS in a large-scale land surveying project run by the Greek Ministry of Culture, which involves the mapping of the historic center of Athens. Results …
Sailing: Cognition, Action, Communication, Thora Tenbrink, Frank Dylla
Sailing: Cognition, Action, Communication, Thora Tenbrink, Frank Dylla
Journal of Spatial Information Science
How do humans perceive and think about space, and how can this be represented adequately? For everyday activities such as locating objects or places, route planning, and the like, many insights have been gained over the past few decades, feeding into theories of spatial cognition and frameworks for spatial information science. In this paper, we explore sailing as a more specialized domain that has not yet been considered in this way, but has a lot to offer precisely because of its peculiarities. Sailing involves ways of thinking about space that are not normally required (or even acquired) in everyday life. …
Editorial, Matt Duckham
Fundamentals Of Satellite Remote Sensing: An Environmental Approach 2e, Luke Wallace
Fundamentals Of Satellite Remote Sensing: An Environmental Approach 2e, Luke Wallace
Journal of Spatial Information Science
Book review of Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing: An Environmental Approach 2e" by Emilio Chuvieco"
Quantifying Space, Understanding Minds: A Visual Summary Approach, Mark Simpson, Kai-Florian Richter, Jan Oliver Wallgrün, Alexander Klippel
Quantifying Space, Understanding Minds: A Visual Summary Approach, Mark Simpson, Kai-Florian Richter, Jan Oliver Wallgrün, Alexander Klippel
Journal of Spatial Information Science
This paper presents an illustrated, validated taxonomy of research that compares spatial measures to human behavior. Spatial measures quantify the spatial characteristics of environments, such as the centrality of intersections in a street network or the accessibility of a room in a building from all the other rooms. While spatial measures have been of interest to spatial sciences, they are also of importance in the behavioral sciences for use in modeling human behavior. A high correlation between values for spatial measures and specific behaviors can provide insights into an environment's legibility, and contribute to a deeper understanding of human spatial …
Modeling And Manipulating Spacetime Objects In A True 4d Model, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
Modeling And Manipulating Spacetime Objects In A True 4d Model, Ken Arroyo Ohori, Hugo Ledoux, Jantien Stoter
Journal of Spatial Information Science
The concept of spacetime has long been used in physics to refer to models that integrate 3D space and time as a single 4D continuum. We argue in this paper that it is also advantageous to use this concept in a practical geographic context by realizing a true 4D model, where time is modeled and implemented as a dimension in the same manner as the three spatial dimensions. Within this paper we focus on 4D vector objects, which can be implemented using dimension-independent data structures such as generalized maps. A 4D vector model allows us to create and manipulate models …
Cognitively Plausible Representations For The Alignment Of Sketch And Geo-Referenced Maps, Sahib Jan, Angela Schwering, Carl Schultz, Malumbo Chaka Chipofya
Cognitively Plausible Representations For The Alignment Of Sketch And Geo-Referenced Maps, Sahib Jan, Angela Schwering, Carl Schultz, Malumbo Chaka Chipofya
Journal of Spatial Information Science
In many geo-spatial applications, freehand sketch maps are considered as an intuitive way to collect user-generated spatial information. The task of automatically mapping information from such hand-drawn sketch maps to geo-referenced maps is known as the alignment task. Researchers have proposed various qualitative representations to capture distorted and generalized spatial information in sketch maps, however thus far the effectiveness of these representations has not been evaluated in the context of an alignment task. This paper empirically evaluates a set of cognitively plausible representations for alignment using real sketch maps collected from two different study areas with the corresponding geo-referenced maps. …
Topological Augmentation: A Step Forward For Qualitative Partition Reasoning, Matthew P. Dube
Topological Augmentation: A Step Forward For Qualitative Partition Reasoning, Matthew P. Dube
Journal of Spatial Information Science
The current state of the art for partition based qualitative spatial reasoning systems such as the 9-intersection, 9+-intersection, direction relation matrix, and peripheral direction relations is that of the binary set intersection — either empty or non-empty — conveying the intersection (or lack thereof) of an object in the sets deriving the partition. While such representations are sufficient for topological components of objects, these representations are not sufficient for various tasks in qualitative spatial reasoning (composition, representation transfer, converse, etc.) regarding partitions as tiles. Topological augmentation expands the current binary status quo into a system of assigning topological relations between …
A Spatial Collaboration: Building A Multi-Institution Geospatial Data Discovery Portal, Mara Blake, Karen Majewicz, Ryan Mattke, Kathleen W. Weessies
A Spatial Collaboration: Building A Multi-Institution Geospatial Data Discovery Portal, Mara Blake, Karen Majewicz, Ryan Mattke, Kathleen W. Weessies
Collaborative Librarianship
As academic education and research increasingly take advantage of geospatial data and methodologies, we see a corresponding exponential growth in the number of available geospatial resources in the form of GIS datasets and scanned historical maps. However, users can experience difficulty finding these resources due to the unconnected multitude of platforms and clearinghouses that host them. Additionally, the resources are not always well described with web semantic metadata that facilitates discovery. In response to this challenge, The Big Ten Academic Alliance Geospatial Data Project began in 2015 to provide discoverability, facilitate access, and connect scholars to geospatial resources. Our project …
Using Osgeo Solutions For Local Development Systems Implementation. The Experience For The Northern Region Of Costa Rica, López-Villegas Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Leonardo
Using Osgeo Solutions For Local Development Systems Implementation. The Experience For The Northern Region Of Costa Rica, López-Villegas Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Oscar, Víquez-Acuña Leonardo
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
Although some general definitions classify Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) as technological standards, institutional and even political agreements, which allow the discovery and use of geospatial information by users for different purposes [Kuhn 2005], computationally this platforms are valuable data repositories that should reach people efficiently and effectively for analysis and decision making on issues of collective interest. Costa Rica has several SDIs experiences at national level (SNIT - http://www.snitcr.go.cr), regional level (IDEHN - http://www.idehn.tec.ac.cr) or local/cantonal level (IDESCA - http://idesca.cr). Those infrastructures can facilitate access between geospatial information managers and their consumers through the implementation of particular software applications. The …
The Development Of Japanese City's Future Simulation System: My City Forecast, Toshikazu Seto, Hiroshi Omata, Yuki Fukushima, Yoko Hasegawa, Midori Maeda, Yoshihide Sekimoto
The Development Of Japanese City's Future Simulation System: My City Forecast, Toshikazu Seto, Hiroshi Omata, Yuki Fukushima, Yoko Hasegawa, Midori Maeda, Yoshihide Sekimoto
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
In recent years, the optimization of urban management due to the rapid population decline has been one of the major issues in Japan. Future population estimation and related statistical information, such as the location information of the public facility is now available to open. However, open data utilization in the urban planning field is not advanced in comparison with other countries. We constructed the Web system using FOSS4G that citizens can be the future image of the city to operate on their own. It used mainly below FOSS4G tools; OpenLayers, PostGIS, Pgrouting and Geocolor. The collected data calculated in advance, …
Benchmark: Using Sensors To Study Public Space, Mario A. Giampieri, Sarah Williams, Wenfei Xu, Hayrettin Gunc, Christine M. Langston, Dennis C. Harvey
Benchmark: Using Sensors To Study Public Space, Mario A. Giampieri, Sarah Williams, Wenfei Xu, Hayrettin Gunc, Christine M. Langston, Dennis C. Harvey
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
Efforts have been made throughout history to measure how people use public space. This research seeks to integrate a range of sensor technologies to automate analysis of pedestrian usage of public space. A range of environmental sensors, image recognition utilities, and open-source software are combined to create a system to measure in detail how people use public space, with the intention of serving as a tool for creating better public spaces in the future. This framework is part of a broader effort to offer organizations and individuals methods and data to inform place-making interventions at multiple scales in conjunction with …
The Utility Of Beautiful Visualizations, Laura Tateosian, Reza Amindarbari, Christopher Healey, Pavel Kosik, James Enns
The Utility Of Beautiful Visualizations, Laura Tateosian, Reza Amindarbari, Christopher Healey, Pavel Kosik, James Enns
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
Geovisualizations provide a means to inspect large complex multivariate datasets for information that would not otherwise be available with a tabular view or summary statistics alone. Aesthetically appealing visualizations can elicit prolonged exploration and encourage discovery. Creating data geovisualizations that are effective and beautiful is an important yet difficult challenge. Here we present a tool for rendering geovisualizations of continuous spatial data using the painterly techniques of impressionist-era artists. The techniques, which have been tested in controlled studies, vary the visual properties (e.g., hue, size, and tilt) of brush strokes to represent multiple data attributes simultaneously in each location. To …
Tracking 19th Century Late Blight From Archival Documents Using Text Analytics And Geoparsing, Laura Tateosian, Rachael Guenter, Yi-Peng Yang, Jean Ristaino
Tracking 19th Century Late Blight From Archival Documents Using Text Analytics And Geoparsing, Laura Tateosian, Rachael Guenter, Yi-Peng Yang, Jean Ristaino
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
In 1845, Ireland's potato crop was struck by a devastating potato disease that killed Ireland’s crop caused devastation for seven years and led to mass starvation and emigration from the country. The cause of the potato destruction was a fungus-like plant pathogen. There are several theories about the origin of the disease and the source of the 19th century outbreaks. We use historical documents contemporary to that time to investigate spatial information that might inform these mysteries. We present methodologies for automatically extracting information from these voluminous data sources. We identify and map geographic locations that are proximate in the …
The Billion Object Platform (Bop): A System To Lower Barriers To Support Big, Streaming, Spatio-Temporal Data Sources, Devika Kakkar, Ben Lewis, David Smiley, Ariel Nunez
The Billion Object Platform (Bop): A System To Lower Barriers To Support Big, Streaming, Spatio-Temporal Data Sources, Devika Kakkar, Ben Lewis, David Smiley, Ariel Nunez
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
With funding from the Sloan Foundation and Harvard Dataverse, the Harvard Center for Geographic Analysis (CGA) has developed a big spatio-temporal data visualization platform called the Billion Object Platform or "BOP". The goal of the project is to lower barriers for scholars who wish to access large, streaming, spatio-temporal datasets. Since once archived, streaming data gets big fast, and since most GIS systems don't support interactive visualization of millions of objects, a new platform was needed. The BOP is loaded with the latest billion geo-tweets and is fed a real-time stream of about 1 million tweets per day. The CGA …
Optimizing Spatiotemporal Analysis Using Multidimensional Indexing With Geowave, Richard Fecher, Michael A. Whitby
Optimizing Spatiotemporal Analysis Using Multidimensional Indexing With Geowave, Richard Fecher, Michael A. Whitby
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
The open source software GeoWave bridges the gap between geographic information systems and distributed computing. This is done by preserving locality of multidimensional data when indexing it into a single-dimensional key-value store, using space filling curves. This means that like values in each dimension are stored physically close together in the datastore. We demonstrate the efficiencies and benefits of the GeoWave indexing algorithm to store and query billions of spatiotemporal data points. We show how this indexing strategy can be used to reduce query and processing times by multiple orders of magnitude using publicly available taxi trip data published by …
A New Spatial Approach For Efficient Transformation Of Equality - Generalized Tsp To Tsp, Mohammed Zia, Ziyadin Cakir, Dursun Zafer Seker
A New Spatial Approach For Efficient Transformation Of Equality - Generalized Tsp To Tsp, Mohammed Zia, Ziyadin Cakir, Dursun Zafer Seker
Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial (FOSS4G) Conference Proceedings
The Equality - Generalized Travelling Salesman Problem (E-GTSP) asks to find a Hamiltonian cycle visiting each group exactly once, where each group represents a type of visiting node. This can represent a range of combinatorial optimization problem of NP-hard type like planning, logistics, etc. Its solution requires transformation of E-GTSP to TSP before solving it using a given TSP solver. This paper presents 5 different search-algorithms for optimal transformation which considers spatial spread of nodes of each group. Algorithms are tested over 15 cities with different street-network’s fractal-dimension for 5 instances of group-counts each. It’s observed that the R-Search algorithm, …
Towards Food Service Sustainability In Suburban Environments By Optimally Locating Shared Anaerobic Digester Units, Rebecca Loraamm, Joni Downs, Robert Alonso Bair, Daniel Yeh
Towards Food Service Sustainability In Suburban Environments By Optimally Locating Shared Anaerobic Digester Units, Rebecca Loraamm, Joni Downs, Robert Alonso Bair, Daniel Yeh
Suburban Sustainability
Anaerobic digestion is an effective method for reducing food waste at the consumer level. Drawbacks associated with this strategy include high construction costs for multiple digester units and limited public awareness of the method’s commercial potential. Given the large scale problem of food waste, an approach establishing community partnerships between local businesses and primary schools is offered to combat the problem of food waste. Optimizing the placement of shared digester units enabling utilization by multiple stakeholders is the suggested mitigation method. This research explores application of the p-median problem to determine the set of optimal sites for shared anaerobic digester …
The Mobile Monitoring Of Particulate Matter Through Wearable Sensors And Their Influence On Students' Environmental Attitudes, Joseph M. Abbate
The Mobile Monitoring Of Particulate Matter Through Wearable Sensors And Their Influence On Students' Environmental Attitudes, Joseph M. Abbate
DePaul Discoveries
While we have a comprehensive understanding of air pollutants, and their spatiotemporal characteristics across global, and even regional, scales, we are quite limited in our capacity to monitor neighborhood-scale emissions. The mobile monitoring of air pollution is a growing field, prospectively filling in these gaps while personalizing air quality-based tools and risk assessment. In the present study, we developed wearable sensors for particulate matter (PM); and through a citizen science approach, students of partnering Chicago schools monitored PM concentrations throughout their commutes over a five-day period. While their recorded findings would be used to explore the relationship between PM concentrations …
Spatial Analysis Of Tornado Warning System Understanding And Relationship With Tornado Occurrence, Chesnea A. Skeen
Spatial Analysis Of Tornado Warning System Understanding And Relationship With Tornado Occurrence, Chesnea A. Skeen
Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee
Tornadoes present a significant threat to life and property. The National Weather Service watch and warning system warns the public of tornadoes. If these warnings are not heeded by the public, the potential fatalities and destruction of property cannot be minimized. Thus, to prevent further loss of life and property, it is necessary to understand how the public understands the watch and warning system, as well as how they react. This paper aims to understand the correlation between understanding of watches and warnings and the occurrence of tornadoes, as well as how understanding varies spatially. Survey data were collected from …
Economic Evaluation Of Coastal Land Loss In Louisiana, Stephen R. Barnes, Craig Bond, Nicholas Burger, Kate Anania, Aaron Strong, Sarah Weilant, Stephanie Virgets
Economic Evaluation Of Coastal Land Loss In Louisiana, Stephen R. Barnes, Craig Bond, Nicholas Burger, Kate Anania, Aaron Strong, Sarah Weilant, Stephanie Virgets
Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics
Louisiana has lost approximately 1,880 square miles of land over the past eighty years. Projections suggest that in a future without action, the next fifty years could result in the loss of 1,750 additional square miles of land area. As land loss continues, a large portion of the natural and man-made capital stocks of coastal Louisiana will be at greater risk of damage, either from land loss or from the associated increase in storm damage. We estimate the replacement cost of capital stock directly at risk from land loss ranges from approximately $2.1 billion to $3.5 billion with economic activity …