Economics Commons^™

Back To The Future? How The Global Powers And The Local Militias Hindered Un Multi-Dimensional Mediation In The Libyan And Syrian Civil Wars After 2011, Ahmed S. Mahdi, Melissia Shapib, Noura Gamie

Future Journal of Social Science

UN mediation efforts in the Libyan and Syrian civil wars, which followed the Arab Revolutions of 2011, were hampered by the great power intervention, and by the belligerents' insistence on solving the problem through military victory instead of negotiation. There is a shortage in the literature which examines an alternative, or how UN mediation can be improved. One of the few models to assess, and improve, UN mediation in civil wars is the so-called Kane Model (2022). Using the model presented by Kane to assess the procedures of a powerful UN mediation process in internationalized civil wars, this paper argues …

Approaches And Tools Of Peace And Conflict Management Between Two Perspectives, Yasmine Z. Radwan

Future Journal of Social Science

This study aims at pointing out the tools of peace and the approaches to conflict management and resolution presented in the Islamic and Western perspectives. It also searches for clarifying the convergent and divergent zones that could help in finding, analyzing and criticizing the basic concepts on which arguments and debates are constructed. This study concluded that the differences between the Islamic and the Western perspective are a human requirement for acquainting and integrating based on a crucial notion, which is identity. Identity is treated in details in many discourses and occupies a large place in the Western literature on …

The Economic Extension And Advisory System And Its Role In Advancing The Private Sector (Case Study: African Countries), Sharaf Ahmed, Muhammad Sewalim

Journal of the Arab American University مجلة الجامعة العربية الامريكية للبحوث

The paper aimed to highlight the importance of adopting an economic extension and advisory system to promote the growth of the private sector in the African countries. To achieve this purpose, a sample of 384 employees affiliated with the private sector in several African countries was surveyed. To analyze the results of the survey, the descriptive analytical method was used. The study concluded that there were no statistically significant differences regarding the importance of the economic extension and advisory system in promoting the growth of the private sector in the African countries and it is essential for the governments to …

Modal Sosial Keagamaan Dan Partisipasi Perempuan Muslim Indonesia Dalam Perburuhan, Rahma Nida, Yunisvita Yunisvita, Gustriani Gustriani

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

In recent years, the muslim majority countries’ focus on women’s labor force participation has grown, particularly Indonesia which stands out with its high female labor force participation rate. We aim to shed light on the relationship between religion and work decisions in Indonesia, employing data from the World Value Survey and utilizing logistic regression analysis. Our findings reveal that active participation in religious activities positively affects muslim women’s likelihood of working part-time and in the agricultural sector. Through the results, policymakers and relevant stakeholders can consider leveraging religious organizations as potential channels for promoting women’s labor force participation.

Criticizing The Asset Repatriation Policy For Tax Amnesty In Indonesia: An Interpretive And Comparative Study, Nidya Hapsari

Jurnal Vokasi Indonesia

Indonesia finds tax amnesty as a reliable funding alternative to develop a sustainable economy. Since 1964, Indonesia has implemented five tax amnesty programs. The latest two programs would offer lower amnesty compensation rates if taxpayers repatriated offshore assets back to Indonesia. However, the tax amnesty repatriation policy merely contributed minimal amounts of repatriated assets and low number of participants. Consequently, it failed to raise sufficient liquidity, fiscal revenues, tax compliance and economic growth. Hence, the study aims to (1) determine the justification and mechanism for the asset repatriation policy and (2) criticize the repatriation policy implementation. Applying interpretive and comparative …

Can Corporate Sustainability Performance (Csp) Overcome Indonesia's Corporate Debt Problems?, Johnson Ferry Febrian, Nora Sri Hendriyeni

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

Based on IMF publications (2022), Indonesian companies have a risky debt level that may cause bankruptcy, so companies are required to make leverage adjustments to return the debt to its optimal level. In recent years, corporate sustainability performance (CSP) practices have been proven to improve performance and overcome financial problems such as debt by integrating sustainability aspects into business processes. Based on stakeholder theory and trade-off theory, this study aims to examine the effect of CSP on leverage adjustment and the role of competitive advantage, equity mispricing, profitability, and firm size in moderating this relationship. This study used a sample …

The Strategies Of The Ziswaf Ctarsa Institution In Fundraising And Allocating Ziswaf, Cahyania Nursyabani, Wiwit Musaada, Nurul Huda

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

Zakat, infaq, alms, and waqf (ZISWAF) are Islamic social finance instruments that contribute to improving community welfare. On this basis, the CT ARSA Foundation established the ZISWAF CTARSA Institution. This study aims to determine the strategies of the ZISWAF CTARSA Institution in managing ZISWAF funds. The research method used is descriptive-qualitative with a field study approach. The data used came from interviews and literature studies. The results showed that the ZISWAF CTARSA Institution, as a relatively new institution, has successfully managed ZISWAF funds. ZISWAF's fundraising activities have proven to be very effective, both online and offline. The distribution model of …

Comparative Study Of Halal Certification Mechanism: Indonesia, Malaysia And Mexico, Faiz Nur Faiqoh, Nur Fatwa

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

This research was conducted to examine the handling and procedures for halal certification at halal certification institution in Indonesia, Malaysia as a Muslim-majority country and Mexico as a Muslim-minority country, and to analyze using the SWOT approach. Halal product certification in Indonesia is carried out by the Halal Product Guarantee Agency (BPJPH) under the auspices of the government (Ministry of Religion). The aim is to provide guarantees to the community, especially Muslims from the products consumed. And in Malaysia it is carried out by JAKIM (Department of Islamic Development Malaysia) under the post of prime minister of Malaysia. While in …

Pengaruh Proses Recovery Klaim Terhadap Pembayaran Klaim Nasabah, Aulia Yasmin, Karin Amelia Safitri, Fachri Muslim

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

This final project discusses the recovery process policy at PT Takaful Umum and its impact on the effectiveness of the company's risk management. The research method involves a literature study and interviews with several employees. It was found that the current policy at PT Takaful Umum still needs improvement (digitalization) related to the recovery process, including direct claim payments to customers before billing to reinsurance companies, as well as billing methods that are still considered lacking by reinsurance companies. Comparisons with the policies of several companies show significant differences in approach, where claims are submitted to the reinsurance company first …

Comparison Of Value At Risk Using Historical And Monte Carlo Methods On Pt Xyz Stock Portofolio, Eka Fitriani, Yulial Hikmah, Ira Rosianal Hikmah

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan

One way to achieve profits in a company is through investment activities. However, everything has risks. Investing can also be risky. Therefore, the relationship between risk and investment is important because it will influence the determination of investment selection. The problem faced by investors is choosing an efficient portfolio, or a portfolio that provides the smallest risk. This risk can be done by measuring risk, one of which is using the Value at Risk (VaR) measure. Measurement using Value at Risk has several methods that are quite popular, namely the Historical Method, Variance-Covariance, and Monte Carlo. In this research, the …

Analyzing Legal And Economic Barriers Faced By Handicraft Enterprises In E-Commerce Adoption: Evidence From Uttar Pradesh, India, Sandhya Dwivedi, Jaya Prakash Pradhan

Arab Economic and Business Journal

In recent years, the rise of e-commerce has revolutionized the way businesses operate across various sectors. Handicraft enterprises, too, have experienced tremendous growth through the adoption of e-commerce platforms. Through this study, we tried to achieve research objectives and shed light on the specific barriers and challenges that handicraft enterprises face when it comes to adopting e-commerce and how it has impacted their market access. Through the utilization of a framework for understanding barriers and challenges, the study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of the barriers hindering e-commerce adoption in the handicraft industry. Primary data was collected from 545 …

Returns To Education For Indigenous Populations In The Us: How Women Compared To Men?, Kianna Big Crow

Scholarly Horizons: University of Minnesota, Morris Undergraduate Journal

Previous research finds large gaps in the labor market outcomes for the Indigenous population. Despite recent improvements, Indigenous workers lag other racial groups in terms of educational attainment and earnings. This study uses the 5-year American Community Survey Data (2018-2022) to estimate earning gains (returns to education) associated with college education for Indigenous workers and examine how Indigenous workers fare compared to workers from other racial groups. The research finds that the marginal benefit to a college education is lower for AIAN workers when compared to their white peers. In fact, the marginal benefit from a college education compared to …

To What Extent Did Karl Marx's Political Thought Influence The Occupy Wall Street Movement In The 21st Century?, Madalyn A. Schroeder

The Confluence

The research will investigate the intriguing influences of Karl Marx’s political thought and the Occupy Wall Street movement that came to be in the 21st Century. The study looks to measure the depth and significance of Marx’s influence on a modern sociopolitical movement driven by economic inequality and social justice concerns. By taking a multidisciplinary approach that combines political theory, social activism analysis, and historical context, this investigation shows the extent to which Marx’s ideas informed the ideological foundation and strategies of the Occupy Wall Street movement. By looking through primary sources, protest literature, and the discourse of the movement, …

Situation, Needs, And Countermeasures Of Innovation Development In The Yellow River Basin, Kaihua Chen, Jie Lin, Chaokai Xue, Weiyu Duan, Langmei Zhu, Dongzhu Lu, Baorong Hou

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Yellow River runs through nine provinces (regions) in western, central, and eastern China. It is not only an important ecological security barrier in China, but also an important region for social activity and economic development. Strategically planning the development of the Yellow River Basin at the national level can not only accelerate the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, but also effectively promote the western development strategy and regional coordinated development strategy. Nevertheless, the poor carrying capacity of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin, the obvious feature of industrial development relying heavily on energy, and the …

Comparative Analysis Of Science And Technology Innovation Competitiveness In The Yellow River Basin, Weiyu Duan, Quanjing Wang, Kaihua Chen, Siqing Fang, Huiling Liang, Renhai Dai

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The assessment and comparison of the S&T innovation competitiveness among the provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin are helpful to better utilize the supporting and leading role of S&T innovation in the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Combined with the real characteristics of S&T innovation in the Yellow River Basin, the study considers five dimensions horizontally: S&T innovation input, S&T innovation output, S&T entrepreneurial condition, S&T innovation revenue, and S&T innovation influence. Vertically, it considers two types of indicators, namely, strength and efficiency, and constructs the index system of evaluation of S&T innovation …

Current Status, Challenges, And Policy Recommendations For Industrial Development In The Yellow River Basin, Chaokai Xue, Kaihua Chen, Quanjing Wang, Yujie Zhang, Xiaohui Qu, Mengfei Zhang, Haitao Ma

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The foundation for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin lies in the rational development of industry. This study systematically analyzes the current state of industrial development in the Yellow River Basin, examining traditional industries, strategic emerging industries, and future industries. Based on this analysis, it identifies key issues and development directions. The study reveals that the industrial structure in the Yellow River Basin is unreasonable; traditional industries have short chains and high energy consumption; the cultivation of strategic emerging industries is inadequate and poorly aligned; and comprehensive planning for future industries is inadequate. Therefore, it is …

Research On Current Situation And Optimization Strategy Of Cross-Regional Scientific And Technological Innovation Cooperation In The Yellow River Basin, Gupeng Zhang, Wenbo Guo, Huiling Liang, Jingjing Zhang, Dongzhu Lu, Baorong Hou, Yan Liang, Weiyu Duan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Realizing effective cross-regional innovation cooperation not only helps to enhance the overall scientific and technological innovation capabilities of the Yellow River Basin, but also is crucial for promoting the western development strategy and achieving industrial upgrading and leapfrogging in the western region. The innovation collaborative network composed of various enterprises, universities, and research institutes across different regions in the Yellow River Basin helps to break down information silos and help provinces and cities fully achieve information sharing in open scientific and technological innovation cooperation platforms. The cross-regional innovation collaborative network that have been constructed in the Yellow River Basin consists …

Digital Technologies Empower Innovative Development Governance Of The Yellow River Basin, Tara Qian Sun, Yingying Jia, Gaozuo Sun, Xixi Zhao, Rongping Mu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The application of digital technologies is the core driving force for innovating traditional development and realizing a leap in productivity. The innovative development governance of the Yellow River Basin is a complex social system, involving economic, social, and ecological aspects. Its key driving force is the profound influence of digital technologies. Focused on how digital technologies empower the innovative development governance of the Yellow River Basin, the development process, problems, and challenges are analyzed at different stages, from the digital Yellow River to the digital twin Yellow River. It is found that the governance of the Yellow River Basin still …

The Role Of Transformational Leadership And Job Satisfaction In Change Readiness In Petrochemical Industry Of Saudi Arabia, Maram Alshahrani, Harris Siddiqi Tahir, Bassem Emile Maamari, Beverley Mcnally

Arab Economic and Business Journal

Neglecting an organization’s readiness for change may have far-reaching influence on the success of a change process. This study investigates two factors that impact organizational change success, leadership and job satisfaction. The aim of study is to examine the relationship between transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and change readiness in the Saudi petrochemical industry context. The results reveal that change readiness increases job satisfaction of employees when leaders apply the principles of transformational leadership. The findings have implications for HR practitioners in designing leadership development programs to ensure job satisfaction, better and desired outcomes from an organizational change program.

Wasted Space: Using Parking Lots & Vacant Land To Improve Neighborhood Completeness, Ryan Martyn

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

This study conducts a spatial analysis of Portland, Oregon, focusing on leveraging underutilized areas like parking lots and vacant land—termed "wasted space"—to improve the city's completeness. Central to this investigation is the concept of a "complete neighborhood," characterized by access to daily necessities within convenient active transportation trip. This comprehensive idea encompasses walkability, equitable access to services, and sustainability.

This paper aims to redefine the concept of a complete neighborhood with precision and delve into its implications. The research looks at five regional, town, and neighborhood centers as defined by the city of Portland. These centers act as pivotal hubs …

The Relationship Between Microfinance Bank And Economic Growth In Nigeria, Muhammad-Bashir Owolabi Yusuf, Ridwan Olabisi Yusuff, Daud Ishola Jimoh

Arab Economic and Business Journal

The goal of this study was to investigate how Nigeria's economy and microfinance banks are related, using time series data from 1992 to 2021. The relationship was assessed using the ARDL model. Short-term negative relationship exists between Microfinance Bank Asset and Economic growth. Specifically, the results indicate that a rise in the assets of microfinance banks (MFBA) will slow Nigeria's economic expansion. Economic growth in Nigeria is considerable and favorably correlated with microfinance banks loans and advances. Finally, it was clear that there is a long-run equilibrium link between economic growth, microfinance banks' assets and their loans and advances.

A Systematic Literature Review On Overconfidence And Related Biases Influencing Investment Decision Making, Uttam Karki, Vaneet Bhatia, Dheeraj Sharma

Economic and Business Review

In the current market scenario, it has been observed that biases are among the most significant factors influencing investment decisions. Among these biases, overconfidence is a common phenomenon managers tend to exhibit while making decisions. To understand the role of overconfidence bias in investment decision making, this study thoroughly scrutinizes and consolidates the current research on overconfidence bias. To achieve the objective, this study performs a systematic review of literature utilizing the PRISMA approach and examines 92 journal articles published in the last 20 years. Results suggest that the other two biases—hindsight and confirmation—are related to overconfidence bias. In addition, …

Firm-Level, Macroeconomic, And Institutional Determinants Of Firm Growth: Evidence From Europe, Anže Burger, Andreja Jaklič, Klemen Knez, Patricia Kotnik, Matija Rojec

Economic and Business Review

To examine the main drivers of firm growth, we estimated a model integrating firm-level, industry-specific as well as country-level determinants, aiming at a comprehensive explanation of firm growth. We used a large dataset of European firms for the 2005–2017 period and combined Amadeus firm-level data with macroeconomic variables and multidimensional measures of institutional framework, based on a range of sources. Using different panel regression model specifications, we found the most consistent relationships for firm-level determinants. Among country-level determinants, infrastructure quality, inward FDI, natural resources, and inequality show a consistently positive and significant relation with firm growth.

The Relationship Between Culture, Sustainable Use Of Resources, And Financial Performance: An Institutional And Natural-Resource-Based Perspective, Deon H. Engelke, Noel J. Pearse, Fabio M. Correa, Frederick O. Skae

Economic and Business Review

Modelling a dataset of 5230 globally listed firms through two statistical approaches reflecting the primary principles of Natural-Resource-Based Theory and Institutional Theory, respectively, this study provides evidence that sustainability initiatives developed by firms are being rewarded in the form of improved Corporate Financial Performance (CFP). Culture has a significant influence on both firm sustainability performance, captured in ESG ratings, and CFP and also interacts with other variables, including industry sector and socio-economic development of a firm’s markets. This study is unique in hypothesising and statistically proving that sustainability is a mechanism that activates the potential of culture to produce CFP. …

The Impact Of Fiscal Policy On Macroeconomic Conditions In Pakistan: Insights From A Structural Vector Autoregression Analysis, Sarnaila Sharif, Saima Nawaz

Business Review

This article explores the relationship between fiscal policy and macroeconomic conditions in Pakistan using a robust Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model. Since fiscal shock has the tendency to put a constraint on the future path of government spending and taxes, as the intertemporal budget constraint holds. This element has been missed in most of the VAR studies. This study extends Structural Framework by incorporating the dynamic nature of public debt in analyzing fiscal policy shocks. Our investigation focuses on estimating the responses of output, inflation, and debt interest payments to changes in government spending and taxes, while keeping track of …

Examining The Aggregate Economic Impacts Of Criminal Record Expungement In Marion County, Indiana, Zane Callison

Lux et Fides: A Journal for Undergraduate Christian Scholars

This article investigates the individual economic effects of criminal record expungement identified in a previous article as they appear in the aggregate, particularly rates of unemployment and wages. As interest around the effects of overincarceration increases, criminal record expungement offers a possible solution to the economic woes faced by justice-involved individuals. To that end, this article examines unemployment rates and per capita personal income in Marion County, Indiana, where implementation of the state of Indiana’s criminal record expungement statute has been exceptionally effective. After an analysis, we find that criminal record expungement bears only a light or unclear causal relationship …

Education And Empowerment: The Role Of Cash Transfers In Challenging Barriers To Female Schooling In Mexico And Malawi, Kaelynn R. Mcclure

Lux et Fides: A Journal for Undergraduate Christian Scholars

Despite the wide body of research that supports the benefits of education in reducing poverty and empowering individuals, women around the world continue to face significant barriers to schooling. This paper examines key social norms and aspects of poverty hindering the path to education for girls and women, proposing the use of cash transfers to promote education worldwide. Case studies of two different cash transfer programs, PROGRESA in Mexico and SCTP in Malawi, are evaluated in terms of their effectiveness in providing opportunities for schooling and promoting women's empowerment.

Sustaining Digital Assets Through Mobile Estate Planning, Norliza Katuk, Asvinitha Muniandy, Norazlina Abd. Wahab, Ijaz Ahmad

An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)

Many people own online accounts, with some having financial values like Internet banking, e-wallet and cryptocurrency. In the case of sudden death, their heirs are unaware of the digital assets possessed by the deceased person, which causes the assets to be lost forever, and the heirs might not receive the assets. If an estate plan did not account for digital assets properly, the beneficiaries would not be able to access them. Therefore, this paper addresses this issue by implementing a software development approach in designing a suitable model for sustaining digital assets through smartphones to allow the inheritance of digital …

Capital Flow And Bank Lending Channels In A Small Open Economy: Evidence From Indonesia, Advis Budiman, Solikin M. Juhro, Sugiharso Safuan

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This paper investigates the implication of macro-financial linkages to explain the interaction of the financial and business cycles as the primary contributor to understanding the fluctuations in the Indonesian economy. It attempts to capture the interaction of the global financial and domestic business cycles through portfolio flow by incorporating investor behavior through a preference for domestic asset classes. Furthermore, due to information asymmetries between lenders and borrowers, we include the monitoring cost to explain the transaction cost in the credit market as a factor that drives macroeconomic fluctuations. Our findings demonstrate how financial imperfections can amplify the impact of global …

Trade Uncertainty And Bank Credit Growth: Evidence From China And The European Union Countries, Nazrul Hazizi Noordin, Mohamed Eskandar Shah Mohd. Rasid

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This paper examines the relationship between trade uncertainty and bank lending using a sample of commercial banks in China and the European Union (EU) countries. Using a sample of commercial banks in China and the European Union (EU) countries during the period of heightened trade uncertainty from 2017Q1 to 2021Q3 measured by Ahir et al.’s (2018) World Trade Uncertainty (WTU) index, we show that trade uncertainty slows bank credit growth. We find no significant difference in the lending response to trade uncertainty between Chinese and EU banks. Our additional analyses indicate that the credit-reducing effect of trade uncertainty is stronger …