Social Influence and Political Communication Commons^™

Giving Voice To The "Voiceless:" Incorporating Nonhuman Animal Perspectives As Journalistic Sources, Carrie Packwood Freeman, Marc Bekoff, Sarah M. Bexell

Sarah M. Bexell, PhD

As part of journalism's commitment to truth and justice by providing a diversity of relevant points of view, journalists have an obligation to provide the perspective of nonhuman animals in everyday stories that influence the animals' and our lives. This essay provides justification and guidance on why and how this can be accomplished, recommending that, when writing about nonhuman animals or issues, journalists should: 1) observe, listen to, and communicate with animals and convey this information to audiences via detailed descriptions and audiovisual media, 2) interpret nonhuman animal behavior and communication to provide context and meaning, and 3) incorporate the …

A Greater Means To The Greater Good: Ethical Guidelines To Meet Social Movement Organization Advocacy Challenges, Carrie Packwood Freeman

Carrie P. Freeman

Existing public relations ethics literature often proves inadequate when applied to social movement campaigns, considering the special communication challenges activists face as marginalized moral visionaries in a commercial public sphere. The communications of counter-hegemonic movements is distinct enough from corporate, nonprofit, and governmental organizations to warrant its own ethical guidelines. The unique communication guidelines most relevant to social movement organizations include promoting asymmetrical advocacy to a greater extent than is required for more powerful organizations and building flexibility into the TARES principles to privilege social responsibility over respect for audience values in activist campaigns serving as ideological critique.

Giving Voice To The "Voiceless:" Incorporating Nonhuman Animal Perspectives As Journalistic Sources, Carrie Packwood Freeman, Marc Bekoff, Sarah M. Bexell

Carrie P. Freeman

As part of journalism's commitment to truth and justice by providing a diversity of relevant points of view, journalists have an obligation to provide the perspective of nonhuman animals in everyday stories that influence the animals' and our lives. This essay provides justification and guidance on why and how this can be accomplished, recommending that, when writing about nonhuman animals or issues, journalists should: 1) observe, listen to, and communicate with animals and convey this information to audiences via detailed descriptions and audiovisual media, 2) interpret nonhuman animal behavior and communication to provide context and meaning, and 3) incorporate the …

Ondervraging Van Irakese En Afghaanse Insurgents: De Nederlandse Ervaringen, George Dimitriu

George Dimitriu

Gedurende de afgelopen jaren is de Nederlandse Krijgsmacht een aantal jaren actief geweest in Irak en Afghanistan waarbij honderden mensen gevangen zijn genomen en zijn ondervraagd. In tegenstelling tot veel andere landen die ook in Irak en Afghanistan actief zijn of waren, zoals de Verenigde Staten, Groot-Brittannië, Spanje en Canada, is Nederland tot op heden gevrijwaard gebleven van een groot martelschandaal of een binnenlandse discussie. Afgezien van een incident in 2006 toen krantenkoppen Nederlanders betichtten van marteling tijdens de missie in Irak, is er maar weinig voorgevallen. Bovendien luwde de ophef over het vermeende martelincident in Irak al snel. Hoe …

Public Relations And War: Socially Responsible Or Unethical, John R. Fisher

Dr. John R. Fisher

This article applies symmetrical public relations to warfare and argues that it is not possible because the purpose of public relations in wartime is to persuade and control information.

Ongeoorloofde Pressiemiddelen Tijdens Ondervraging In Extreme Situaties: Moraliteit, Effectiviteit En Efficiëntie, George Dimitriu

George Dimitriu

The paper is about the question whether alleged terrorists or insurgents in certain circumstances should be tortured. Does it yield any results? Is it effective? Paper in Dutch.

In veel landen, waaronder ook westerse, worden pressiemiddelen gebruikt bij ondervragingen vangevangenen. Sinds de aanslagen op 11 september 2001 in de Verenigde Staten en de ‘War on Terror’is de discussie over het toepassen van pressiemiddelen weer actueel. Ernstige schendingen van mensen-rechten door Amerikaanse militairen op Guantanamo Bay kwamen aan het licht. Wat zijn de morele argumenten om ongeoorloofde pressiemiddelen toe te staan dan wel te verbieden? Welke juridische kaders zijn er? En …