Communication Commons^™

Spatial Semantics For Better Interoperability And Analysis: Challenges And Experiences In Building Semantically Rich Applications In Web 3.0, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Foreigners' Archive: Contemporary China In The Blogs Of American Expatriates, Qi Tang, Chin-Chung Chao

Communication Faculty Publications

This study scrutinized blogs written by American expatriates in twenty-firstcentury China. The primary objectives were to explore how China is represented in such blogs and to understand the discursive processes through which the American bloggers utilize the blogging technology to narrate their perceptions of the Chinese realities. Drawing on the postcolonial and discursive perspectives, we have determined that the blogs examined here consist of a distinct discursive space of cultural representation and contestation. They were also interpreted as a digital extension of conventional Euro-American travel writing as they share with the genre a set of rhetorical conventions and face the …

Report D7.1 Recommendations On Safety Initiatives, Brian O'Neill, Sharon Mclaughlin

Reports

A central objective of EU Kids Online is to strengthen the evidence base for policies regarding online safety in Europe. Its findings regarding children’s online experiences from across Europe offer an unrivalled opportunity to gain greater knowledge of European children’s and parents’ experiences and practices regarding risky and safer use of the internet and online technologies, thereby informing the promotion of a safer online environment for children. This chapter draws out in summary form the main implications for policy making and highlights significant issues arising from the findings of the survey, aligning them with existing initiatives where relevant in the …

Advertising In Online Social Networks: A Comprehensive Overview, Silvia Stockman

Honors Scholar Theses

This paper examines characteristics of online social networking sites and their implications on advertising. The application of well known interpersonal and mass communication theories to the field allows for an in-depth look at behavioral cues and responses. The interactivity inherent in sites like Facebook, MySpace, YouTube, and in other forums encourages advertisers to tap into engaging their consumers. Types of targeting and the success of word of mouth referrals are examined, as are many of the common stumbling blocks. To better understand the potential versus the problems, we conclude with an analysis of return on investment.

Eu Kids Online: Risks And Safety On The Internet From The Perspective Of European Children, Brian O'Neill

Other resources

No abstract provided.

Product Life Cycle Theory And The Maturation Of The Internet, Christopher S. Yoo

All Faculty Scholarship

Much of the recent debate over Internet policy has focused on the permissibility of business practices that are becoming increasingly common, such as new forms of network management, prioritization, pricing, and strategic partnerships. This Essay analyzes these developments through the lens of the management literature on the product life cycle, dominant designs, technological trajectories and design hierarchies, and the role of complementary assets in determining industry structure. This analysis suggests that many of these business practices may represent nothing more than a reflection of how the nature of competition changes as industries mature. This in turn suggests that network neutrality …

Flexible Bootstrapping-Based Ontology Alignment, Prateek Jain, Pascal Hitzler, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

BLOOMS (Jain et al, ISWC2010) is an ontology alignment system which, in its core, utilizes the Wikipedia category hierarchy for establishing alignments. In this paper, we present a Plug-and-Play extension to BLOOMS, which allows to flexibly replace or complement the use of Wikipedia by other online or offline resources, including domain-specific ontologies or taxonomies. By making use of automated translation services and of Wikipedia in languages other than English, it makes it possible to apply BLOOMS to alignment tasks where the input ontologies are written in different languages.

Assessing Value Creation And Value Capture In Digital Business Ecosystems, Ravi S. Sharma, Francis Pereira, Narayan Ramasubbu, Margaret Tan, F. Ted Tschang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School of Business

Interest in business modeling of technology enterprises – the activity of designing the architecture for revenues, costs, products and/or services delivery and the overall value of an enterprise – has risen to prominence with the global crossing of the Internet chasm. However, as several studies have pointed out (c.f., Osterwalder, Pigneur & Tucci, 2005; Teece 2010; Zott & Amit, 2010), the investigations of business models and their fit with the strategy of an enterprise, have received little scholarly attention. In this article we formulate a framework, called ADVISOR, for modeling the business strategies of enterprises in the Interactive Digital Media …

Ontology Alignment For Linked Open Data, Prateek Jain, Pascal Hitzler, Amit P. Sheth, Kunal Verma, Peter Z. Yeh

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Web of Data currently coming into existence through the Linked Open Data (LOD) effort is a major milestone in realizing the Semantic Web vision. However, the development of applications based on LOD faces difficulties due to the fact that the different LOD datasets are rather loosely connected pieces of information. In particular, links between LOD datasets are almost exclusively on the level of instances, and schema-level information is being ignored. In this paper, we therefore present a system for finding schema-level links between LOD datasets in the sense of ontology alignment. Our system, called BLOOMS, is based on the …

Introducing Transliteracy: What Does It Mean To Academic Libraries?, Thomas A. Ipri

Library Faculty Publications

Transliteracy is recent terminology gaining currency in the library world. It is a broad term encompassing and transcending many existing concepts. Because transliteracy is not a library-centric concept, many in the profession are unsure what the term means and how it relates to libraries’ instructional mission and to other existing ideas about various literacies. Transliteracy is such a new concept that its working definition is still evolving and many of its tenets can easily be misinterpreted. Although this term is in flux, academic librarians should watch developments in this new field to continually assess and understand what impact it may …

Children's Online Activities And Their Parents' Knowledge And Perception About Online Opportunities And Risks, Brian O'Neill

Other resources

No abstract provided.

Motives For And Against Participating: A Hermeneutical Study Of Media Participation In Norway And Ireland, 2005-2006, Lars Nyre, Brian O'Neill

Conference Papers

There is a tension between consumer and citizen motives for participating in media and the internet. The first is oriented to personal gain and self-fulfillment, while the second is oriented to long-term collective goals of a political nature. People are in the process of adopting these motives to the social media and their participatory requirements, and tensions run high. This chapter discusses two forms of motivation; enjoyment and engagement, and we define them normatively to inform our empirical analysis of reasoning by consenting adults in Dublin, Ireland (2006) and Bergen, Norway (2005). We asked 64 people about their participation in …

Metadata For Digital Audio Collections, Eben English

University Libraries: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Slides from a webinar presented on October 12, 2010 as part of the "Metadata Matters" educational series sponsored by the Digital Collections Users' Group (DCUG) of the Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois (CARLI).

This session covered how standard metadata schemas such as Dublin Core and METS can be applied to digital audio collections, as well as the embedded metadata fields in digital audio file formats such as WAV, BWF, and MP3. The session also discussed how the unique characteristics of archival audio materials – such as oral histories, lectures, radio broadcasts, and musical performances – can best …

New Trends In Automatic Assessment: Ontology Matching, Maria Mitina, Patricia Magee, John Cardiff

Conference Papers

Instant individual feedback represents a result of assessment which allows for considerable improvements in both teaching and learning. In this paper we present the application of ontology matching techniques in automatic correction of students’ answers for SQL tests, which will provide teachers with instant feedback to facilitate manual correction and marking and which they can pass to the students. Students experience many problems learning SQL due to the necessity to memorise database schemas, unclear feedback from the database engine on the execution of the query, etc. The program environment utilising the described approach is designed to solve the abovementioned problems …

A Digital Repository At Loyola University Chicago, Eben English

University Libraries: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Loyola University Libraries propose to develop a suite of services, systems, and online tools for the purpose of collecting, storing, organizing, and providing access to digital assets produced by Loyola University related to research, teaching, and learning. Functioning collectively as a “digital repository,” these initiatives will work in concert to facilitate a wide range of scholarly and archival activities, including content creation, collaboration, resource sharing, author rights management, digitization, preservation, and access by a global academic audience. This open-access repository will provide for increased discoverability, visibility and access to scholarship created at Loyola, and support the management and long-term preservation …

Introduction To Special Issue: Public Argument/Digital Media, Damien S. Pfister

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

This introductory essay to the special issue of Argumentation and Advocacy on Public Argument/Digital Media makes the case for a sustained interrogation of digitally-networked argumentation practices. To complement current scholarship on how new forms of digital mediation produce group polarization and truthiness, I suggest that argumentation scholars look at digital media as a rich source for the production and criticism of argument. Each of the essays in the special issue is then introduced by examining five cross-cutting themes that argumentation scholars may consider when examining how digital media produce networked argument practices: interactivity, instantaneity, scale, archiving, and search.

African American Ethnic And Class-Based Identities On The World Wide Web: Moderating The Effects Of Self-Perceived Information Seeking/Finding And Web Self-Efficacy, Jennifer R. Warren, Michael L. Hecht, Eura Jung, Lynette Kvasny, Mark G. Henderson

Faculty Publications

The web is a potentially powerful tool for communicating information to diverse audiences. Unfortunately, all groups are not equally represented on the web, and this may have implications for online information seeking. This study investigated the role of class- and ethnic-based identity in self-perceived web-based information seeking/finding and self-efficacy. A questionnaire is administered, asking African Americans about their class and ethnic identities and web use to test a conceptual model predicting that these identities are positively related to web-based information seeking and web self-efficacy, which are then positively related to web-based information finding. Gender and previous web experience are expected …

Free Speech And The Myth Of The Internet As An Unintermediated Experience, Christopher S. Yoo

All Faculty Scholarship

In recent years, a growing number of commentators have raised concerns that the decisions made by Internet intermediaries — including last-mile network providers, search engines, social networking sites, and smartphones — are inhibiting free speech and have called for restrictions on their ability to prioritize or exclude content. Such calls ignore the fact that when mass communications are involved, intermediation helps end users to protect themselves from unwanted content and allows them to sift through the avalanche of desired content that grows ever larger every day. Intermediation also helps solve a number of classic economic problems associated with the Internet. …

Promoting Children’S Interests On The Internet: Regulation And The Emerging Evidence Base Of Risk And Harm, Brian O'Neill, Sonia Livingstone

Conference Papers

Advocacy for child protection online has tended to flow against the tide of a dominant liberal discourse concerning the internet which posits that either the internet should not be regulated or that it can’t actually be regulated at all. Regulatory trends in Great Britain, in Europe and in the wider international arena have promoted models of co- or self-regulation whereby industries themselves with varying degrees of partnership or oversight by relevant state agencies practice ‘light-touch’ regulation based on codes established within industry fora with minimalist prescriptions on content and with ultimate responsibility for risk exposure shifted to the end user. …

Paper Chase: Resources To Organize Your Papers And Bibliographies, Sharon Bradley

Presentations

Shares data and information management software that is freely available on the Internet for personal and professional use. Includes overviews of Zotero, Evernote, and Mendeley, which enable users to format bibliographies as well as share and save important information as documents, photographs and audio files.

A Taxonomy-Based Model For Expertise Extrapolation, Delroy H. Cameron, Boanerges Aleman-Meza, Ismailcem Budak Arpinar, Sheron L. Decker, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

While many ExpertFinder applications succeed in finding experts, their techniques are not always designed to capture the various levels at which expertise can be expressed. Indeed, expertise can be inferred from relationships between topics and subtopics in a taxonomy. The conventional wisdom is that expertise in subtopics is also indicative of expertise in higher level topics as well. The enrichment of Expertise Profiles for finding experts can therefore be facilitated by taking domain hierarchies into account. We present a novel semantics-based model for finding experts, expertise levels and collaboration levels in a peer review context, such as composing a Program …

Ranking Documents Semantically Using Ontological Relationships, Boanerges Aleman-Meza, I. Budak Arpinar, Mustafa V. Nural, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Although arguable success of today’s keyword based search engines in certain information retrieval tasks, ranking search results in a meaningful way remains an open problem. In this work, the goal is to use of semantic relationships for ranking documents without relying on the existence of any specific structure in a document or links between documents. Instead, real-world entities are identified and the relevance of documents is determined using relationships that are known to exist between the entities in a populated ontology. We introduce a measure of relevance that is based on traversal and the semantics of relationships that link entities …

News Images, Race, And Attribution In The Wake Of Hurricane Katrina, Eran Ben-Porath, Lee Shaker

Communication Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study looks at the effect of news images and race on the attribution of responsibility for the consequences of Hurricane Katrina. Participants, Black and White, read the same news story about the hurricane and its aftermath, manipulated to include images of White victims, Black victims, or no images at all. Participants were then asked who they felt was responsible for the humanitarian disaster after the storm. White respondents expressed less sense of government responsibility when the story included victims' images. For Black respondents this effect did not occur. Images did not affect attribution of responsibility to New Orleans' residents …

Group-Based Social Network Characterisation Of Hidden Terrorist Networks, Belinda A. Chiera

International Cyber Resilience conference

Hidden networks arise in high-dimensional network structures when the hidden network members camouflage their existence by appearing randomly connected to the larger network structure, but in reality ensure they remain in persistent contact with one another over time. This paper takes a first step towards determining how to locate such hidden networks through the novel use of group-based social network metrics to characterise the features of hidden networks. Micro, meso and macro-level network analyses of the September 11 network and a selection of popular simulated terrorist network structures will show that the simulated networks are highly visible whereas the hidden …

Detecting Money Laundering And Terrorism Financing Activity In Second Life And World Of Warcraft, Angela S M Irwin, Jill Slay

International Cyber Resilience conference

In recent years there has been much debate about the risks posed by virtual environments. Concern is growing about the ease in which virtual worlds and virtual reality role-playing games such as Second Life and World of Warcraft can be used for economic crimes such as financially motivated cybercrime, money laundering and terrorism financing. Currently, virtual environments are not subject to the strict financial controls and reporting requirements of the real world, therefore, they offer an excellent opportunity for criminals and terrorism financers to carry out their illegal activities unhindered and with impunity. This paper demonstrates the need for suitable …

The Use Of Governance To Identify Cyber Threats Through Social Media, David M. Cook

International Cyber Resilience conference

Identifying which website, Facebook page or Linked-in connection could lead to an engagement with a terrorist group is beyond the capabilities of ordinary people. Differentiation of one website from another in terms of cyber threat is a complex problem in terms of separating those that encourage and sponsor radicalization and those that do not. These claims usually exist without evidence, and almost always without the opportunity to know where social justice and human-rights support ends, and reaction, dissidence and subversion begins. By overlaying the new modes of governance (NMG) framework against sites and connections that may be subject to ongoing …

Cross-Market Model Adaptation With Pairwise Preference Data For Web Search Ranking, Jing Bai, Fernando Diaz, Yi Chang, Zhaohui Zheng, Keke Chen

Kno.e.sis Publications

Machine-learned ranking techniques automatically learn a complex document ranking function given training data. These techniques have demonstrated the effectiveness and flexibility required of a commercial web search. However, manually labeled training data (with multiple absolute grades) has become the bottleneck for training a quality ranking function, particularly for a new domain. In this paper, we explore the adaptation of machine-learned ranking models across a set of geographically diverse markets with the market-specific pairwise preference data, which can be easily obtained from clickthrough logs. We propose a novel adaptation algorithm, Pairwise-Trada, which is able to adapt ranking models that are trained …

Pattern Space Maintenance For Data Updates And Interactive Mining, Mengling Feng, Guozhu Dong, Jinyan Li, Yap-Peng Tan, Limsoon Wong

Kno.e.sis Publications

This article addresses the incremental and decremental maintenance of the frequent pattern space. We conduct an in-depth investigation on how the frequent pattern space evolves under both incremental and decremental updates. Based on the evolution analysis, a new data structure, Generator-Enumeration Tree (GE-tree), is developed to facilitate the maintenance of the frequent pattern space. With the concept of GE-tree, we propose two novel algorithms, Pattern Space Maintainer+ (PSM+) and Pattern Space Maintainer− (PSM−), for the incremental and decremental maintenance of frequent patterns. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms, on average, outperform the representative state-of-the-art …

Addressing Relationships Among Moral Judgment Development, Narcissism, And Electronic Media And Communication Devices, Meghan M. Saculla

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Recently, Thoma and Bebeau (2008) reported moral judgment developmental trends among various samples of undergraduates and graduates where increases in Personal Interests reasoning and decreases in Postconventional reasoning were observed. In an attempt to explain such trends, they cited recent trends in increased narcissism among college students (Twenge, Konrath, Foster, Campbell, & Bushman, 2008) and also noted that certain types of technological devices (i.e. social networking websites, cell phones, etc.) may have adverse effects social decision-making and self-presentation. The current study, therefore, addresses the relationships among moral judgment development, narcissism, and electronic media and communication devices (EMCD's). Analyses support that …

What Is Research Telling Us?, Brian O'Neill

Other resources

No abstract provided.