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Articles 31 - 60 of 234
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Brave New World Reboot: Technology’S Role In Consumer Manipulation And Implications For Privacy And Transparency, Allie Mertensotto
Brave New World Reboot: Technology’S Role In Consumer Manipulation And Implications For Privacy And Transparency, Allie Mertensotto
Marketing Undergraduate Honors Theses
Most consumers are aware that our data is being obtained and collected through the use of our devices we keep in our homes or even on our person throughout the day. But, it is understated how much data is being collected. Conversations you have with your peers – in a close proximity of a device – are being used to tailor advertising. The advertisements you receive on your devices are uniquely catered to your individual person, due to the fact it consistently uses our data to produce efficient and personal ads. On the flip side, our government is also tapping …
Accessibility And Clarity Of Campaign Finance Databases In U.S. Cities, Ethan Bridgforth
Accessibility And Clarity Of Campaign Finance Databases In U.S. Cities, Ethan Bridgforth
Political Science Undergraduate Honors Theses
The purpose of this research project is to examine the varying states of disclosure at the municipal level depending on location and understand how the quality of campaign finance databases varies depending on what city one lives in. A literature review was conducted that focused on understanding the state of disclosure and transparency, as well as the relationship between technology and disclosure. An analysis of the campaign finance databases for six cities across the United States of America was also completed. Five individuals of differing demographics were asked to help rank the databases on a variety of aspects. I found …
User Charters, Instruments For Public Library Transparency And Communication, Ana R. Pacios, José María Gutiérrez, Fátima García, Ana M. Morales
User Charters, Instruments For Public Library Transparency And Communication, Ana R. Pacios, José María Gutiérrez, Fátima García, Ana M. Morales
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)
The implementation of user charters in Spain’s 53 State-run public libraries was reviewed and the 23 (43.3 %) found on institutional websites were analysed and assessed from the perspective of the active public disclosure, as provision laid down in Spain’s Transparency Act. Charter compliance with those provisions was evaluated in terms of the six parameters set out in the official tool for measuring transparency in Spanish governmental institutions, the Metodología Oficial para la Evaluación y Seguimiento de la Transparencia [MESTA, official methodology for assessing and monitoring transparency]. Three describe the information itself and how it is published (content, form, data …
Stress Tests And Policy, Greg Feldberg, Andrew Metrick
Stress Tests And Policy, Greg Feldberg, Andrew Metrick
Journal of Financial Crises
Ten years after the Federal Reserve’s crisis-era bank stress test, it is time to recalibrate the stress tests for “peacetime.” Outside of a crisis, supervisors should tailor stress tests to focus on their comparative advantages by taking a macroprudential focus, with severe scenarios that enable them to learn about emerging risks in both traditional and shadow banking sectors. In peacetime, also, supervisors should emphasize risk- management practices and be wary of forcing rapid changes in capital levels for individual banks, while linking stress-test results with countercyclical capital buffers across the system.
Unrules, Cary Coglianese, Gabriel Scheffler, Daniel Walters
Unrules, Cary Coglianese, Gabriel Scheffler, Daniel Walters
All Faculty Scholarship
At the center of contemporary debates over public law lies administrative agencies’ discretion to impose rules. Yet, for every one of these rules, there are also unrules nearby. Often overlooked and sometimes barely visible, unrules are the decisions that regulators make to lift or limit the scope of a regulatory obligation, for instance through waivers, exemptions, and exceptions. In some cases, unrules enable regulators to reduce burdens on regulated entities or to conserve valuable government resources in ways that make law more efficient. However, too much discretion to create unrules can facilitate undue business influence over the law, weaken regulatory …
External Disruptions To Qualitative Data Collection: Addressing Risks Relating To Brexit And Researcher-Participant Rapport, Shukru Esmene, Nick Kirsop-Taylor
External Disruptions To Qualitative Data Collection: Addressing Risks Relating To Brexit And Researcher-Participant Rapport, Shukru Esmene, Nick Kirsop-Taylor
The Qualitative Report
In this paper we present the importance of detailing the contextual conditions of a qualitative study to highlight any potential participant-researcher tensions. We emphasize the importance of understanding context in rich detail to expose societal complexities while maintaining positive participant-research rapport. Through two cases, this paper considers that bracketing, reflexivity, and transparency can be applied to form appropriate strategies to deal with external disruptions to qualitative fieldwork. The cases draw on Brexit’s impact on two studies conducted in the United Kingdom. In so doing, we argue that time, relevance, and the individuals involved can coalesce to express varied influences on …
Navigating Transparent Pork Production: Analyzing Visual Attention Of The Maschhoffs Website, Nellie Hill, Maggie Elliot, Courtney Meyers
Navigating Transparent Pork Production: Analyzing Visual Attention Of The Maschhoffs Website, Nellie Hill, Maggie Elliot, Courtney Meyers
Journal of Applied Communications
When it comes to food, consumers are increasingly concerned with the welfare of the livestock used to produce it. To display transparency and build trust with patrons, businesses such as The Maschhoffs, a pork production company, have created online tools to answer questions about production processes. This study implemented eye tracking and survey methodologies to attain insight regarding the visual attention of website visitors. While results revealed no discernable pattern of navigation among respondents, the findings illustrated a sector of the pork industry consumers expressed interest in was the breed-to-wean section of the farm. Researchers encourage agricultural communicators to develop …
The Dark Side Of Transparency In Developing Countries: The Link Between Financial Reporting Practices And Corruption, Tingting Liu, Yu Liu, Barkat Ullah, Zuobao Wei, Lixin Colin Xu
The Dark Side Of Transparency In Developing Countries: The Link Between Financial Reporting Practices And Corruption, Tingting Liu, Yu Liu, Barkat Ullah, Zuobao Wei, Lixin Colin Xu
Economics and Finance Faculty Publications and Presentations
This paper examines the impact of financial reporting practices on corruption obstacles for about 150,000 firms across 143 mostly developing countries from 2006 to 2019. We document a strong positive relationship between the production of audited financial statements (AFS) and corruption obstacles (CO) faced by the firm. We argue that in a corrupt business environment, rent-seeking bureaucrats use the credible financial information to optimize their bribe demands. Our baseline results remain robust after addressing endogeneity concerns. We further show that country-level institutional quality has a moderating effect on the AFS-CO relation. The evidence from surveying entrepreneurs also …
Giants: The Global Power Elite, Susan Maret
Revealing Challenges Of Teaching Secrecy, Jack Z. Bratich, Craig R. Scott
Revealing Challenges Of Teaching Secrecy, Jack Z. Bratich, Craig R. Scott
Secrecy and Society
All teaching has something to do with transmission of hidden knowledge, secrecy, and revelation. But the teaching of secrecy itself faces particular challenges. Drawing on the authors’ experiences teaching secrecy-themed seminars to first-year university students, this paper pinpoints four such challenges: how to determine the range of phenomena to cover in a short course, how to prevent excessive interpretation of secrets, how to encourage students to take a fun topic with seriousness, and how to engage students in their own practices of secrecy. In laying out these challenges, we aim to contribute to a secrecy literacy: a needed competency so …
Concealing In The Public Interest, Or Why We Must Teach Secrecy, Susan Maret
Concealing In The Public Interest, Or Why We Must Teach Secrecy, Susan Maret
Secrecy and Society
Secrecy as the intentional or unintentional concealment of information is the subject of investigation within the humanities, social sciences, journalism, law and legal studies. However, the subject it is not widely taught as a distinct social problem within higher education. In this article, I report personal experience with developing and teaching a graduate level course on a particular type of secrecy, government secrecy, at the School of Information, San Jose State University. This article includes discussion on selecting course materials, creating assignments, and navigating controversial histories. This article also sets the stage to this special issue of Secrecy and Society …
Lessons Learned: Christopher Seefer, Mercedes Cardona
Lessons Learned: Christopher Seefer, Mercedes Cardona
Journal of Financial Crises
Christopher Seefer was recruited to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC) to serve as the commission’s director of investigations. The 10-member bipartisan commission wascharged with investigating and determining the cause of the global financial crisis of 2007-09 (GFC). The commission held over 19 hearings and interviewed more than 700 people from September 2010 to January 2011 and produced a662-page report that attempted to explain why the crisis came about and the roles of government and private enterprises in the crisis.This “Lessons Learned” is based on an interview with Mr. Seefer.
Leader’S Relational Transparency And Team-Level Trust And Distrust, Jiri Krejci
Leader’S Relational Transparency And Team-Level Trust And Distrust, Jiri Krejci
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Team trust in teams of collaborative knowledge workers has been identified as one of the main mediators of team effectiveness, and one of the most important outcomes of effective team leadership. The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental study was to explore the relationships among relational transparency as a component of authentic leader’s behavior, and the levels of affect-based trust and distrust, as well as the relationship between both outcomes in context of the process of their emergence in a team setting. A total of 176 knowledge workers from a commercial business contact database participated. The relationships between these variables were …
Don't Change The Subject: How State Election Laws Can Nullify Ballot Questions, Cole Gordner
Don't Change The Subject: How State Election Laws Can Nullify Ballot Questions, Cole Gordner
Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)
Procedural election laws regulate the conduct of state elections and provide for greater transparency and fairness in statewide ballots. These laws ensure that the public votes separately on incongruous bills and protects the electorate from uncertainties contained in omnibus packages. As demonstrated by a slew of recent court cases, however, interest groups that are opposed to the objective of a ballot question are utilizing these election laws with greater frequency either to prevent a state electorate from voting on an initiative or to overturn a ballot question that was already decided in the initiative’s favor. This practice is subverting the …
Best Practices For Encouraging Instructor/Student Communication And Partnerships In Online Learning, Amanda W. Joyce, Jennifer Morrison, Tanya Romero-González, Martin Kane
Best Practices For Encouraging Instructor/Student Communication And Partnerships In Online Learning, Amanda W. Joyce, Jennifer Morrison, Tanya Romero-González, Martin Kane
Pedagogicon Conference Proceedings
When students and instructors communicate well, students’ GPAs, GRE scores, educational engagement, personal development, and satisfaction with their learning experience all improve. Similarly, when instructors are transparent in their course decisions and involve students as partners in their education, student retention, academic sense of belonging, student-instructor interactions, and networking opportunities all improve. However, face-to-face techniques for student/instructor communication, like informal before-class conversations or in-class question-and-answer sessions about assignments, can be challenging to implement in an online environment. The purpose of this piece is to discuss evidence-based strategies for improving transparency and communication in an online learning environment.
Due Process In Antitrust Enforcement: Normative And Comparative Perspectives, Christopher S. Yoo, Yong Huang, Thomas Fetzer, Shan Jiang
Due Process In Antitrust Enforcement: Normative And Comparative Perspectives, Christopher S. Yoo, Yong Huang, Thomas Fetzer, Shan Jiang
All Faculty Scholarship
Due process in antitrust enforcement has significant implications for better professional and accurate enforcement decisions. Not only can due process spur economic growth, raise government credibility, and limit the abuse of powers according to law, it also promotes competitive reforms in monopolized sectors and curbs corruption. Jurisdictions learn from the best practices in the investigation process, decisionmaking process, and the announcement and judicial review of antitrust enforcement decisions. By comparing the enforcement policies of China, the European Union, and the United States, this article calls for better disclosure of evidence, participation of legal counsel, and protection of the procedural and …
Contracting For Algorithmic Accountability, Cary Coglianese, Erik Lampmann
Contracting For Algorithmic Accountability, Cary Coglianese, Erik Lampmann
All Faculty Scholarship
As local, state, and federal governments increase their reliance on artificial intelligence (AI) decision-making tools designed and operated by private contractors, so too do public concerns increase over the accountability and transparency of such AI tools. But current calls to respond to these concerns by banning governments from using AI will only deny society the benefits that prudent use of such technology can provide. In this Article, we argue that government agencies should pursue a more nuanced and effective approach to governing the governmental use of AI by structuring their procurement contracts for AI tools and services in ways that …
Examining Organizational Factors And Their Impact On Older Adults In Life Plan Communities, Ajla Basic
Examining Organizational Factors And Their Impact On Older Adults In Life Plan Communities, Ajla Basic
Master's Theses
Aging in America continues to reveal multi-faceted concerns for both the industry and retirees; insufficient retirement savings, loneliness, and a high influx of older adults entering the retirement scene. It is expected that by 2030, 18% of the nation's population, the baby boomers, will have turned 65 (Cohn & Taylor, 2010). This demographic reality has led to increased research seeking answers to questions which emerge about the retirement age population. The Age Well Study is a longitudinal study looking at the impact of residing in a Life Plan Community. The data is collected through self-report measures by residents in the …
Law School News: 'Law Isn't A Foreign Language Anymore' 11/24/2020, Michael M. Bowden
Law School News: 'Law Isn't A Foreign Language Anymore' 11/24/2020, Michael M. Bowden
Life of the Law School (1993- )
No abstract provided.
Principal Agent Theory Means Fiscal And Budgetary Transparency: Egypt, Laila El Baradei
Principal Agent Theory Means Fiscal And Budgetary Transparency: Egypt, Laila El Baradei
Faculty Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Let's Stop Worrying And Learn To Love Transparency: Food And Technology In The Information Age, Scarlettah Schaefer
Let's Stop Worrying And Learn To Love Transparency: Food And Technology In The Information Age, Scarlettah Schaefer
Journal of Food Law & Policy
Food and technology have had a long and tempestuous relationship. Current methods of food production and processing in the industrialized world depend heavily on technological developments. However, all technologies are not created equal. Some can produce food that is safer, more sustainable, more nutritious, or longer lasting. Some can have the opposite effect: increasing opportunities for adulteration, increasing the difficulty in detecting food fraud, and contributing to both foreseeable and unforeseeable health or ecological costs. Increasingly sophisticated technologies often become less apparent to the average consumer. For example, consider irradiated meat or genetically modified foods as opposed to freezer storage …
Law Library Blog (November 2020): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law Library Blog (November 2020): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law
Law Library Newsletters/Blog
No abstract provided.
Reflections On The Power Of Mentorship, Jonathan Lee, Lisa N. Lindsay, Olivia Thomas, Grace Zhang
Reflections On The Power Of Mentorship, Jonathan Lee, Lisa N. Lindsay, Olivia Thomas, Grace Zhang
The International Journal of Ethical Leadership
No abstract provided.
Body-Worn Cameras And Transparency: Experimental Evidence Of Inconsistency In Police Executive Decision-Making, Brandon Tregle, Justin Nix, Justin T. Pickett
Body-Worn Cameras And Transparency: Experimental Evidence Of Inconsistency In Police Executive Decision-Making, Brandon Tregle, Justin Nix, Justin T. Pickett
Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Body-worn cameras (BWC) have diffused rapidly throughout policing as a means of promoting transparency and accountability. Yet, whether to release BWC footage to the public remains largely up to the discretion of police executives, and we know little about how they interpret and respond to BWC footage – particularly footage involving critical incidents. We asked a nationally representative sample of police executives (N=476) how supportive they were of legislation that would mandate releasing BWC footage upon request as public information, and presented them with an experimental vignette about BWC capturing one of their officers fatally shooting an [armed/unarmed] [Black/White] suspect. …
Public Perceptions Of Delays In The Release Of Police Body-Worn Camera Footage, Christopher L. Bush
Public Perceptions Of Delays In The Release Of Police Body-Worn Camera Footage, Christopher L. Bush
Journal of Sustainable Social Change
Delays in the release of police body-worn camera (BWC) video footage have amplified public concerns about police misconduct. People question law enforcement transparency when video from BWCs is not shared with the community in a timely manner. The qualitative case study explores the life experiences of the community and the victims’ family related to delays in the release of police BWC footage. Mettler and Sorelle’s policy feedback theory was used for the study’s theoretical framework. The research questions focus on understanding the lived experiences and perceptions of community relationships with law enforcement around transparency, communication, and information sharing. A qualitative …
Les Determinants De La Communication Publicitaire Dans Un Monde En Mutation : Comment Répondre Aux Exigences Du Développement Durable ?, Amina Saoussany
Les Determinants De La Communication Publicitaire Dans Un Monde En Mutation : Comment Répondre Aux Exigences Du Développement Durable ?, Amina Saoussany
BAU Journal - Society, Culture and Human Behavior
Résumé : Cet article ambitionne d’étudier les déterminants de la communication publicitaire dans le cadre de la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises dans un monde en perpétuelle mutation. A travers l’analyse d’un corpus de publicités vertes internationales, nous allons appréhender comment les annonceurs intègrent l’environnement dans leurs publicités et comment ils l’exploitent à des fins commerciales pour se démarquer de leurs concurrents. Qu’est-ce qu’un argument écologique ? A quoi sert-il ? Qu’est ce qui détermine une communication marchande verte et éco-responsable ? Comment éviter le greenwashing ? Quelles sont les stratégies d’une communication transparente et éthique qui respecte les exigences d’un …
Towards Greater Transparency In Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research: Use Of A Proposed Workflow And Propensity Scores To Facilitate Selection Of Matched Groups, Janet Y. Bang, Megha Sharda, Aparna S. Nadig
Towards Greater Transparency In Neurodevelopmental Disorders Research: Use Of A Proposed Workflow And Propensity Scores To Facilitate Selection Of Matched Groups, Janet Y. Bang, Megha Sharda, Aparna S. Nadig
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
Background
Matching is one commonly utilized method in quasi-experimental designs involving individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). This method ensures two or more groups (e.g., individuals with an NDD versus neurotypical individuals) are balanced on pre-existing covariates (e.g., IQ), enabling researchers to interpret performance on outcome measures as being attributed to group membership. While much attention has been paid to the statistical criteria of how to assess whether groups are well-matched, relatively little attention has been given to a crucial prior step: the selection of the individuals that are included in matched groups. The selection of individuals is often an undocumented …
Using Open Public Meetings And Elections To Promote Inward Transparency And Accountability: Lessons From Zambia, Taryn Vian, Rachel M. Fong, Jeanette L. Kaiser, Viviane Sakanga, Melvin Mwansa, Parker S. Chastain, Thandiwe Ngoma, Nancy Scott
Using Open Public Meetings And Elections To Promote Inward Transparency And Accountability: Lessons From Zambia, Taryn Vian, Rachel M. Fong, Jeanette L. Kaiser, Viviane Sakanga, Melvin Mwansa, Parker S. Chastain, Thandiwe Ngoma, Nancy Scott
Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications
Background
Community-led governance can ensure that leaders are accountable to the populations they serve and strengthen health systems for maternal care. A key aspect of democratic accountability is electing respective governance bodies, in this case community boards, and holding public meetings to inform community members about actions taken on their behalf. After helping build and open 10 maternity waiting homes (MWHs) in rural Zambia as part of a randomized controlled trial, we assisted community governance committees to plan and execute annual meetings to present performance results and, where needed, to elect new board members.
Methods
We applied a principally qualitative …
How Much Transparency Is Too Much? A Moment-To-Moment Analysis Of Viewer Comfort In Response To Animal Slaughter Videos, Troy G. Tarpley, Laura Morgan Fischer, Garrett M. Steede, R. Glenn Cummins, Amber Mccord
How Much Transparency Is Too Much? A Moment-To-Moment Analysis Of Viewer Comfort In Response To Animal Slaughter Videos, Troy G. Tarpley, Laura Morgan Fischer, Garrett M. Steede, R. Glenn Cummins, Amber Mccord
Journal of Applied Communications
The Glass Walls project is a series of videos created by the American Meat Institute that works to create increased transparency regarding agricultural industry practices surrounding animal slaughter and carcass fabrication. To assess the impact of the increased transparency presented in these videos, this study examined consumer response to sampled portions of these videos using a novel measurement approach to agricultural communications, continuous response measurement or “dial testing.” Two samples of college students who differed in their level of agricultural involvement provided continuous ratings of perceived comfort while viewing the two videos. Findings indicated that participants with higher agricultural involvement …
An Essay On Pluralism In Financial Market Infrastructure Design: The Case Of Securities Holding In The United States, Charles W. Mooney Jr.
An Essay On Pluralism In Financial Market Infrastructure Design: The Case Of Securities Holding In The United States, Charles W. Mooney Jr.
All Faculty Scholarship
This essay will appear as a chapter in a forthcoming edited volume published by Oxford University Press. It builds on the earlier article, Beyond Intermediation: A New (FinTech) Model for Securities Holding Infrastructures, 22 U. Pa. J. Bus. L. 386 (2020), which argues that serious consideration should be given to modifications of the deeply intermediated securities holding systems in the United States and elsewhere. Many of the costs and risks imposed by the intermediated holding systems fall within the domain of the regulation of securities markets (internal costs), such as impairments of shareholder voting and bondholder claims against issuers. …