Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Illawarra Aboriginal Community Profile: A Snapshot Of An Urban Aboriginal Community, Kathleen F. Clapham, Scott F. Winch, Valerie Harwood, Peter James Kelly, Paul A. Chandler, Kate Senior, Darcelle Wu

James K. Wu, M.D.

This community profile report provides information about the Aboriginal population of the Illawarra Region. It is intended to begin a discussion about how research can contribute to the social health and wellbeing of Aboriginal people. The report highlights disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians that are apparent not only in the health statistics but also in almost every key socioeconomic indicator. However the report is not just about ill-health and disadvantage. The Illawarra region has numerous well-established Aboriginal-controlled organisations which provide important leadership and social health and wellbeing services for Aboriginal people, many of which have survived within the region …

The Aboriginal Riverkeeper Team Project - Building Indigenous Knowledge And Skills To Improve Urban Waterways In Sydney's Georges River Catchment, Vanessa Cavanagh

Vanessa Cavanagh

Social Determinants Of Mental Health And Well-Being Among Aboriginal Peoples In Canada, Susan Wingert

Susan Wingert

The articles in this volume address the question: How do social determinants structure the health and well-being of the Aboriginal population in Canada? The first article uses bivariate statistical tests to assess whether First Nations residents’ subjective assessments of personal and community well-being correspond to scores from the Community Well-Being (CWB) Index, which is a measure of socioeconomic conditions in the community. The second article uses path analysis to test the extent to which the stress process model explains the social distribution of psychological distress and well-being in the off-reserve Aboriginal population. Specifically, it investigates whether stress, mastery, and social …

Re-Presenting Urban Aboriginal Identities: Self-Representation In "Children Of The Sun", Colleen Mcgloin, Bronwyn Lumby

Colleen McGloin

Teaching Aboriginal Studies to a diverse student cohort presents challenges in the pursuit of developing a critical pedagogy. In this paper, we present Children of the Sun, a local film made by Indigenous Youth in the Illawarra region south of Sydney, New South Wales. We outline the film's genesis and its utilisation in our praxis. The film is a useful resource in the teaching of urban Aboriginal identity to primarily non-Indigenous students in the discipline of Aboriginal Studies. It contributes to the development of critical thinking, and our own critical practice as educators and offers a starting point to address …

Evidence Of Enso Mega-Drought Triggered Collapse Of Prehistory Aboriginal Society In Northwest Australia, Hamish Mcgowan, Samuel K. Marx, P Moss, Andrew Hammond

Samuel K Marx

The Kimberley region of northwest Australia contains one of the World's largest collections of rock art characterised by two distinct art forms; the fine featured anthropomorphic figures of the Gwion Gwion or Bradshaw paintings, and broad stroke Wandjina figures. Luminescence dating of mud wasp nests overlying Gwion Gwion paintings has confirmed an age of at least 17,000 yrs B.P. with the most recent dates for these paintings from around the mid-Holocene (5000 to 7000 yrs B.P.). Radiocarbon dating indicates that the Wandjina rock art then emerged around 3800 to 4000 yrs B.P. following a hiatus of at least 1200 yrs. …

Addressing The Persistence Of Tuberculosis Among The Canadian Inuit Population: The Need For A Social Determinants Of Health Framework, Kassandra C. Kulmann Ma Candidate, Chantelle Am Richmond Professor

Chantelle Richmond

Canadian Aboriginal people have poorer levels of health than the general population. A serious issue is the high rate of tuberculosis (TB) among the Inuit population; rates are much higher than those of the general Canadian population. Several social determinants of health (SDOH), including household crowding and poverty, are strongly correlated with TB prevalence. In this paper, we describe the medical and social determinants of TB, and critically examine the TB literature specific to the Inuit population. The majority of studies recommend biomedical interventions for the treatment of TB. Few researchers have employed the social determinants of health theory to …

Socially Constructed Teen Motherhood: A Review, Marc Fonda, Rachel Eni, Eric Guimond

Marc V. Fonda Ph.D.

This article reviews literature on the gradual construction of teenage pregnancy as a social issue in North America. It shows how teen motherhood emerged not as an issue unto itself, but as a microcosm of numerous, closely intertwined phenomena including: the evolution of Western views on human sexuality and gender roles; the place of religious values in society; and the emergence of various modern technologies, the social and medical sciences, and how such disciplines view childhood, motherhood, and women in society. In particular, it shows that even as teen pregnancy is today viewed primarily through public health and/or socioeconomic lenses, …

The Gambling Behavior Of Indigenous Australians, Nerilee Hing, Helen Breen, Ashley Gordon, Alex Russell

Dr Helen Breen

The gambling activities of minority groups such as Indigenous peoples are usually culturally complex and poorly understood. To redress the scarcity of information and contribute to a better understanding of gambling by Indigenous people, this paper presents quantitative evidence gathered at three Australian Indigenous festivals, online and in several Indigenous communities. With support from Indigenous communities, the study collected and analyzed surveys from 1,259 self-selected Indigenous adults. Approximately 33 % of respondents gambled on card games while 80 % gambled on commercial gambling forms in the previous year. Gambling participation and involvement are high, particularly on electronic gaming machines (EGMs), …

Uptake Of Medicare Chronic Disease Items In Australia By General Practice Nurses And Aboriginal Health Workers, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Patricia M. Davidson, Nicola Brown

Elizabeth Jane Halcomb Professor

The Australian health care system is currently in a state of reform and there is increasing pressure to provide care in community settings. Rising costs, demands and population ageing underscore the importance of adopting models of health care delivery to address changing epidemiological patterns. Population ageing and the increase of chronic conditions challenge models based on acute care. Changes to the Medicare benefits schedule have facilitated the development of a range of expanded nursing services in the general practice setting. In particular, item number 10997 was introduced to reimburse practice nurses and Aboriginal health workers (AHWs) for providing monitoring and …

"Fourth World" Values In A Spanish-Language Newspaper Serving An Immigrant Community, Richard J. Peltz-Steele

Richard J. Peltz-Steele

This study operationalized the Four Worlds model for mass media values in a new context — that of a foreign-language newspaper serving a recent-immigrant community within a First World society, namely a Hispanic community in central Arkansas, in the United States. The study established baseline representations of previously described “First World” and “Fourth World” values in a mainstream central Arkansas newspaper, and in Cherokee and Koori newspapers. The study speculated that the central Arkansas Hispanic community exists with a measure of physical and cultural separation from mainstream society — arising from informal barriers such as socioecomomic status, residential neighborhoods, language, …

Two Year Follow-Up Of A Community Gatekeeper Suicide Prevention Program In An Aboriginal Community, Frank P. Deane, Kim Capp, Caroline Jones, Dawn De Ramirez, Gordon Lambert, Beth M. Marlow, A Rees, Edwina Sullivan

Frank Deane

Few studies report long term follow-up of community gatekeeper training programs that aim to facilitate help-seeking for suicide and there are none in Aboriginal communities. This study aimed to determine long term effects of the Shoalhaven Aboriginal Suicide Prevention Program (SASPP), which used community gatekeeper training as its primary strategy. Following consultation with the Aboriginal community, a brief questionnaire and semi-structured interview was completed by 40 participants who attended a community gatekeeper workshop 2 years earlier. Fifteen of the 40 participants stated that they had helped someone at risk of suicide over the 2-year follow-up period. Intentions to help and …

Regulation Of Aboriginal Labour In Queensland: Protectors, Agreements And Trust Accounts 1897/ 1965, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Centuries Of Aboriginal Unemployment In Nsw, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Problems Affecting Aboriginal Education, Employment And Training Programs, Nadia Verrucci, Robert Castle

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Aboriginal Employment In Rural New South Wales, 1883-1982, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Work And Aboriginal Employment In Two Nsw Rural Areas, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

This paper has several areas of focus. It chronicles the history of Aboriginal employment in Australia in two contrasting areas; it identifies the characteristics of that employment and traces the nature of its change over time; it outlines the attitude of Aborigines towards their work, and the impact of that work on Aboriginal society; it also considers the attitudes of white Australians towards Aborigines and their employment. Finally, it draws some conclusions concerning the responses of the Aborigines to pressures put on them by the economy and society of the white man.

Regional Problems In The Implementation Of Labout Market Programs: Aboriginal Employment Programs In Australia, Robert Castle

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

A Century Of Aboriginal Unemployment In Nsw, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Work And Aboriginal Employment In Two Rural Areas Of New South Wales, 1921–78, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

This paper has several areas of focus. It chronicles the history of Aboriginal employment in Australia in two contrasting areas; it identifies the characteristics of that employment and traces the nature of its change over time; it outlines the attitude of Aborigines towards their work, and the impact of that work on Aboriginal society; it also considers the attitudes of white Australians towards Aborigines and their employment. Finally, it draws some conclusions concerning the responses of the Aborigines to pressures put on them by the economy and society of the white man.

Settlers And The State: The Creation Of An Aboriginal Workforce In Australia, Robert Castle, Jim Hagan

Robert G. Castle

White settlement of Australia began a process whereby the Aboriginal people who had settled the Australian continent for 40,000 years were dispossessed of their land, economy, society and often their lives. Henry Reynold's 'Law of the Land'' demonstrates the impact of the application of the doctrine of 'Terra Nullius' on Aboriginal society and the subsequent development of black-white relations in Australia. Land was the foundation of Aboriginal life - of an economic, religious and cultural system centred on hunting and gathering which provided a basis for a sustainable and stable society. The alienation of Aboriginal land and the resulting conflict …

Dependence And Independence: Aboriginal Workers On The Far South Coast Of Nsw 1920-75, R Castle, J Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Aboriginal Labour In The White Economy, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

A Critique Of Aboriginal Employment And Training Programmes, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Aboriginal Work And Society On The Far South Coast 1970-1975, Robert Castle, James Hagan

Robert G. Castle

No abstract provided.

Biodiversity Is A Whitefella Word: Changing Relationships Between Aboriginal People And The Nsw National Parks And Wildlife Service, Michael Adams, Anthony English

Michael Adams

No abstract provided.

Beyond Yellowstone? Conservation And Indigenous Rights In Australia And Sweden, Michael Adams

Michael Adams

Faced with the paradox of a large global increase in conservation reserves and a simultaneous global decrease in actual effective protection for biodiversity, conservation scientists and others are questioning established conservation theory and practice. Conservation is largely a ‘residual’ landuse, which often conflicts with another residual landuse, the remaining lands owned or accessed by Indigenous peoples. I argue that the Western conservation model has created this situation, and that engaging with Indigenous ways of relating to ‘nature’ could lead to improved outcomes. From the basis that environmental problems are fundamentally social problems, and using case studies from Australia and Sweden, …

The (Aboriginal) Face Of The (Australian) Earth, Lesley M. Head

Lesley Head

No abstract provided.

Factors Behind Hiv Testing Practices Among Canadian Aboriginal Peoples Living Off-Reserve, Treena Orchard, C. Mcinnes, K. Fernandes, M. Clement, M. Gilbert, V. Lima, J. Montaner, R. Hogg

Dr. Treena Orchard

The objective of this study was to examine factors associated with HIV testing among Aboriginal peoples in Canada who live off-reserve. Data were drawn for individuals aged 15–44 from the Aboriginal Peoples Survey (2001), which represents a weighed sample of 520,493 Aboriginal men and women living off-reserve. Bivariable analysis and logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with individuals who had received an HIV test within the past year. In adjusted multivariable analysis, female gender, younger age, unemployment, contact with a family doctor or traditional healer within the past year, and “good” or “fair/poor” self-rated health increased the odds …