Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Lost In The Park: Learning To Navigate The Unpredictability Of Fieldwork, Elizabeth Bonomo, Scott Jacques

CJC Publications

No abstract provided.

Review Of New Urban Spaces: Urban Theory And The Scale Question By Neil Brenner, Jean-Paul D. Addie

USI Publications

New Urban Spaces is a landmark contribution to urban and regional studies. Through a rich, dense and provocative argument, Neil Brenner synthesizes over a decade-and-a-half's work on state rescaling, globalization and urban governance into a comprehensive and radical retheorization of urbanization.

Atlanta Youth Count 2018 Community Report: The Prevalence Of Sex And Labor Trafficking Among Homeless Youth In Metro Atlanta, Eric Wright, Ana Laboy, Melanie Turner, Nicholas Forge, Cody Wallace, Asantewaa Darkwa, Kara Tsukerman, Zoe Webb, Madison Higbee, Renee Shelby

Sociology Faculty Publications

The 2018 Atlanta Youth Count (AYC18) was a follow-up study to the 2015 Atlanta Youth Count and Needs Assessment (AYCNA), expanded in 2018 to specifically address sex and labor trafficking among youth experiencing homelessness in metro Atlanta. The goals of this project were to: 1) provide metro Atlanta service providers, policymakers, and youth advocates with practical information on the size, nature, and needs of the homeless, precariously housed, and runaway youth in our community who are involved in various forms of sex and labor trafficking; 2) collect information that can be used to develop and refine policies, programs, and interventions …

Taking Control Of Regulations: How International Advocacy Ngos Shape The Regulatory Environments Of Their Target Countries, Andrew Heiss

PMAP Publications

A wave of legislative and regulatory crackdown on international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) has constricted the legal environment for foreign advocacy groups interested in influencing domestic and global policy. Although the legal space for advocacy is shrinking, many INGOs have continued their work and found creative ways to adapt to these restrictions, sometimes even reshaping the regulatory environments of their target countries in their favor. In this article, I explore what enables INGOs to cope with and reshape their regulatory environments. I bridge international relations and interest group studies to examine the interaction between INGO resource configurations and institutional arrangements. I …

Municipal Government Form And Budget Outcomes: Political Responsiveness, Bureaucratic Insulation, And The Budgetary Solvency Of Cities, Benedict S. Jimenez

PMAP Publications

One of the fundamental questions in democratic governance is whether policies are best decided by elected officials or by appointed bureaucrat-experts. The study examines this issue in the context of how municipal government form influences government-wide budgetary solvency. Government form creates distinct incentives for executive action that shape budget outcomes. In mayor-council governments, the elected executive’s desire to be reelected increases responsiveness to voters’ preferences. Vote maximization incentivizes the adoption of policies that are popular among voters but can lead to budgetary imbalance. In contrast, the appointed executive in the council-manager form is interested in career advancement, which she achieves …

The Impact Of Message Source On The Effectiveness Of Communications About Climate Change, Toby Bolsen, Risa Palm, Justin Kingsland

USI Publications

We conducted a survey experiment in which we presented 1,850 respondents with one of two versions of an appeal emphasizing either the threats to the environment or threats to national security of the United States as a result of climate change. The messages were attributed to one of four sources: Republican Party leaders, Democratic Party leaders, military officials, or climate scientists. The results reveal that messages attributed to military leaders, or to Republican Party leaders, can enhance the impact of the appeal. This finding underscores the importance that the source of any communication can have on its overall effectiveness.

Cooperation In The Climate Commons, Stefano Carattini, Simon Levin, Alessandro Tavoni

ECON Publications

Climate change is a global externality that has proven difficult to address through formal institutions alone due to the public good properties of climate change mitigation and the lack of a supranational institution for enforcing global treaties. Given these circumstances, which are arguably the most challenging for international cooperation, commitment problems and free-riding incentives for countries to delay costly mitigation efforts are major obstacles to effective environmental agreements. Starting from this premise, we examine domestic mitigation efforts, with the goal of assessing the extent to which the willingness of individuals to contribute voluntarily to the public good of climate mitigation …

Identifying And Categorizing Stakeholders For Protected Area Expansion Around A National Park In Namibia, Lelani Mannetti, Thomas Goettert, Ulrich Zeller, Karen J. Esler

Sustainable Futures Lab Publications

Protected areas and adjacent landscapes are increasingly being viewed as integrated. A more general awareness is emerging of the relevance of collectively managed landscapes for conservation and human well-being. In Namibia, areas dedicated to conservation are increasing because of the proliferation of conservancies and game reserves. Management toward integrated conservation in these landscapes involves land use practices variably dedicated to wildlife management and the inclusion of land owners and resource users in the decision-making process. We use stakeholder analysis to identify participants integral to an expanded protected area network around the Etosha National Park in Namibia. We identified and categorized …

Data Services: Where're We Going? Where've We Been? Where're The Lifeboats?, Mandy J. Swygart-Hobaugh M.L.S., Ph.D.

University Library Faculty Publications

An iPoster (online poster) given in a poster session at the 2019 Association for College & Research Libraries (ACRL) annual conference. The iPoster will be available online through April 2020 at this link; the associated content is available as a PDF (click Download button). Libraries are increasingly venturing into the uncharted waters of Data Services support, likely with a mix of excitement and trepidation. Come learn about one library’s forays into ‘the deep’ of Data Services. We’ll explore where we have been (examining 2.5 years of data collected on our provided services) and where we are going (using this …

In What Sense Suburban Infrastructure?, Jean-Paul D. Addie

USI Publications

The aim of this chapter is to develop an analytically meaningful framework to analyze ‘suburban infrastructure’ by paying concerted attention to how infrastructures relate to the production and experience of dynamic and highly variegated suburban environments. My approach is built around two conceptual triads: the first unpacks the modalities of infrastructures as they exist in, for, and of suburbs (broadly understood as the landscapes of extended urbanization); the second discloses the political economic processes (suburbanization), lived experience (suburbanism), and dynamics of mediation internalized by particular suburban infrastructures. I am not concerned with the tasks of ensuring definitional rigor or bounding …

Activists’ Strategic Communication In An Authoritarian Setting: Integrating Social Movement Framing Into Issues Management, Hue Trong Duong, Hong Tien Vu, Nhung Nguyen

Communication Faculty Publications

Triangulating 18 in-depth interviews with activists and campaign participants, news coverage, and social media content related to the campaign “6,700 people for 6,700 trees,” this study integrates social movement framing theory and issues management framework to examine activists’ strategic communications in an authoritarian setting. Results indicate activists’ sophisticated use of framing strategies following different stages of the issue life cycle to legitimately form an issue and successfully manage the issue in order to achieve their goals. This study offers meaningful theoretical implications for examining strategic communication in social movement campaigns. It also discusses practical lessons for applying these strategies to …

Counteracting Climate Science Politicization With Effective Frames And Imagery, Toby Bolsen, Risa Palm, Justin Kingsland

USI Publications

Politicization of science occurs when the inherent uncertainty of science is emphasized to cast doubt on scientific consensus. Climate change has become particularly susceptible to this kind of politicization. In this article, we report the results of a survey experiment in which we manipulated text frames and visual imagery associated with two types of environmental hazards linked to climate change—sea level rise with associated flooding and increased heat levels with associated drought and wildfires. We present evidence that the use of visual imagery can counter the effects that science politicization has on climate change beliefs and behaviors.

1913 Or 1914: When Was Georgiastate “Founded”?, Laurel Bowen

Selections from the University Library Blog

No abstract provided.

The Framing Of Urban Sustainability Transformations, David M. Iwaniec, Elizabeth M. Cook, Olga Barbosa, Nancy B. Grimm

Sustainable Futures Lab Publications

Transformational change is not always intentional. However, deliberate transformations are imperative to achieve the sustainable visions that future generations deserve. Small, unintentional tweaks will not be enough to overcome persistent and emergent urban challenges. Recent scholarship on sustainability transformations has evolved considerably, but there is no consensus on what qualifies transformational change. We describe variations in current discussions of intentional sustainability transformations in the literature and synthesize strategies from funding institutions’ recent requests for proposals for urban sustainability transformations. Research funding initiatives calling for transformational change are increasingly common and are an important driver of how transformational change is articulated …

Is Data-Driven Decision Making At Odds With Moral Decision Making? A Critical Review Of School Leaders’ Decision Making In The Era Of School Accountability, Yinying Wang

Educational Policy Studies Faculty Publications

This article provides a critical review of school leaders’ data-driven decision making (DDDM), drawing attention to the potential tension between DDDM and moral decision making. With mounting accountability in education, DDDM has been espoused as one of the core values in school leadership. Making a data-driven decision means that school leaders use data to set goals, identify problems, seek and evaluate options, and choose a course of action; whereas moral decision making is about deciding what is right, just, virtuous, and ethical. The two decisionmaking approaches could be on a collision course if school leaders are situated in an organizational …

Pulling At Your Heartstrings: Examining Four Leadership Approaches From The Neuroscience Perspective, Yinying Wang

Educational Policy Studies Faculty Publications

Purpose: This review study aims to bridge neuroscience and educational leadership by exploring the neural mechanisms of the constructs relevant to educational leadership.

Research Methods: The reviewed literature includes 69 neuroscience studies and 4 books on neuroscience. The brain activities and neurotransmitters associated with the constructs pertinent to educational leadership were coded to bridge the knowledge base of neuroscience and educational leadership.

Findings: The neural mechanisms of the constructs related to educational leadership (e.g., vision, charisma, trust, and organizational justice) were organized by four different leadership approaches: charismatic, transformational, destructive, and culturally responsive school leadership. Emotions are the common thread …

The Double Consciousness Of African American Students Who Desegregated Atlanta Public Schools, Tanya Crawford, Chara H. Bohan

Educational Policy Studies Faculty Publications

Six years after Brown v. Board of Education, Atlanta reluctantly complied with the order to desegregate its school system rather than risk having schools closed due to noncompliance. Out of 132 students, nine black high school seniors desegregated four of Atlanta's all-white high schools. The purpose of this study is to explore and document the missing voices of Atlanta's 1961 school desegregation movement and provide an analysis of the students' experiences. W. E. B. Du Bois's double consciousness theory serves as a lens for understanding and explaining the experiences of the Atlanta students who were first to desegregate schools in …

Drug Sellers’ Neutralizations Of Guiltless Drug Sales And Avoidance Of “Drug Dealer” Identities, Timothy Dickinson, Scott Jacques

CJC Publications

Background: Despite a wealth of empirical exploration on neutralization theory, several aspects of the theory remain underexplored. For instance, one task of neutralization research is to investigate whether and how neutralizations vary with offender characteristics. A second underexplored area is whether the neutralizations offenders present when directly asked about feelings of guilt are similar or dissimilar to those they have incorporated into their narrative identities described during interviews. A third underexplored issue is whether offenders that exhibit little guilt for committing mala prohibita crimes use neutralizations in a similar manner as those who do not express guilt for committing mala …

To Control Or Be Controlled: Predicting Types Of Offending In A Corporate Environment Using Control-Balance Theory, Donald E. Hunt, Volkan Topalli

CJC Publications

Introduction: This study seeks to determine the extent to which Tittle’s control balance (CB) theory (CBT: 1995) accurately predicts different types of deviance within a corporate setting (in this case, a financial services corporation). CB theory contends that deviance is the result of a control imbalance between the amount of control a person exerts and the amount to which they are subject. Control deficits result in repressive deviance (including most types of predatory crime). Control surpluses result in autonomous deviance (including many types of white collar offending). Method: We exploit a unique dataset consisting of the internal investigations of fraud …

Network Exposure And Excessive Use Of Force: Investigating The Social Transmission Of Police Misconduct, Marie Ouellet, Sadaf Hashimi, Jason Gravel, Andrew V. Papachristos

CJC Publications

Research Summary: In this study, we investigate how a police officer's exposure to peers accused of misconduct shapes his or her involvement in excessive use of force. By drawing from 8,642 Chicago police officers named in multiple complaints, we reconstruct police misconduct ego‐networks using complaint records. Our results show that officer involvement in excessive use of force complaints is predicted by having a greater proportion of co‐accused with a history of such behaviors.

Policy Implications: Our findings indicate officers’ peers may serve as social conduits through which misconduct may be learned and transmitted. Isolating officers that engage in improper use …

Rent Gap, Jean-Paul Addie

USI Publications

The rent gap refers to the difference between the capitalized rent realized from a plot of land and the potential rent possible if it were developed to its “highest and best” use. Introduced by Neil Smith in 1979, the rent gap provides a systematic production-side theory of urban rent and inner-city transformation. The concept has been critiqued, however, for dismissing the role of individual agents and consumption preferences in explanatory accounts of gentrification.

Black Homebuying After The Crisis: Appreciation Patterns In Fifteen Large Metropolitan Areas, Daniel Immergluck, Stephanie Earl, Allison Powell

USI Publications

No abstract provided.

An Evidence Based Cybersecurity Approach To Risk Management: Risk Management And "Market For Lemons", David Maimon

EBCS Presentations

No abstract provided.

Women’S Political Representation In Rwanda, Jennie E. Burnet

Anthropology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Unpacking Oakland Cemetery: Immersing Students In Atlanta History, Brennan Collins, Jeffrey Glover, Jes Moss, Spencer Roberts, Michael Page, Pouya Dianat

Anthropology Faculty Publications

Working with Oakland Cemetery, Georgia State and Emory Universities, and Beam Imagination are creating an experimental, public-facing digital archive that combines maps, a burial database, 3D visualizations, and curation.

Website Defacement And Routine Activities: Considering The Importance Of Hackers’ Valuations Of Potential Targets, C. Jordan Howell, George W. Burruss, David Maimon, Shradha Sahani

EBCS Articles

Although a relatively simple form of hacking, website defacement can have severe consequences both for the websites that are attacked and the reputation of their owners. However, criminological research has yet to fully explore the causes and correlates of website defacement. We consider whether variables derived from routine activity theory can be applied to understanding website defacement. Specifically, using a sample of websites that were targeted by hackers in 2017 across the world, we examine the relationship between a country’s structural characteristics and the frequency of website defacement reported for the country. We find that website defacements are less likely …

Digital First: The Ontological Reversal And New Challenges For Is Research, Richard L. Baskerville, Michael D. Myers, Youngjin Yoo

EBCS Articles

The classical view of an information system is that it represents and reflects physical reality. We suggest this classical view is increasingly obsolete: digital technologies are now creating and shaping physical reality. We call this phenomenon the ontological reversal. The ontological reversal is where the digital version is created first, and the physical version second (if needed). This ontological reversal challenges us to think about the role of humans and technology in society. It also challenges us to think about our role as IS scholars in this digital world and what it means for our research agendas.

Online Deception And Situations Conducive To The Progression Of Non-Payment Fraud, David Maimon, Mateus Rennó Santos, Youngsam Park

EBCS Articles

Adopting the criminal event perspective, we explore how online fraudsters make use of urgency cues in their interactions with potential victims throughout the progression of an online nonpayment fraud attempt. Integrating claims from the ‘Interpersonal-Deception Theory’ with situational explanations of crime, we investigate whether fraudsters’ presentations of verbal cues of urgency during the early stages of a criminal event are followed by a consistent presentation of verbal and non-verbal urgency cues. To answer this question, we posted a large number of ‘for-sale’ advertisements over a classified-ad website and interacted with online fraudsters and legitimate users who responded to our ads …

Ssl/Tls Certificates And Their Prevalence On The Dark Web (First Report), David Maimon, Yubao Wu, Michael Mcguire, Nicholas Stubler, Zijie Qui

EBCS Reports

As organizations focus on the digital transformation of their businesses, the importance of encryption as the cornerstone of security and privacy is increasingly vital. In 2018, over 70 percent of internet traffic was encrypted. Experts believe that this figure is expected to rise to 80 percent in 2019 (Google, 2019). Secure Sockets Layer (SSL, an older standard) and Transport Layer Security (TLS, a newer standard) certificates are essential to encryption because they authorize all encrypted communication between machines. SSL/TLS certificates are instrumental in protecting privacy and improving security, providing each machine with a unique machine identity. They control the flow …

Which Source Possesses The Most And Highest Quality Data On The Empirical Aspects Of Criminal Events? A Theory Of Opportunity And Necessary Conditions, Scott Jacques

CJC Publications

Offenders and nonoffenders possess valuable information about crime. But which possesses the best data? This is a complex issue, so I narrow my focus to data on empirical aspects of criminal events. Drawing on the necessary conditions perspective, I theorize that a source’s possession 1) of data varies directly with its involvement in cases; 2) of representative data varies inversely with nonrandom involvement in cases and nonrandom siphoning off from the larger group to which it belongs; and, 3) of accurate data varies inversely with time since involvement in cases. Those general principles suggest that offenders, especially active ones, possess …