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Articles 1 - 30 of 52
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Income Inequality And Household Debt: A Cointegration Test, Edmond Berisha, John Meszaros, Eric Olson
Income Inequality And Household Debt: A Cointegration Test, Edmond Berisha, John Meszaros, Eric Olson
Department of Economics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This article employs the Johansen and Engle–Granger methodology to determine if there is a cointegrating relationship between household debt and income inequality as measured by Atkinson, Piketty and Saez (2011). The results suggest a cointegrating relationship between the two series. A vector error correction model is estimated showing that a shock to household debt has statistically significant effects on income inequality in the United States over the time period 1919–2009.
Paleoenvironmental Evidence For First Human Colonization Of The Eastern Caribbean, Peter Siegel, John G. Jones, Deborah M. Pearsall, Nicholas P. Dunning, Pat Farrell, Neil A. Duncan, Jason H. Curtis, Sushant K. Singh
Paleoenvironmental Evidence For First Human Colonization Of The Eastern Caribbean, Peter Siegel, John G. Jones, Deborah M. Pearsall, Nicholas P. Dunning, Pat Farrell, Neil A. Duncan, Jason H. Curtis, Sushant K. Singh
Department of Anthropology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Identifying and dating first human colonization of new places is challenging, especially when group sizes were small and material traces of their occupations were ephemeral. Generating reliable reconstructions of human colonization patterns from intact archaeological sites may be difficult to impossible given post-depositional taphonomic processes and in cases of island and coastal locations the inundation of landscapes resulting from post-Pleistocene sea-level rise. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction is proving to be a more reliable method of identifying small-scale human colonization events than archaeological data alone. We demonstrate the method through a sediment-coring project across the Lesser Antilles and southern Caribbean. Paleoenvironmental data were …
Ramsey Equilibrium With Liberal Borrowing, Robert A. Becker, Kirill Borissov, Ram Dubey
Ramsey Equilibrium With Liberal Borrowing, Robert A. Becker, Kirill Borissov, Ram Dubey
Department of Economics Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This paper considers a multi-agent one-sector Ramsey equilibrium growth model with borrowing constraints. The extreme borrowing constraint used in the classical version of the model, surveyed in Becker (2006), and the limited form of borrowing constraint examined in Borissov and Dubey (2015) are relaxed to allow more liberal borrowing by the households. A perfect foresight equilibrium is shown to exist in this economy. We describe the steady state equilibria for the liberal borrowing regime and show that as the borrowing regime is progressively liberalized, the steady state wealth inequality increases. Unlike the case of a limited borrowing regime, an equilibrium …
We Don’T Always Mean What We Say: Attitudes Toward Statutory Exclusion Of Juvenile Offenders From Juvenile Court Jurisdiction, Tina Zotolli, Tarika Daftary Kapur, Patricia A. Zapf
We Don’T Always Mean What We Say: Attitudes Toward Statutory Exclusion Of Juvenile Offenders From Juvenile Court Jurisdiction, Tina Zotolli, Tarika Daftary Kapur, Patricia A. Zapf
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
In the United States, juvenile offenders are often excluded from the jurisdiction of the juvenile court on the basis of age and crime type alone. Data from national surveys and data from psycholegal research on support for adult sanction of juvenile offenders are often at odds. The ways in which questions are asked and the level of detail provided to respondents and research participants may influence expressed opinions. Respondents may also be more likely to agree with harsh sanctions when they have fewer offender- and case-specific details to consider. Here, we test the hypothesis that attitudes supporting statutory exclusion laws …
The Importance Of E-Government And Data Information Literacy For Student Success, Darren L. Sweeper
The Importance Of E-Government And Data Information Literacy For Student Success, Darren L. Sweeper
Sprague Library Scholarship and Creative Works
The old adage, “From the cradle to the grave” takes on greater significance when we consider the important role that E- Government and Data Information Literacy plays in the success of students.
Responsible Girls: The Spatialized Politics Of Feminine Success And Aspiration In A Divided Silicon Valley, Usa, Elsa M Davidson
Responsible Girls: The Spatialized Politics Of Feminine Success And Aspiration In A Divided Silicon Valley, Usa, Elsa M Davidson
Department of Anthropology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This article offers a comparative ethnographic examination of working-class Latina and middle-class white girls’ narratives of aspiration and expressions of self-cultivation in early twenty-first-century Silicon Valley, USA. I argue that such girls’ subject-making statements of aspiration and gendered practices of self-cultivation reflect their emotively charged negotiations of race and class differentiated ideals of feminine success, their experience of school and community spaces inscribed by hierarchies of race, class, and gender, and shifting political-economic circumstances. Moreover, I maintain that such statements and practices reveal girls’ engagements with an open-ended gendered dynamic of responsibilization.
What The Gorilla Saw: Environmental Studies And The Novel Ishmael, Ian Drake
What The Gorilla Saw: Environmental Studies And The Novel Ishmael, Ian Drake
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Climate Change In Private Child Welfare Organizations, Catherine K. Lawrence, Wendy Zeitlin, Charles Auerbach, Nancy Claiborne
Climate Change In Private Child Welfare Organizations, Catherine K. Lawrence, Wendy Zeitlin, Charles Auerbach, Nancy Claiborne
Department of Social Work and Child Advocacy Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Agency-based design teams effectively address workforce issues in public child welfare agencies. This article presents findings from an adaptation of a design team intervention for private child welfare agencies. A longitudinal mixed-methodology design measures effects of the intervention and conditions of implementation. Pre–post surveys of workers (n = 137) and a comparison group (n = 153) measure climate, job satisfaction, perceptions of child welfare, and intent to leave. Statistically significant increases of 0.37 points on dimensions of organizational justice and support (justice: p = 0.01; support: p = 0.03) parallel the team’s perceived effect of their work—that it will make …
Aspects Of Site Supervision As Predictors Of Group Leader Self-Efficacy For Pre-Service School Counselors, Sarah I. Springer
Aspects Of Site Supervision As Predictors Of Group Leader Self-Efficacy For Pre-Service School Counselors, Sarah I. Springer
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
As pre-service school counselors prepare to lead groups in practice, it is important to consider their beliefs about their abilities to run groups with children and adolescents in the school setting. Site supervision is one aspect of students’ experiential training that can impact the development of confidence surrounding group facilitation. The purpose of this study was to examine specific site supervisory factors that impact the development of pre-service school counselors’ group leader self-efficacy. Data from a sample of 123 pre-service school counseling internship students from CACREP-accredited programs was collected in order to determine the impact of predictor variables (general selfefficacy, …
Exploring The Predictive Value Of Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, And Institutional Factors On College Women's Intention To Help In Sexual Harassment Prevention, Amy D. Zavadil
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
This study set out to explore intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional factors among college women as predictors of intention to help in sexual harassment situations. The study included factors of race, sexual orientation, experience of sexual harassment, group or organization participation, knowing a survivor, awareness of policy, and likelihood to report harassment as ecological factors. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to identify intrapersonal, interpersonal, and institutional factors as predictors of intention to help. Sexual orientation was also explored as a moderating variable. Discussion of implications for prevention educators, Title IX coordinators, and counselors is included, as well as proposed …
Sexuality Education Websites For Adolescents: A Framework-Based Content Analysis, Sara Silverio Marques, Jessica S. Lin, Summer Starling, Aubrey G. Daquiz, Eva Goldfarb, Kimberly Garcia, Norman A. Constantine
Sexuality Education Websites For Adolescents: A Framework-Based Content Analysis, Sara Silverio Marques, Jessica S. Lin, Summer Starling, Aubrey G. Daquiz, Eva Goldfarb, Kimberly Garcia, Norman A. Constantine
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
The web has unique potential for adolescents seeking comprehensive sexual health information. As such, it is important to understand the nature, scope, and readability of the content and messaging provided by sexuality educational websites. We conducted a content analysis of 14 sexuality education websites for adolescents, based on the 7 essential components (sexual and reproductive health and HIV, relationships, sexual rights and sexual citizenship, pleasure, violence, diversity, and gender) of the International Planned Parenthood Framework for Comprehensive Sexuality Education. A majority of content across all sites focused on sexual and reproductive health and HIV, particularly pregnancy and STI prevention, and …
Know Your Value: Negotiation Skill Development For Junior Investigators In The Academic Environment—A Report From The American Society Of Preventive Oncology's Junior Members Interest Group, Allison B. Burton-Chase, Maria C. Swartz, Stephanie A. Navarro Silvera, Karen Basen-Engquist, Faith E. Fletcher, Peter G. Shields
Know Your Value: Negotiation Skill Development For Junior Investigators In The Academic Environment—A Report From The American Society Of Preventive Oncology's Junior Members Interest Group, Allison B. Burton-Chase, Maria C. Swartz, Stephanie A. Navarro Silvera, Karen Basen-Engquist, Faith E. Fletcher, Peter G. Shields
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
The American Society of Preventive Oncology (ASPO) is a professional society for multidisciplinary investigators in cancer prevention and control. One of the aims of ASPO is to enable investigators at all levels to create new opportunities and maximize their success. One strategy adopted by ASPO was to develop the Junior Members Interest Group in 1999. The Interest Group membership includes predoctoral fellows, postdoctoral fellows, and junior faculty members who are provided career development and training opportunities (1). Responsibilities of the members of the Junior Members Interest Group include serving on the ASPO Executive Committee and the Program Planning …
The Murder Of Mapepe: Military Violence In Cold War Puerto Rico, Katherine Mccaffrey
The Murder Of Mapepe: Military Violence In Cold War Puerto Rico, Katherine Mccaffrey
Department of Anthropology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Young Children's Ability To Use Two-Dimensional And Three-Dimensional Symbols To Show Placements Of Body Touches And Hidden Objects, Nicole Lytle, Kamala London, Maggie Bruck
Young Children's Ability To Use Two-Dimensional And Three-Dimensional Symbols To Show Placements Of Body Touches And Hidden Objects, Nicole Lytle, Kamala London, Maggie Bruck
Department of Social Work and Child Advocacy Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
In two experiments, we investigated 3- to 5-year-old children's ability to use dolls and human figure drawings as symbols to map body touches. In Experiment 1, stickers were placed on different locations of children's bodies, and the children were asked to indicate the locations of the stickers using three different symbols: a doll, a human figure drawing, and the adult researcher. Performance on the tasks increased with age, but many 5-year-olds did not attain perfect performance. Surprisingly, younger children made more errors on the two-dimensional (2D) human figure drawing task compared with the three-dimensional (3D) doll and adult tasks. In …
Fundamentals Of Library Instruction, Darren Sweeper
Fundamentals Of Library Instruction, Darren Sweeper
Sprague Library Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
A Socio-Demographic Analysis Of Responses To Terrorism, Gabriel Rubin, Christopher Salvatore
A Socio-Demographic Analysis Of Responses To Terrorism, Gabriel Rubin, Christopher Salvatore
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Extensive research has found that there are differences in reported levels of fear of crime and associated protective actions influenced by socio-demographic characteristics such as race and gender. Further studies, the majority of which focused on violent and property crime, have found that specific demographic characteristics influence fear of crime and protective behaviors. However, little research has focused on the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on perceptions, and protective actions in response to the threat of terrorism. Using data from the General Social Survey, this study compared individual-level protective actions and perceptions of the effectiveness of protective responses to the 9/11 …
Societal Factors Impacting Child Welfare: Validating The Perceptions Of Child Welfare Scale, Charles Auerbach, Wendy Zeitlin, Astraea Augsberger, Brenda G. Mcgowan, Nancy Claiborne, Catherine K. Lawrence
Societal Factors Impacting Child Welfare: Validating The Perceptions Of Child Welfare Scale, Charles Auerbach, Wendy Zeitlin, Astraea Augsberger, Brenda G. Mcgowan, Nancy Claiborne, Catherine K. Lawrence
Department of Social Work and Child Advocacy Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Imagining The Unimaginable: Torture And The Criminal Law, Francesca Laguardia
Imagining The Unimaginable: Torture And The Criminal Law, Francesca Laguardia
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This article examines the use of torture by the U.S. government in the context of the late 20th-century preventive turn in criminal justice. Challenging the assumption that the use of “enhanced interrogation tactics” in the war on terror was an exceptional deviation from accepted norms, this article suggests that this deviation began decades before the terror attacks, in the context of conventional criminal procedure. I point to the use of the “ticking time bomb hypothetical,” and its connection to criminal procedure’s “kidnapping hypothetical.” Using case law and criminal procedure textbooks I trace the employment of that narrative over several decades, …
An Exploratory Study Of Social Media Use Among Nonprofit Hospitals, Demitra C. Calivas
An Exploratory Study Of Social Media Use Among Nonprofit Hospitals, Demitra C. Calivas
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Healthcare is a multi-faceted and complex organizational and social issue that affects many stakeholders (e.g., the ill, family, care taker, health institutions, etc.). Little research has examined how healthcare providers engaged with their targeted audiences on various social media. This thesis examined how nonprofit organizations (NPOs) in the healthcare industry use social media as a dialogic means to strategically engage with their stakeholders. This study conducted content analysis of the social media messages by four nonprofit research hospitals: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, the Mayo Clinic, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. The Lovejoy and Saxton’s (2012) “Information, …
A Biometric Analysis Of Mate Choice Copying In People, Jonathan Lenhardt
A Biometric Analysis Of Mate Choice Copying In People, Jonathan Lenhardt
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Mate choice copying is the notion that a person or animal, after observing another choosing a romantic or sexual partner, will perceive that partner as more attractive and possibly attempt to acquire that same partner for themselves. Using measurement of pupil size in response to the presentation of pictures of men and women both alone and with a neutral or admiring partner, it was hypothesized that such a biometric measure could substantiate previous research that has supported the evidence of mate choice copying in people. This study's methodology complements that of previous studies utilizing questionnaires to measure the attractiveness of …
Nietzsche And The Politics Of Suffering, Candice Barbara Maneri
Nietzsche And The Politics Of Suffering, Candice Barbara Maneri
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Friedrich Nietzsche’s critique of the West is just as poignant now as it was at the time of his writing. Arguably, his commentary on nihilism, decadence and the last men are of special interest, because of the ways in which we currently see his predictions as they function in the modem world. Nietzsche challenges us throughout his work to respond to the claim of the madman in “The Parable of the Madman” - what have we done to make ourselves worthy of the death of God? For Nietzsche, the idiosyncratic niceties of modem society are just residuum of the herd …
How Much Is That Soup? : An Evaluation Of How Taste Is Influenced By Price, Monica Selene Jimenez
How Much Is That Soup? : An Evaluation Of How Taste Is Influenced By Price, Monica Selene Jimenez
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Extrinsic and intrinsic cues play a vital role in the judgment and evaluation of food. The effect of price (i.e., extrinsic cue) on expected and actual liking ratings was studied. There were three independent experiments done in this study. Experiment 1 was done to determine the prices used in the two subsequent experiments. In Experiments 2 and 3 subjects rated the expected (Experiment 2) and actual (Experiment 3) liking of the same brand of tomato soup presented at three different price levels: $2.50 (low), $3.25 (average), and $5.50 (high). In addition to the liking judgment, subjects were asked to evaluate …
How People Think About Police Interrogations, Cara Struble
How People Think About Police Interrogations, Cara Struble
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
It has been established through numerous research studies that police interrogation tactics have the ability to elicit false confessions from innocent individuals. Not only do the tactics used have the ability to coerce a confession, but confirmation bias may further influence the techniques used during an interrogation and pressure exerted on a suspect. Individuals may falsely admit guilt to a crime in order to escape pressure, to obtain a promise of leniency, or because they internalize the confession based on evidence against them. Confessions are expanded upon, written down and signed to be used against the suspect in trial. Jurors …
Investigation Of Automatic Access To Spatial Representations Of Magnitude, Jaclyn Marie Wiener
Investigation Of Automatic Access To Spatial Representations Of Magnitude, Jaclyn Marie Wiener
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
In the SNARC (Spatial Numeric Association of Response Codes) effect relatively small numbers are processed faster on the left hand side and relatively large numbers are processed faster on the right hand side, implying a spatial mental representation of numbers that might be conceptualized as a mental number line (Dehaene, Bossini, & Giraux, 1993). Walsh (2003) proposed that time, space, and quantity are part of a generalized cognitive system that processes different facets of magnitude. If this is true, we investigated whether the SNARC-like effect reported with magnitude of circle is a strong or weak automatic process. In the case …
The Relationship Of School Counselors’ Disabilities Competence With Self-Efficacy And Pre-Service Training And The Influence Of Experience, Training, And Self-Efficacy On Disabilities Competence, Anthony Cannella
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
There were three purposes to this research study. First, the relationship between school counselors’ disabilities competence and their self-efficacy was examined through a correlation. Next, the relationship between school counselors’ disabilities competence and their pre-service training was investigated through a correlation. Finally, the predictive value of work experience, personal experience, training experience, and self-efficacy was observed in relation to school counselors’ disabilities competence through a multiple regression analysis. This dissertation includes an overview of the study, a review of the pertinent literature, a detailed description of the study’s methodology, an analysis of the results, and a discussion about the implications …
The Role Of Attachment Style On Preference For Arranged Marriage, Sanjay Hiroo Advani
The Role Of Attachment Style On Preference For Arranged Marriage, Sanjay Hiroo Advani
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
This study investigated the role attachment style plays in preference for arranged marriage among single, non-married Indians. It was conducted online using a survey company (Survata) with the requirement that participants be interested in an arranged marriage, be between 18-40 years of age and not be married. The survey was accessed through an online - link which could be located via any internet browser. Respondents included two hundred and seven respondents, who completed three questionnaires concerning their preference for an arranged marriage, attachment style, and acculturation and religious commitment. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and ANCOVA. The results indicate that …
Drosophila Tone Preference During Oviposition, Alexa Christine Decker
Drosophila Tone Preference During Oviposition, Alexa Christine Decker
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Evidence shows that Drosophila melongaster take into account the environmental factors such as substance, temperature, texture, and direct threats in order to provide protection for their offspring; young drosophila utilize experienced drosophila's olfactory cues for informed site selection. Their site selection is indicative of what drosophila view as beneficial. Since they have near-field hearing, drosophila may integrate sound into their deciding factors. If drosophila utilize sound as a deciding factor then a tone within their hearing range and similar to the tone their wings produce during flight such as a 250 Hz tone could have positive or negative associations. In …
Cooperation Of Authority, Nathan Kemper
Cooperation Of Authority, Nathan Kemper
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
What is the place of authority and what effects does it have on the behavior of individuals? This has historically been a question addressed in social psychology literature (see Milgram, 1963; Zimbardo, 1974; 2007). Traditionally researchers in this paradigm focus on the situational effects of assigned authority on underling positions in asymmetric power structure settings (e.g. the “teacher” and “learner” in Milgram, 1963). The current study sought to place focus on the individual in the authority role while engaged in a cooperative pay-off game. Thirty-eight students (N = 38) were recruited to participate in two trials of the Prisoner’s Dilemma …
Twelve-Month-Old Infants’ Encoding Of Goal And Source Paths In Agentive And Non-Agentive Motion Events, Laura Lakusta, Susan Carey
Twelve-Month-Old Infants’ Encoding Of Goal And Source Paths In Agentive And Non-Agentive Motion Events, Laura Lakusta, Susan Carey
Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Across languages and event types (i.e., agentive and nonagentive motion, transfer, change of state, attach/detach), goal paths are privileged over source paths in the linguistic encoding of events. Furthermore, some linguistic analyses suggest that goal paths are more central than source paths in the semantic and syntactic structure of motion verbs. However, in the nonlinguistic memory of children and adults, a goal bias shows up only for events involving intentional, goal-directed, action. Three experiments explored infants’ nonlinguistic representations of goals and sources in motion events. The findings revealed that 12-month-old infants privilege goals over sources only when the event involves …
Climate Factors Related To Intention To Leave In Administrators And Clinical Professionals, Nancy Claiborne, Charles Auerbach, Wendy Zeitlin, Catherine K. Lawrence
Climate Factors Related To Intention To Leave In Administrators And Clinical Professionals, Nancy Claiborne, Charles Auerbach, Wendy Zeitlin, Catherine K. Lawrence
Department of Social Work and Child Advocacy Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
This study seeks to identify the best-fitting model to determine which organizational factors relate to the various dimensions of not-for-profit administrators or clinicians' intention to leave their jobs. A structural equation model (SEM) analyzed data on 318 administrators and clinical professionals. Based on this analysis, the best-fitting model was comprised of three factors consisting of three latent variables, and four exogenous variables regressed on them. Model fit statistics indicated the data fit the model well. The Comparative Fit Index (CFI) values was 0.99. The Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) assessed the model's goodness-of-fit excellent at 0.99. The model indicates that administrators and …