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Articles 31 - 60 of 107
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Variability In An Edaphic Indicator In Alpine Tundra, George Malanson, D. Butler, D. Cairns, T. Welsh
Variability In An Edaphic Indicator In Alpine Tundra, George Malanson, D. Butler, D. Cairns, T. Welsh
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Landscape Frontiers, Geography Frontiers: Lessons To Be Learned, George Malanson, Yu Zeng, Stephen Walsh
Landscape Frontiers, Geography Frontiers: Lessons To Be Learned, George Malanson, Yu Zeng, Stephen Walsh
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Site Locations And Characteristics Of Miniature Patterned Ground, Eastern Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A, David Butler, George Malanson
Site Locations And Characteristics Of Miniature Patterned Ground, Eastern Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A, David Butler, George Malanson
George P Malanson
We examined a total of 68 sites with miniature polygonal patterned ground above treeline, along and east of the Continental Divide in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Patterned ground develops at three geographic site-types: convex uplands; concave mountain passes and cols; and valleyside slopes. Data were collected at each site to characterize the patterned ground morphometry. Morphometry was similar regardless of site-type, and occurrence was dependent on the presence of fine-grained material on older solifluction terraces or sorted nets.
Feedback-Driven Response To Multidecadal Climatic Variability At An Alpine Treeline, Kathryn Alftine, George Malanson, Daniel Fagre
Feedback-Driven Response To Multidecadal Climatic Variability At An Alpine Treeline, Kathryn Alftine, George Malanson, Daniel Fagre
George P Malanson
The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) has significant climatological and ecological effects in northwestern North America. Its possible effects and their modification by feedbacks are examined in the forest-tundra ecotone in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Tree ring samples were collected to estimate establishment dates in 10 quadrats. Age-diameter regressions were used to estimate the ages of uncored trees. The temporal pattern of establishment and survival was compared to the pattern of the PDO. A wave of establishment began in the mid-1940s, rose to a peak rate in the mid-1970s, and dropped precipitously beginning ca. 1980 to near zero for the …
Modeling Watershed-Scale Sequestration Of Soil Organic Carbon For Carbon Credit Programs, Vineet Yadav, George Malanson, Elias Bekele, Christopher Lant
Modeling Watershed-Scale Sequestration Of Soil Organic Carbon For Carbon Credit Programs, Vineet Yadav, George Malanson, Elias Bekele, Christopher Lant
George P Malanson
Impending risks associated with climate change have forced the global community to devise tradable pollution permit or "cap and trade" approaches to control the release of greenhouse gases. In the U.S, soils have the potential to offset about 10 percent of annual CO sub(2) emissions; however, if carbon credits are to be included in greenhouse gas control programs, soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rates associated with agricultural land uses must be computed at a watershed scale. The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) water quality model, the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) erosion model, and the CENTURY 4.0 a soil carbon …
Riparian Landscapes, George Malanson
Modeling Impacts Of Erosion And Deposition On Soil Organic Carbon In The Big Creek Basin Of Southern Illinois, Vineet Yadav, George Malanson
Modeling Impacts Of Erosion And Deposition On Soil Organic Carbon In The Big Creek Basin Of Southern Illinois, Vineet Yadav, George Malanson
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Modeling Feedback Effects On Linear Patterns Of Subalpine Forest Advancement, M. Bekker, George Malanson
Modeling Feedback Effects On Linear Patterns Of Subalpine Forest Advancement, M. Bekker, George Malanson
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
An Overview Of Scale, Pattern, Process Relationships In Geomorphology; A Remote Sensing And Gis Perspective, Stephen Walsh, David Butler, George Malanson
An Overview Of Scale, Pattern, Process Relationships In Geomorphology; A Remote Sensing And Gis Perspective, Stephen Walsh, David Butler, George Malanson
George P Malanson
Satellite remote sensing and geographic information systems are emerging technologies in geomorphology. They offer the opportunity to gain fresh insights into biophysical systems through the spatial, temporal, spectral, and radiometric resolutions of remote sensing systems and through the analytical and data integration capability of GIS. The two technologies can be linked together into a synergistic system that is particularly well suited to the examination of landscape conditions through the interrelationships of scale, pattern, and process, a paradigm that has gained prominence in the fields of biogeography and landscape ecology. In this study, we apply optical and microwave remote sensing systems …
Uncovering Spatial Feedbacks At Alpine Treeline Using Spatial Metrics In Evolutionary Simulations, George Malanson, Yu Zeng
Uncovering Spatial Feedbacks At Alpine Treeline Using Spatial Metrics In Evolutionary Simulations, George Malanson, Yu Zeng
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Landscape Fragmentation And Dispersal In A Model Of Riparian Forest Dynamics, Jeffrey Hanson, George Malanson, Marc Armstrong
Landscape Fragmentation And Dispersal In A Model Of Riparian Forest Dynamics, Jeffrey Hanson, George Malanson, Marc Armstrong
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Patterns Of Correlation Among Landscape Metrics, Qian Wang, George Malanson
Patterns Of Correlation Among Landscape Metrics, Qian Wang, George Malanson
George P Malanson
Representations of real and virtual landscapes are often abstracted and quantified as "landscape metrics" in landscape ecology, and while much is known about them after 20 years of use, some relations are as yet unexplored. The objective of this research is to gain a better understanding of the effects of spatial representation in landscape ecology. Nine hundred artificial landscapes were generated with varying spatial patterns created using a fractal landscape generator with 3D fractal dimensions ranging from 2.1 to 2.9 in increments of 0.1. The 3D landscapes were reduced to 2D patterns by putting the cells into five classes. Forty-four …
Flood Frequency And The Assemblage Of Dispersal Types In Hanging Gardens Of The Narrows, Zion National Park, Utah, George P. Malanson, J. Kay
Flood Frequency And The Assemblage Of Dispersal Types In Hanging Gardens Of The Narrows, Zion National Park, Utah, George P. Malanson, J. Kay
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Not Seeing The Ocean For The Islands: The Mediating Influence Of Matrix-Based Processes On Forest Fragmentation Effects, John Kupfer, George Malanson, Scott Franklin
Not Seeing The Ocean For The Islands: The Mediating Influence Of Matrix-Based Processes On Forest Fragmentation Effects, John Kupfer, George Malanson, Scott Franklin
George P Malanson
The pervasive influence of island biogeography theory on forest fragmentation research has often led to a misleading conceptualization of landscapes as areas of forest/habitat and ‘non-forest/non-habitat’ and an overriding focus on processes within forest remnants at the expense of research in the human-modified matrix. The matrix, however, may be neither uniformly unsuitable as habitat nor serve as a fully–absorbing barrier to the dispersal of forest taxa. In this paper, we present a conceptual model that addresses how forest habitat loss and fragmentation affect biodiversity through reduction of the resource base, subdivision of populations, alterations of species interactions and disturbance regimes, …
Improving Environmental Simulation Models To Assess Climate Change Impacts, George P. Malanson, Marc P. Armstrong
Improving Environmental Simulation Models To Assess Climate Change Impacts, George P. Malanson, Marc P. Armstrong
George P Malanson
Increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and other by-products of human civilization are expected to disrupt the global energy budget and induce climatic change, which will aIter the distribution of plant species and the composition of plant communities. In spite of the importance of these projected effects, our understanding of the processes leading to such changes needs to be strengthened. This paper addresses the need to improve models that are used to assess spatial aspects of the response of vegetation to anthropogenic climate change. Several modifications are suggested, each of which relates to changes in forest community composition that occur …
Complexity Theory, Spatial Simulation Models, And Land Use Dynamics In The Northern Ecuadorian Amazon, Stephen Walsh, Joseph Messina, Carlos Mena, George Malanson
Complexity Theory, Spatial Simulation Models, And Land Use Dynamics In The Northern Ecuadorian Amazon, Stephen Walsh, Joseph Messina, Carlos Mena, George Malanson
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
The Western Cordillera; The Physical Geography Of North America, George Malanson, David Butler
The Western Cordillera; The Physical Geography Of North America, George Malanson, David Butler
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Directional Positive Feedback And Pattern At An Alpine Tree Line, Kathryn Alftine, George Malanson
Directional Positive Feedback And Pattern At An Alpine Tree Line, Kathryn Alftine, George Malanson
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Simulated Village Locations In Thailand: A Multi-Scale Model Including A Neural Network Approach, Wenwu Tang, George Malanson, Barbara Entwisle
Simulated Village Locations In Thailand: A Multi-Scale Model Including A Neural Network Approach, Wenwu Tang, George Malanson, Barbara Entwisle
George P Malanson
The simulation of rural land use systems in general, and rural settlement dynamics in particular, has developed with synergies of theory and methods for decades. Three current issues are: linking spatial patterns and processes, representing hierarchical relations across scales, and considering nonlinearity to address complex non-stationary settlement dynamics. We present a hierarchical simulation model to investigate complex rural settlement dynamics in Nang Rong, Thailand. This simulation uses sub-models to allocate new villages at three spatial scales. Regional and sub-regional models, which involve a nonlinear space-time autoregressive model implemented in a neural network approach, determine the number of new villages to …
Endogenous Fractal Dynamics At Alpine Treeline Ecotones, Yu Zeng, George Malanson
Endogenous Fractal Dynamics At Alpine Treeline Ecotones, Yu Zeng, George Malanson
George P Malanson
Many of the hypotheses proposed to explain ecotones are based on an individualistic paradigm and are essentially static. While they include local feedbacks, they ignore the interactions between pattern and process across scales. These feedbacks in ecotones are nonlinear in nature and complicate the relations of pattern and process in vegetation, which, combined with observed fractal patterns, suggests a complexity science approach to investigate ecotone dynamics. A cellular automaton of alpine treeline, including nonlinear, local, positive, and negative feedbacks in tree establishment and mortality, as reported in field studies, is used as a model system. Fourier analysis of simulated alpine …
Periglacial Patterned Ground, Glacier National Park, Montana, David Butler, George Malanson, Rose Roberts, Kermit Rainman
Periglacial Patterned Ground, Glacier National Park, Montana, David Butler, George Malanson, Rose Roberts, Kermit Rainman
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Potential Catastrophic Flooding From Landslide-Dammed Lakes, Glacier National Park, Montana, Usa, David Butler, George Malanson, Jack Oelfke
Potential Catastrophic Flooding From Landslide-Dammed Lakes, Glacier National Park, Montana, Usa, David Butler, George Malanson, Jack Oelfke
George P Malanson
The Rocky Mountains have a high hazard potential from rapid slope failures, subsequent damming of drainage systems, and catastrophic rapid drainage of the landslide-dammed lake. Most landslide dams eventually fail by overtopping. This paper examines the history of, and the potential for catastrophic failure and high discharges from, a pair of landslide-dammed lakes in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Tree-ring and lichen data from the surface and margins of the rockfall-avalanche dams indicate contemporaneous deposition occurred in 1910, with additional deposition in 1946. The rockfall-avalanche dams overlie Cretaceous shale capped with late Pleistocene glacial till. The deposits are therefore inherently …
An Agent-Based Model Of Household Dynamics And Land Use Change, Barbara Entwisle, George Malanson, Ronald Rindfuss, Srephen Walsh
An Agent-Based Model Of Household Dynamics And Land Use Change, Barbara Entwisle, George Malanson, Ronald Rindfuss, Srephen Walsh
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Identifying The Biodiversity Research Needs Related To Forest Fragmentation, George P. Malanson, John A. Kupfer, Scott B. Franklin
Identifying The Biodiversity Research Needs Related To Forest Fragmentation, George P. Malanson, John A. Kupfer, Scott B. Franklin
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Woody Debris, Sediment, And Riparian Vegetation Of A Subalpine River, Montana, Usa., George P. Malanson, D. R. Butler
Woody Debris, Sediment, And Riparian Vegetation Of A Subalpine River, Montana, Usa., George P. Malanson, D. R. Butler
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Characteristics Of Two Landslide-Dammed Lakes In A Glaciated Alpine Environment, David Butler, George Malanson
Characteristics Of Two Landslide-Dammed Lakes In A Glaciated Alpine Environment, David Butler, George Malanson
George P Malanson
Two young landslide-dammed lakes in a remote portion of Glacier National Park, Montana were studied to determine if their characteristics are similar to those of older glacial lakes. We sampled lake depth along longitudinal transects and collected lake-bottom sediments for examination of particle size, organic matter content, and presence of benthic vegetation. Water-quality data were also analyzed. The older Slide Lake has a less steep bottom and supports benthic vegetation; the younger Slide Pond, with a steep bottom profile, does not. Organic matter content and sedimen textural characteristics were a function of location in each lake, particularly in terms of …
Post-Fire Regeneration Strategies Of Californian Coastal Sage Shrubs, George Malanson, John O'Leary
Post-Fire Regeneration Strategies Of Californian Coastal Sage Shrubs, George Malanson, John O'Leary
George P Malanson
Regeneration methods for coastal sage srub vegetation after fire were studied in the coastal Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. Six sites were sampled two years after a large fire of fall, 1978. The intensity of fire varied. Foliar cover and flowering incidence were recorded for individuals regenerating by resprouting or from seed. Resprouting plants contributed most to post-fire recovery, comprising 95% of the relative foliar shrub cover; 84% of resprout and 47% of seedling cover had flowered. An ANOVA of reproductive mode and fire intensity indicates that resprout total cover and individual size are significantly greater than those of …
The Rise And Fall Of The Uintah Valley Indian Reservation; Perception And Policy, George Malanson
The Rise And Fall Of The Uintah Valley Indian Reservation; Perception And Policy, George Malanson
George P Malanson
No abstract provided.
Farm Chemicals As Indicators Of Sediment Sources In Iowa Rivers, George P. Malanson, E. N. Nealson
Farm Chemicals As Indicators Of Sediment Sources In Iowa Rivers, George P. Malanson, E. N. Nealson
George P Malanson
Determination of the source of sediment in rivers and streams is important in order to effectively implement a program to reduce its concentration. This project uses agricultural chemicals as indicators of current sources of sediment from farm fields in the Cedar River, Iowa watershed. We hypothesized that the relations of sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorous yields to precipitation would indicate whether sediment originated from erosion of fields or from channel bank erosion of floodplains. The changes in sediment, nitrate, and phosphorus in the channel in response to rainfall events were determined. In simple regressions, all three variables have similar slopes when …
Complexity At Advancing Ecotones And Frontiers, George Malanson, Yu Zeng, Stephen Walsh
Complexity At Advancing Ecotones And Frontiers, George Malanson, Yu Zeng, Stephen Walsh
George P Malanson
Ecotones, such as advancing treelines, have been examined as complex self-organizing systems. Frontiers of human settlement may share some of their spatial characteristics, because they too include feedbacks between spatial pattern and process. Advancing frontiers of three study areas in the Amazonian region of Ecuador are analyzed with the aid of Landsat imagery to detect change. Power-law distributions of advancing deforestation are found, which are indicative of possible complexity. Alternative approaches in self-organized complexity, including self-organized percolation and the inverse-cascade model, and an approach to complexity involving optimization?highly optimized tolerance?are considered. Some combination of these, based on their common ancestry …